The baby monkey is much more developed at birth than the human baby. Almost from the moment it is born, the baby monkey can move around and hold tightly to its mother. During the first few days of its life the baby will approach and hold onto almost any large, warm, and soft object in its environment, particularly if that object also gives it milk. After a week or m, however, the baby monkey begins to avoid newcomers and focuses its attentions on “mother" 一 the real mother or the mother-substitute (母亲替代树).

During the first two weeks of its life warmth is perhaps the most important psychological (心理的) thing that a monkey mother has to give to its baby. The Harlows, a couple who are both psychologists, discovered this fact by offering baby monkeys a choice of two types of mother-substitutes 一 one covered with cloth 4nd one made of bare wire. If the two artificial mothers were both the same temperature, the little monkeys always preferred the cloth mother. However, if the wire model was heated, while the cloth model was cool, for the first two weeks after birth the baby monkeys picked the warm wire mother-substitutes as their fuvorites. Thereafter they switched and spent most of their time on the mw comfortable cloth mother.

Why is cloth preferable to bare wire? Something that the Harlows called contact (接級) comfort seems to be the answer, and a most powerful influence it is. Baby monkeys spend much of their time rubbing against their mothers' skins, putting themselves in as close contact with the parent as they can. Whenever the young animal is frightened, disturbed, or annoyed, it typically rushes to its mother and rubs itself against her body. Wire doesn't “rub" as well as does soft cloth. Prolonged (长时间的) “contact comfort" with a cloth mother appears to give the babies confidence and is much more rewarding to them than is cither warmth or milk.

According to the Harlows, the basic quality of baby’s love for its mother is trust. If the baby is put into an unfamiliar playroom without its mother, the baby ignores the toys no nutter how interesting they might be. It screams in terror and curls up into a furry little ball. If its cloth mother it now introduced into the playroom, the baby rushed to it and holds onto it for dear life. After a few minutes of contact comfort, it obviously begins to feel more secure. it then climbs down from the mother-substitute and begins to explore the toys, but often rushes back for a deep embrace (拥抱) as if to make sure that its mother is still there and that all is well. Bit by bit its fears of the new environment are gone and it spends more and more time playing with the toys and less and less time holding onto its “mother.”

50. Psychologically, what does the baby monkey desire most during the first two weeks of its life?

A. Warmth.             B. Milk.                C. Contact.            D. Trust.

51. After the first two weeks of their life, baby monkeys prefer the cloth mother to the wire mother because the former is ______.

A. larger in size                                     B. closer lo them

C. less frightening and less disturbing      D. more comfortable to rub against

52. Whal docs the baby monlcry probably gain from prolonged Mcontact comfort"?

A. Altenlion.                                        B. Softness.

C. Confidence.                                     D. Interest.

53. It can be inferred that when the baby monkey feels sccure, ______.

A. it frequently niftheft back for a deep embrace when exploring the toys

B. it spends more time screaming to get rewards

C. il is less attracted to the toys though they are interesting

D. it cares less alxnii whether itA mother is still around

54. Hie main purpose of ihc passage is to ______.

A. give the reasons for (he experiment

B. present the findings of the experiment

C. introduce the method of the experiment

D. describe the process of the experiment

When I was a puppy, I entertained you and made you laugh. Whenever I was "bad", you'd 36 me and ask, "How could you?"一but then you'd relent(变温和），and 　37 me over for a belly rub.

　　 My housetraining took a little longer than 　38 , because you were terribly busy, but we 39 on that together. We went for long walks in the park and 　40 rides in the suburbs. We stopped for ice cream. I took long naps(小睡）in the sun waiting for you to come home at the 　41 of the day.

　42 . you began spending more time at work and on your career, and more time 　43 a human mate. Eventually, you fell in love. She, now your wife, is not a "dog-person", but still I was 　44 　because you were happy.

　 Then the human babies came 　45 and I shared your excitement. I was 　46 by their pinkness, how they smelled, and I wanted to mother them too. Your wife was 　47 I would hurt them. But nevertheless, 　48 they began to grow, I became their friend. I loved them and they loved me.

　 Then you didn't want me 　49 . You had a better job in a new city. The apartment building in which you were living didn't 　50 pets. You told your wife that it was the dog pound(动物收容所）that was suitable for me.

　 I was excited about the car ride until we arrived at the dog pound. It smelled of dogs and cats, of fear and 　51 ．You filled out the paperwork and said, "I know you will find a good home for her." They shrugged and gave you a pained look. The children were in 　52 as they waved me goodbye.

