摘要:考试重点:形式上复数.意义单数的名词做主语,动名词.不定式.从句做主语,a number+of+复数名词和the number+of+可数或不可数名词做主语,主语由as well as 等词修饰时的主谓一致,当用and连接的名词前有each.every等修饰时.谓语动词用单数. 一.名词physics .news.works等一般被认为是形式是复数.意思是单数的名词.它们做主语的时候动词一般用单数形式. 2.Every means has been tried. 每一种方式都试过了. 二.动名词.不定式.从句做主语时.谓语动词用单数. When and where the new hospital will be built a mystery. A. to remain B. remains C. remain D. is remaining 三.当主语是a number+of+复数名词时.谓语动词用复数,当主语是the number+of+可数或不可数名词时.谓语动词用单数 (答案:A.应改为the.1998年66题) 2.A number of cars in front of my house. A. was parked B. were parking C. is parking D. are parked 四.当主语由as well as 等词修饰时的主谓一致.当句中的主语后接as well as.along with.together with.including.accompanied by等短语+名词时.主语与谓语的一致关系不受影响.主语是单数名词时.谓语动词用单数形式.主语是复数形式时.谓语动词用复数. 1.John, along with twenty friends, is planning a party. 约翰和二十个朋友正在计划举行一个集会. 2.No one but Jane and Tom was there then. 那时除了珍尼和汤姆之外.没有别人在那儿. 五.当用and连接的名词前有each.every等修饰时.谓语动词用单数.当主语是each-and-.every-and every-.many a-and-结构时.谓语动词用单数. 1.Many a singer and dancer is to attend our evening party. 许多歌唱家和舞蹈家将参加我们的晚会. 2.In our country every boy and every girl has the right to receive education. 在我们国家每个人都有接受教育的权利. ?? 第八节 倒装句 ?考试重点: 1.否定词放置句首时.助动词或be动词要放置主语的前面进行倒装.常用的否定词有:not.scarcely.barely.seldom.not until.little.(in)under no circumstance.by no means.no sooner-than等. 句首为否定或半否定的词语.如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not until- 等.例如: Never have I seen such a performance. 从未见过如此糟糕的表演. Nowhere will you find the answer to this question. 无论如何你不会找到这个问题的答案的. Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 母亲一直到孩子入睡后离开房间. 当Not until引出主从复合句.主句倒装.从句不倒装.注意: 如否定词不在句首不倒装.例如: I have never seen such a performance. The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep. 典型例题 1) Why can't I smoke here? At no time in the meeting-room A. is smoking permitted B. smoking is permitted C. smoking is it permitted D. does smoking permit 答案A. 这是一个倒装问题.当否定词语置于句首以表示强调时.其句中的主谓须用倒装结构.这些否定词包括no, little, hardly, seldom, never, not only, not until等.本题的正常语序是 Smoking is permitted in the meeting-room at no time. 2) Not until the early years of the 19th century what heat is. A. man did know B. man know C. didn't man know D. did man know 答案D. 看到Not until-的句型.我们知道为一倒装句.答案在C.D 中选一个. 改写为正常语序为.Man did not know what heat is until the early years of the 19th. 现在将not提前.后面就不能再用否定了,否则意思就变了 以否定词开头作部分倒装 如 Not only-but also, Hardly/Scarcely-when, No sooner- than等.要倒装.例如: Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. 他没有收下礼物.还狠狠批评了送礼的人. Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her. 她刚出门.就有个学生来访. No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her. 她刚出门.就有个学生来访. 典型例题 No sooner than it began to rain heavily. A. the game began B. has the game begun C. did the game begin D. had the game begun 答案D. 以具有否定意义的副词放在句首时.一般采用倒装句.这类表示否定意义的词有never, seldom, scarcely, little, few, not, hardly, 以及not only-but , no sooner-than, hardly- when scarcely- when 等等. 注意:只有当Not only- but also连接两个分句时.才在第一个分句用倒装结构.如果置于句首的Not only- but also仅连接两个并列词语.不可用倒装结构.如Not only you but also I am fond of music.2.only+adv.句子要倒装. Only in this way, can you learn English well. 只有这样.你才能学好英语. Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. 叫了三次.他才来参加会议. 如果句子为主从复合句.则主句倒装.从句不倒装.例如: Only when he is seriously ill does he ever stay in bed. 病得狠重时.他才卧床休息.

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