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The link between environment and poverty is central to that great race for sustainability. It is a pity, then, that several powerful fallacies (谬论) keep getting in the way of sensible debate. One popular myth is that trade and economic growth make poor countries' environmental problems worse: Growth, it is said, brings with it urbanization, higher energy consumption and industrialization —all factors that contribute to pollution and pose health risks.
Another common view is that poor countries should pollute now and clean up later. Certainly poor countries should not be made to adopt American or European environmental standards. But there is evidence to suggest that poor countries can and should try to tackle some environmental problems now, rather than wait till they have become richer.
One powerful—and until recently ignored—weapon in the fight for a better environment is local people. Much academic research has shown that the poor are often victims of resource depletion (损耗) : it tends to be rich locals or outsiders who are responsible for the worst exploitation (开发). Local people usually have a better knowledge of local ecological conditions than experts in faraway capitals, as well as a direct interest in improving the quality of life in their village.
1. From the first paragraph we can learn that——.
A. in developing countries 6 million people die from environmental factors each year
B. in developing countries 3 million people lose their lives each year because of water shortage
C. in developing countries environmental factors are the biggest cause for abnormal death
D. in developing countries more people die from malnutrition
2. According to the author, which of the following contributes most to environmental problems in poor countries?
A. poverty B. urban air pollution
C. water-related diseases D. rich locals and outsiders
3. The main idea of Para. 3 is
A. poor countries should pollute now and clean up later
B. poor countries should take environmental problems seriously as early as possible
C. poor countries should follow American or European environmental standards
D. some poor countries hold a false guideline in tackling environmental problems
4. According to the author, people who can play an important role in tackling environmental problems are ——.
A. rich locals B outsiders
C. local residents D environmental experts
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Hi Cindy,
Please don’t worry if you feel a little strange around boys. You are in the process of 1
from a little girl into a young woman and there are 2 called hormones(荷尔蒙)that are changing not only your body but your 3 . For example, you say you used to feel at ease 4 boys and you would usually run and fight one another for 5 . That was Cindy, the little girl. Cindy, the 6 woman doesn’t want to fight boys or even run with them 7 your interests are changing. That is what is making you feel strange and it is also 8 to the other girls around you and also to the boys. Your life is 9 a different stage but you should understand that this is 10 normal, and something that will pass quickly.
I think you should again try to 11 around boys. You can still talk with them about 12 your like including sports, movies, web sites and celebrities (名人). I 13 that you not try to fight with them, however, because the 14 are becoming much bigger and stronger. I think you will find that you will 15 being with boys but that your feelings will be different from the 16 they used to be. I know you are not supposed to have a 17 while you are still in school in China, but if you start to find some boys very handsome and you are strongly 18 to some of them, don’t be surprised, 19 , this is all very normal. For now, you should 20 your school work, though you will find that some boys are attracted to you. This will be a new adventure for you and my best advice is to relax and enjoy it.
Good luck,
Brad
1. A. starting B. surviving C. changing D. ranging
2. A. cells B. nutritions C. objects D. chemicals
3. A. head B. mind C. life D. study
4. A. against B. for C. with D. without
5. A. fun B. honor C. good D. praise
6. A. brave B. young C. smart D. unique
7. A. before B. when C. until D. because
8. A. referring B. appealing C. happening D. pointing
9. A. setting B. entering C. reflecting D. representing
10. A. perfectly B. possibly C. hardly D. nearly
11. A. play B. fool C. date D. relax
12. A. somebody B. anybody C. anything D. something
13. A. demand B. recommend C. command D. determine
14. A. girls B. adults C. kids D. boys
15. A. enjoy B. hate C. avoid D. regret
16. A. model B. standard C. way D. style
17. A. girlfriend B. boyfriend C. degree D. job
18. A. attracted B. opposed C. exposed D. accustomed
19. A. Rather B. Besides C. Afterwards D. Again
20. A. depend on B. decide on C. concentrate on D. agree on
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Hi Cindy,
Please don’t worry if you feel a little strange around boys．You are in the process of 1
from a little girl into a young woman and there are 2 called hormones（荷尔蒙）that are changing not only your body but your 3 ．For example, you say you used to feel at ease 4 boys and you would usually run and fight one another for 5 ．That was Cindy, the little girl, Cindy the 6 woman doesn’t want to fight boys or even run with them 7 your interests are changing．That is what is making you feel strange and it is also 8 to the other girls around you and also to the boys．Your life is 9 a different stage but you should understand that this is （a） 10 normal, and（b） something that will pass quickly.
I think you should again try to 11 around boys．You can still talk with them about 12 your like including sports, movies, web sites and celebrities （名人）．I 13 that you not try to fight with them, however, because the 14 are becoming much bigger and stronger．I think you will find that you will 15 being with boys but that your feelings will be different from the 16 they used to be．I know you are not supposed to have a 17 while you are still in school in China, but if you start to find some boys very handsome and you are strongly 18 to some of them, don’t be surprised, 19 , this is all very normal．For now, you should 20 your school work, though you will find that some boys are attracted to you．This will be a new adventure for you and my best advice is to relax and enjoy it.
