Swedish master medical photographer Lennart Nilsson is a pioneer in medical photography．In association with researchers and with the help of advanced, specially designed equipment, he has documented the inside of man down to the level of a cell with his camera.
Born in Strängnäs, a satellite city of Stockholm, in 1922, Nilsson got his first camera from his father when he was 11 years old．From the early stage, he has been interested in looking at ants and taking photos of them.Throughout the years, he has devoted special attention to capturing the creation of a human being, from conception to birth.
In 2006 when his photo book Life was published in both Swedish and English, he was invited to give a lecture at the Stockholm bookstore．He vividly described to the public how he took the photos so that the development process of the embryo can be understood better．Finally when he was signing his name in the book, I asked him what made him so passionate about working on this, he stopped writing and thought for a second, “I think it is the respect for life,” Nilsson said.
Nilsson began his career as a photographic journalist in the middle of the 1940s and published a number of photo-essays in Swedish and foreign magazines, including "Polar Bear Hunting in Spitzbergen" (1947) and Midwife.
“When I went to the professor to take the embryo photo, I was looking around and then I saw something which was unbelievable, it was a tiny human embryo lies in a very special place, a 10-20 millimeter embryo with hands, arms and eyes, and I got a shock,” Nilsson said.
Nilsson began experimenting with new photographic techniques in the mid-1950s to report on the world of ants and life in the sea．His revealing macro-studies were published in his book on ants, Myror (1959), and in the Life in the Sea (1959), and in Close to Nature (1984)．In the 1960s special designed, very slim endoscopes (内窥镜))made it possible for him to photograph the blood vessels and the cavities (空洞) of the body with the necessary depth of field and, in 1970, he used a scanning electron microscope for the first time, he was also considered the pioneer for three dimension digital pictures of the body organs.
After his photographs of human embryo were published, he was encouraged to continue photographing the origins of human being.
Nilsson is very modest and sincere．At age of nearly 88, he is still cooperating with colleagues in Karolinska Institute where the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine is selected every year.
“He can forget all the other things when he is working and he is still working diligently,” Mrs Nilsson told People’s Daily Online.
【小题1】Why does Nilsson want to document the creation of a human being?

We already know the fastest, least expensive way to slow climate change: Use less energy. With a little effort, and not much money, most of us could reduce our energy diets by 25 percent or more—doing the Earth a favor while also helping our wallets. 

Not long ago, my wife, PJ, and I tried a new diet—not to lose a little weight but to answer an annoying question about climate change. Scientists have reported recently that the world is bending up even faster than predicted only a few years ago, and that the consequences could be severe if we don’t keep reducing emissions（排放）of carbon dioxide（CO₂）and other greenhouse gases that are trapping heat in our atmosphere.  21世纪We decided to try an experiment. For one month we recorded our personal emissions of CO₂^. . We wanted to see how much we could cut back, so we went on a strict diet. The average US household（家庭）produces about 150 pounds of CO₂ a day by doing common-place things like turning on air-conditioning or driving cars. That’s more than twice the European average and almost five times the global average, mostly because Americans drive more and have bigger houses. But how much should we try to reduce? For an answer, I checked with Tim Flannery, author of The Weather Makers: How Man Is Changing the Climate and What It Means for Life on Earth. In his book, he had challenged readers to make deep cuts in personal emissions to keep the world from reaching extremely important tipping points, such as the melting（融化）of the ice sheets in Greenland or West Antarctica. “To stay below that point, we need to reduce CO₂ emissions by 80 percent,” he said. 

Good advice, I thought. I’d opened our bedroom windows to let in the wind. We’d gotten so used to keeping our air-conditioning going around the clock. I’d almost forgotten the windows even opened. We should not let this happen again. It’s time for us to change our habits if necessary. 

1. Why did the author and his wife try a new diet?

A. To take special kinds of food          B. To respond to climate change. 

C. To lose weight                      D. To improve their health

2.The underlined words “tipping points” most probably refer to  .

A. freezing points       B. burning points       C. melting points     D. boiling points

3.It can be inferred from the passage that 2___.   ..

A. it is necessary to keep the air-conditioning on all the time ..

B. it seems possible for every household to cut emissions of CO₂

C. the average US household produces about 3,000 pounds of CO₂ a month.

D. the average European household produces about 1,000 pounds of CO₂ a month.

4.Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?

 A. Saving Energy Starts at Home         B. Changing Our Habits Begins at work

 C. Changing Climate Sounds Reasonable  D. Reducing Emissions of CO₂ Proves Difficult    

第二节  完形填空 （ 共20小题， 每小题1.5分， 满分30分）

     阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36---55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

      There was a woman in Detroit,  36  had two sons. She was worried  37  them, especially 38  younger one, Ben, because he was not doing well in school. Boys in his class  39  jokes on him because he seemed so  40 . The mother  41  that she would herself get her sons to do  42  in school. She told them to go to the Detroit Public Library to  43  a book a week and do a book report for her.