　 Is it better to live with hope or without hope? Sometimes when I hear human 　53 , I think it is you, or perhaps another human who will love me. It 　54 is. Then I feel terrible. Visitors are only interested in puppy dogs, not old-timers like me.

　 My beloved 　55 , I will think of you and wait for you forever. I hope you receive more loyalty(忠诚）from your family than I showed to you.

36. A. praise　　　　　　　　 B. question　　　　　　　　　 C. scold　　　　　　　 D. touch

37. A. throw　　　　　　　　 B. roll　　　　　　　　　　　　　 C. catch　　　　　　　 D. chase

38. A. ever　　　　　　　　　 B. expected　　　　　　　　　 C. before　　　　　　　 D. necessary

39. A. turned　　　　　　　　 B. focused　　　　　　　　　 C. moved　　　　　　　　　　 D. worked

40. A. car　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. truck　　　　　　　　　　　 C. horse　　　　　　　 D. dog

41．A. beginning　　　　 B. middle　　　　　　　　　　 C. end　　　　　　　　　 D. time

42. A. Generally　　　　　 B. Fortunately　　　　　　　 C. Hopefully　　　　 D. Gradually

43. A. working with　　　 B. searching for　　　　　 C. dealing with　　　 D. asking after

44. A. happy　　　　　　　　 B. disappointed　　　　　　 C. sad　　　　　　　　　 D. relaxed

45. A. round　　　　　　　　 B. over　　　　　　　　　　　　 C. along　　　　　　　 D. on

46. A. fascinated　　　　　 B. shocked　　　　　　　　　 C. astonished　　　　 D. embarrassed

47. A. sure　　　　　　　　　 B. aware　　　　　　　　　　　 C. informed　　　　　 D. afraid

48. A. as　　　　　　　　　　　 B. because　　　　　　　　　 C. before　　　　　　　 D. though

49. A. anyway　　　　　　　 B. anyhow　　　　　　　　　 C. somewhat 　　　 D. anymore

50. A. receive　　　　　　　 B. forbid　　　　　　　　　　　 C. allow　　　　　　　 D. need

51．A. excitement　　　　 B. warmth　　　　　　　　　 C. homelessness　　 D. wilderness

52. A. danger　　　　　　　 B. terror　　　　　　　　　　　 C. tears　　　　　　　　 D. hopes

53. A. sounds　　　　　　　 B. footsteps　　　　　　　　 C. songs　　　　　　　 D. talks

54. A. always　　　　　　　 B. sometimes　　　　　　　 C. seldom　　　　　　 D. never

55. A. master　　　　　　　 B. visitor　　　　　　　　　　 C. friend　　　　　　　 D. companion

书面表达

  世界戒烟日那天，你在SSP报上发表了你的一篇文章，内容如下：

    1．吸烟危害我们的健康，如减少Vc、身体变弱、引发多种疾病。

    2．你爸爸曾吸烟，每早起床前咳嗽不止，并多次戒烟失败。

    3．学习"Smoking"一文后，向父亲解释吸烟的后果，父亲戒烟成功，身体也更强壮了。

4．希望刚开始吸烟的人赶快戒烟。

    注意：1．不能逐字翻译。

　　　　  2．字数100左右。

  世界戒烟日那天，你在SSP报上发表了你的一篇文章，内容如下：

    1．吸烟危害我们的健康，如减少Vc、身体变弱、引发多种疾病。

    2．你爸爸曾吸烟，每早起床前咳嗽不止，并多次戒烟失败。

    3．学习"Smoking"一文后，向父亲解释吸烟的后果，父亲戒烟成功，身体也更强壮了。

4．希望刚开始吸烟的人赶快戒烟。

    注意：1．不能逐字翻译。

　　　　  2．字数100左右。

假如你是李华，班会课上你们进行了以“中学生是否能佩带手机”为题的讨论。请你结合以下材料给英语周报社的编辑写一封信，说明该情况，并附带表明你自己的观点。

注意：1.要包含所有的要点，但不要逐条翻译；

2.字数约100字。

3.信的开头和结尾已写好

词汇：辐射  radiation ；奢侈品luxurious；

Dear Sir,

I'm writing to tell you something about our discussion on the topic“Whether Middle School Students Can Carry Mobile phones (Cell phones)" at the class meeting.

Best wishes.

                                                                                        Yours

                                Lihua