摘要: It took us quite a long time to get here. It was journey. A. three hour B. a three hour C. a three-hour D. three hours

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E

Windows not only let light in to cut down an electricity use for lighting, but the light coming through the window also provides heat. However, windows are not something people typically associate with being a cutting edge technology. Researchers are now working on new technologies that enable a window to quickly change from clear to dark and anywhere in between with a turn of a switch.

“It took us a long time to figure out what a window really is,” says Claes Granqvist, a professor of solid—state physics at Uppsala University in Sweden.“It’s contact with the outside world. You have to have visual contact with the surrounding world to feel well.” So, windows and natural light are important for improving the way people feel when they’re stuck indoors.

Yet, windows are the weak link in a building when it comes to energy and temperature control. In the winter, cold air leaks in. When it’s hot and sunny, sunlight streams in. All of this sunlight carries lots of heat and energy. And all of this extra heat forces people to turn on their air conditioners. Producing cold air, which can feel so refreshing, actually suck up enormous amounts of electricity in buildings around the world.

Windows have been a major focus of energy research for a long time. Over the years, scientists have come up with a variety of strategies for coating, glazing, and layering windows to make them more energy efficient. Smart windows go a step further. They use some technologies involving changes of color.

Electrochromic windows use electricity to change color. For example, a sheet of glass coated with thin layers(层) of tungsten oxide(氧化钨) works a bit like a battery. Tungsten oxide is clear when an electric charge is applied and dark when the charge is removed, that is, when the amount of voltage(电压) is decreased, the window darkens until it’s completely dark after all electricity is taken away. So applying a voltage determines whether the window looks clear or dark.

One important feature that makes a smart window so smart is that it has a sort of “memory”. All it takes is a small shock of voltage to turn the window from one state to the other. Then, it stays that way. Transitions take from 10 seconds to a few minutes, depending on the size of the window. The development of smart windows could mean that massive air conditioning systems may no longer need.“In the future,” Granqvist says,“our buildings may look different.”

67.Which statement does not indicate the importance of windows as described in the first two paragraphs?

A.Windows can change from clear to dark to save energy.

B.Windows help to save energy by letting light in.

C.Windows help to save energy by providing heat.

D.Windows enable people to have contact with the outside world.

68.According to the passage, smart windows are windows_______.

A.that are coated                        B.that use electricity

C.the color of which can be changed        D.that have many layers

69.To make electrochromic windows change color, what is applied to the window glass?

A.Electricity.     B.Tungsten oxide.    C.A battery.         D.A voltage.

70.What will be the benefit if the research on smart windows turns out to be successful?

A.The buildings will look different.

B.Windows can be as large as you want.

C.We may not need air conditioners any more.

D.They are less expensive than traditional windows.

 

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Many of you may wonder what else to do besides watching TV or surfing the Internet on weekends.Why not have a picnic? Junior 2 students at Beijing No.4 Middle Schoo1 had a “King of cooking” competition·

    Earlier this month,about 300 students at the schoo1 went to a suburb(郊区)of Beijing to have the contest.They were divided into 24  groups.Each group had buyers,slicers  (掌刀),firemakers.washers and cooks.

    Firemakers faced the most problems during the time.Some of them had no idea how to keep fire burning.  “The fire kept going out.we had to blow at the sparks(火星)and put on corn leaves and old newspapers,”said Wu Mofei,13.

    “It took us an hour to make the fire.Our eyes had tears from all the smoke and our faces became dirty,”he added.   

When the fires were finally made,the cooks became the busiest people.Huang Lanye made fried celery(芹菜)and ham pickled cabbage(泡菜)and tomato soup.

    She was proud of her work.“It’s my first time making Chinese dishes.My group members ate them up in minutes and said they were as delicious as what their parents made!” said the 14-year-old girl.

    Finally over ten students were titled “King of Cooking”.Wang Xiaoyue,14,was one of them.“My group got a mark of 98 at the competition,’’Wang said.“We have 1earned a lot while

having so much fun! We are the best!”

    Beijing No.4 Middle School has been organizing similar(类似的)fun activities for six years.“we want to give students a chance to get real life experiences and 1earn how to work as a team,’’said Jia Dong,who works for the school’s student affairs office.

1.The text mainly tells us——.

A.a “King of Cooking”  competition organized by Senior 2 students at Beijing No.4 Middle School

B.a picnic organized by Junior 2 students at Beijing N0.4  Middle School

C.a “King of Cooking”  competition organized by Junior 2 students at Beijing No.4 Middle School

D.after-school activities of students at Beijing No.4 Middlle School

2.Which of the following was not the problem some firemakers met?

  A.They didn’t know how to keep fire burning.

  B.They spent a long time in making a fire.

  C.The fire kept going out.

  D.They didn’t have enough corn leaves and old newspapers.

3.We can infer that Huang Lanye was a ___in their group

A.buyer  B.firemaker  C.washer  D.cook

4.According to the passage,we can know____.

A.only ten students were titled “King of Cooking” in this competition

B.the “King of Cooking” competition has been held once every year in the past six years

C.Wang Xiaoyue  was  titled  a “King  of  Cooking”  in  this  competition

D.Beijing No.4 Middle School has been encouraging students to take part in all kinds of competitions

 

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