One day, in Ben’s  44,  the teacher held up a rock(岩石)and asked if anyone  45  it. Ben put up his hand and the teacher let him  46.  “Why did Ben raise his hand?” all of his  47  whispered (低声耳语) and wondered. “He  48  said anything. What could he possibly want to say?”

  Well, Ben not only  49  the rock, but also said a lot about it. He  50  other rocks in its groups and even knew  51  the teacher had found it. The teacher and the students were  52  .Ben had learned all this from doing one of his book 53.

  Ben later went on to the  54  of his class. When he finished high school, he went to Yale University and  55  became one of the best doctors in the United States.

36.            A. which                     B. who                    C. that                    D. whom

37.            A. on                          B. with                    C. about                  D. in

38.            A. the                         B. an                       C. a                        D. /

39.            A. played                    B. spoke                  C. got                     D. showed

40.            A. clever                     B. hard                    C. slow                   D. quick

41.            A. seemed                   B. decided               C. answered             D. told

42.            A. well                      B. bad                     C. right                   D. good

43.            A. see                         B. find                    C. read                    D. buy

44.            A. class                       B. room                  C. office                  D. lab

45.            A. told                        B. knew                  C. wrote                  D. said

46.            A. think                      B. leave                   C. ask                     D. answer

47.            A. classmates               B. students               C. teacher                D. mother

48.            A. always                    B. ever                    C. sometimes           D. never

49.            A. found                     B. played                 C. knew                  D. heard

50.            A. said                        B. told                    C. called                 D. named

51.            A. whether                  B. what                   C. where                 D. why

52.            A. afraid                     B. surprised             C. worried               D. unhappy

53.            A. pictures                  B. exercises             C. shops                  D. reports

54.            A. top                         B. end                     C. back                   D. front

55.            A. at first                    B. at the end            C. at last            D. now

Only when class began ______that he had left his book at home．

B
“It was all his own idea, ” says Pat Peters, the 38-year-old wife of Palo Alto, California high school football coach Bob Peters, 39. Bob had just drawn up a “motherhood contract” --a document stating that for 70 days this summer he would take over the care and feeding of the couple’s four children, plus all household chores. Although he didn’t even know how to make coffee when he signed, he was quite confident.(He thought the experience would make a nice book.)
After 40 of the 70 days, he was ready to give up. “I was beaten down, completely humbled（挫败的）,”  admits Peters. Three weeks later he spoke to the local press, stating, “Not only is motherhood a difficult task, not only is it never-ending, it is an impossible job for any normal human being.”
Bob and Pat were high school sweethearts. After they were married in 1960, she worked as a secretary to help put him through university. Since then Bob has been the football and wrestling coach at Palo Alto’s Cubberley High while Pat raised the kids. Then two years ago Pat went back to work as a secretary at Cubberley. “I had been around children so much,” she sighs, “I couldn’t talk to a grown-up.” She continued to run the household, however----until Bob signed the contract, therefore, she decided to relax and enjoy it. 
Although Peters had consulted(咨询) with his school’s home economics teachers and the head of the cafeteria, his meals were sometimes a disaster. “I tried to slip the butter I’d forgotten under the eggs after they were frying, ” he says. For the last three weeks, the family ate out a lot—sometimes having Macdonald’s hamburgers for lunch and dinner.
As for housekeeping, a home economics teacher had told Bob that a room always looks clean if the bed is made. “I found an easier way-I shut the doors, ” he says. Soon the kids were wearing the same clothes for a week. “I made them wear their shirts inside out, and when we went to pick up Pat at work they turned them right side out so they would look clean.”
Now that Bob has publicly admitted he was wrong, he is routinely sharing the child-raising and household tasks with Pat. The tentative（暂时的） title of his book about the summer is taken from something he shouted at the kids one day.
45. The couple signed the contract because _______.
A. Pat complained a lot about her doing the housework all by herself
B. Bob loved taking care of children and wanted his wife to have a good rest
C. they agreed that husband and wife should share household tasks
D. Bob thought it easy to take care of the family and wanted the experience for a book
46. It was agreed that if Bob failed to keep to the contract, he would have to _______.
A. pay a certain amount of money
B.  admit publicly he was wrong about motherhood 
C. say sorry to his wife         D. do all the housework for years
47. What can we learn about Pat Peters?
A. She was hard-working and selfless.   B. She was pretty and kind-hearted.
C. She was tired of the child-raising and household tasks.
D. She did not love Bob any longer.
48. Which of the following can best end the news story?
A. “Wait till your mother gets home!”    B. “My experience of being a mother.”
C. “I’m proud of you all, my dear!”     D. “Motherhood: an impossible job for anyone.”