Modern society cannot well do without the contribution that women can make in the professions and other kinds of work. There is a serious shortage of nurses and teachers, to mention only two of the occupations followed by women. It is a waste to give years of training at public expense only to have the qualified teacher or nurse marry after a year or two and be lost forever to her profession. The training, it is true, will help her in her duties as a mother, but if she continued to work, her service would be more widely useful. Many factories and shops, too, are largely staffed by women, many of them married. While here the question of training is not so important, industry and trade would be seriously short of staff if married women did not work.

We can see then that there are good reasons for regarding it as desirable that married women should have some occupation outside the home. However, there are serious objections. Schools do not keep children occupied the whole day and school holidays are long. The mother’s working day will almost certainly end well after the school day and her holiday will not begin at the same time as her children’s. There will be therefore a period when children are not taken care of unless a substitute for the mother can be found, or unless it becomes more generally possible for women to work part-time. There seem to be some grounds for believing that there is more bad behavior among the children of working mothers than among those of mothers who stay at home, but more evidence is required before we can be certain of this. What we can be certain of, however, is that many more will continue to do so.

1.According to the writer, women nurses and teachers ought to carry on their occupation after marriage because______.

  A. they are not allowed to give up their jobs          

B. their training should not be wasted

  C. they want to make a living by themselves        

D. they must still improve themselves as mothers

2.According to the writer, one possible way for the children of working mothers to be attended to is that________.

   A. schools keep children occupied the whole day   

B. their mothers change their occupation

   C. their mothers do not work full time            

D. their mothers should stay at home

3.The clause “unless a substitute for the mother can be found” means_______.

   A. if someone takes over the mother’s occupation 

B. if no mother works all day

   C. if no one takes care of the children for the mother

   D. if someone takes care of the children for the mother

4.The writer believes that bad behavior among the children of mothers who do not work is _________ among the children of working mothers.

   A. possibly less than   B. about the same as      

C. a little greater than   D. certainly more than

In this section, we will briefly describe possible ways of reducing the costs and risks ______ in doing this.

A．involving          B．involved          C．to involve         D．being involved

B

He was an old man who fished alone in a boat in the Gulf Stream and he had gone eighty-four days now without taking a fish. In the first forty days a boy had been with him. But after forty days without a fish the boys parents had told him that the old man was now definitely salao and he finally would be so. The boy had gone at their orders in another boat which caught three good fish the first week. It made the boy sad to see the old man come in each day with his skiff empty and he always went down to help him carry either the coiled lines or the gaff(鱼钩) and harpoon(鱼叉) and the sail that as rolled around the mast(桅杆). The sail was patched with flour bags and, rolled, it looked like the flag of permanent defeat.

The old man was very thin with deep wrinkles in the back of his neck. The brown blotches(斑点) of the skin cancer the sun brings from its reflection on the tropic sea were on his cheeks. The blotches ran well down the sides of his face and his hands had the deep-creased scars from handing heavy fish on the cords. But none of these scars were fresh. They were as old as erosions in a fishless desert. Everything about him was old expect his eyes and they were the same color as the sea and were cheerful and undefeated.

“Santiago,” the boy said to him as they climbed the bank from where the boat was pulled up. “I could go with you again. We’ve made some money.” The old man had taught the boy to fish and the boy loved him.

“No,” the old man said. “But we have. Haven’t we?

“Yes,” the boy said. “Can I offer you a beer on the Terrance and then we’ll take the stuff home.”

“Why not?” said the old man, “between fisherman.”

55. The underlined word “salao” in the first paragraph probably means ________.

A. lonely               B. unlucky             C. selfish               D. stubborn

56. The boy left the old man and went in another boat to fish because _______.

A. the old man preferred to fish alone  B. the old man was poor

C. the boy’s parents ordered him to     D. the old man’s sail suggested a permanent defeat

57. After reading this passage, we may safely conclude that ________.

A. the old man was insistent and not afraid of failure

B. the boy’s papa had confidence in everything

C. the old man caught big fishes because he had some doubts about the old man

D. the boy obeyed his father because he had some doubts about the old man

58. What might happen after the last paragraph?

A. The old man and the boy might go to fish with other fishermen.

B. The old man might go to have a drink with the boy.

C. The old man and the old might go to enjoy beer at the old man’s home.

D. The old man might go to tell the boy’s papa about the secrets between fishermen.

When we got up this morning, we found the sun rose, ____ it always does, in a clear sky.

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多于选项。

When a starving man gets a meal, he begins to think about an overcoat; when an executive gets a new sports car, visions of country clubs and pleasure beats dance into view.

The many wants of mankind might be regarded as making up several levels.     .

The first and most basic level of wants involves food. Once this want is satisfied, a second level of wants appears: clothing and some sort of shelter. By the end of World War II these wants were satisfied for a great majority of Americans. It included such items as automobiles and new houses.

By 1957 or 1958 this third level of wants was fairly well satisfied. Then, in the late 1950s a fourth level of wants appeared: the “life-enriching” level. While the other levels involve physical satisfaction－the feeding, comfort, safety, and transportation of the human body－this level stresses mental needs for recognition, achievement and happiness. It includes a variety of goods and services, many of which could be called “luxury” items. Among them are vacation trips, the best medical care, and entertainment.    

One this level, a greater percentage of consumer spending goes to services, while on the first three levels more is spent on goods. Will consumers raise their sights to a fifth level of wants as their income increases, or will they continue to demand luxuries and personal services on the fourth level?

A fifth level probably would involve wants that can be achieved best by community action. Consumers may be spending more on taxes to pay for government action against disease, ignorance, crime and prejudice.   In this way, we can enjoy more fully the good things on the first four levels.

A. Then a third level appeared.

B. Human wants seem endless.

C. When there is money enough to satisfy one level of wants, another level appears.

D. There are several levels of wants in one’s life.

E. At this stage, we now may seek to ensure the health, safety, and leisure.

F. Also included here are fancy foods and the latest styles in clothing.

G. Different people have different wants on each level.