Good luck,
Brad
1．A．starting B．surviving C．changing D．ranging
2．A．cells B．nutritions C．objects D．chemicals
3．A．head B．mind C．life D．study
4．A．against B．for C．with D．without
5．A．fun B．honor C．good D．praise
6．A．brave B．young C．smart D．unique
7．A．before B．when C．until D．because
8．A．referring B．appealing C．happening D．pointing
9．A．setting B．entering C．reflecting D．representing
10．A．perfectly B．possibly C．hardly D．nearly
11．A．play B．fool C．date D．relax
12．A．somebody B．anybody C． anything D．something
13．A．demand B．recommend C．command D．determine
14．A．girls B．adults C．kids D．boys
15．A．enjoy B．hate C．avoid D．regret
16．A．model B．standard C．way D．style
17．A．girlfriend B．boyfriend C．degree D．job
18．A．attracted B．opposed C．exposed D．accustomed
19．A．Rather B．Besides C．Afterwards D．Again
20．A．depend on B．decide on C．concentrate on D．agree on
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| The last time I saw my mother, she didn’t know who I was. Although having 1 from dementia(老年痴呆症) for many years, mother was never 2 . All our family came to the hospital to spend time with her. She didn’t 3 them either, but we wanted to be there with her. I have just flown back from Texas. Mother 4 looked at me, or past me, and said “Yeah”. That’s 5 she responded to 6 around her. In spite of this, I held her hand and talked to her. I told her about the big old house in Highland where I 7 . When we first 8 there from Mascoutah when I was 5 years old, I was 9 of that house. The yard was full of 10 and the house was falling apart. But my father and mother were intelligent and 11 and we eight kids helped to turn it into a home. All of a sudden, I wasn’t frightened any more. I told her she must have been very 12 when I decided to go to college to study journalism 13 being a priest（牧师）, which she thought was the highest 14 for a family. But she didn’t show it. She just saw me 15 with my favorite chocolate chip cookies. When I told her all about Texas, 16 she and father had been to visit me, mother seemed 17 by that Texas beach on which they had taken a 18 . She 19 the trip and kept the picture in the living room all the time. We had too many stories to tell. It was time for me to say 20 to mother and I told her I’d see her again. “Yeah,” she answered. But I wasn’t able to. 1. A. recovered B. suffered C. damaged D. lived 2. A. healthy B. awake C. unconscious D. alone 3. A. see B. understand C. recognize D. like 4. A. never B. just C. excitedly D. seldom 5. A. because B. when C. how D. what 6. A. somewhere B. everywhere C. something D. everything 7. A. experienced B. grew up C. brought up D. worked 8. A. moved B. visited C. left D. withdrew 9. A. fond B. afraid C. curious D. tired 10. A. weeds B. flowers C. trees D. waste 11. A. fortunate B. easy-going C. hospitable D. hard-working 12. A. disappointed B. excited C. surprised D. anxious 13. A. as well as B. instead of C. except for D. in spite of 14. A. praise B. prize C. honor D. encouragement 15. A. away B. out C. about D. off 16. A. which B. that C. where D. when 17. A. delight B. interested C. happy D. impressed 18. A. note B. boat C. picture D. bath 19. A. enjoyed B. hated C. remembered D. accounted 20. A. thanks B. goodbye C. sorry D. hello |
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When my son unexpectedly volunteered for the Marines（美国海军陆战队）, I was busy writing my novels and giving little thought to the men and women in the army .
My son John Schaeffer, recently came home 1 from the Middle East. He slowly appeared from a broken car. John 2 all night from a base near Washington, 3 he had landed the day before. He did not want me to 4 him there. “I need time to myself,” my son said 5 calling from Kuwait on the way home.
I gave my wife a head start. Mother 6 son. “I was so worried,” Genie said. She pulled away to look up again and again to 7 he was really there.
My wife gave me a great gift: 8 alone with my boy. John was tired and lay 9 on his bed. I lay down next to him and was grasping his hand the whole time. I just wanted to be certain that the nightmares I’d had about John being killed were 10 .
I kept holding my son, the way I 11 when he was two and came into our bed after a 12 dream. I asked John if he’d rather sleep than talk, and he said there would be time for 13 later.
With the 14 over, under and around me came incredible tiredness. I slept with his voice dying away. It was the first good 15 I’d had in months. I woke and John was asleep next to me. Sitting by his bed watching him breathe, I found myself praying and 16 for all the fathers, mothers, sons, daughters, husbands and wives of those who were not coming home. For the first time in my life, I was weeping for 17 .
Before my son went to war I would never have shed tears for them. My son 18 me. He taught me that our men and women in uniform are not the “ 19 ”. They are our sons, daughters, brothers and sisters. Sometimes shedding tears for strangers is a holy 20 . Sometimes it’s all we can do.
1. A. angry B. excited C. frightened D. alive
2. A. drove B. was driving C. had driven D.would have driven
3. A. where B. when C. which D. who
4. A. meet B. congratulate C. permit D. accept
5. A. once B. when C. unless D. since
6. A. abandoned B. patted C. concluded D. embraced
7. A. make sure B. set down C. get across D. make sense
8. A. period B. chance C. time D. moment
9. A. expanded B. stretched C. extending D. spreading
10. A. facts B. truth C. proofs D. lies
11. A. used to B. ought to C. should D. must
12. A. happy B. cheerful C. scary D. dull
13. A. advice B. discussion C. talk D. sleep
14. A. chat B. worries C. meeting D. curiosity
15. A. conversation B. observation C. sleep D. difficulty
16. A. crying B. cursing C. screaming D. regretting
17. A. friends B. neighbors C. strangers D. soldiers
18. A. persuaded B. changed C. frightened D. accused
19. A. another B. other C. others D. one
20. A. function B. adventure C. shame D. duty
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