The bad news made everyone in the classroom discourage.

The bad new _________ __________ everyone in the classroom.

The fourth round of heavy smog to hit Beijing in four weeks has sent more people to the hospital with respiratory（呼吸的） illnesses and led to calls for laws to control the pollution.
Pan Shiyi, a celebrity real estate developer said he is planning to propose (提案) a Clean Air Act to the local government. As a representative to the Beijing Municipal People's Congress, he started an online survey at 9:20 a.m. Within three hours, more than 25,000 web users, or 99 percent of total respondents（应答者）, welcomed his proposal on Sina Weibo, China's Twitter.
They have good reasons to stand alongside Pan. The latest round of haze（雾霾）reduced visibility to under 500 meters in many parts of the city. The smog has also led to a great increase in respiratory illnesses, particularly among children and the elderly. Anxious parents and doctors almost all blame the smoggy air for the illnesses. Though most schoolchildren are home for the winter holidays, the bad air can easily move indoors. Besides, ordinary medical masks fail to provide adequate protection, so some people have turned to gas masks and respirators（呼吸器）.
The causes of the scary smog are rather mysterious, though experts blame excessive emissions and the mountains around Beijing that trap pollution in winter, unless there is adequate wind to clear it away. Some critics have pointed fingers at China’s top two oil firms, China National Petroleum Corp and China Petrochemical Corporation, saying the companies’ outdated production technologies produce large quantities of substandard, high-polluting gas fuel.
Meanwhile, concerned Beijingers have moved their brainstorming sessions to cyberspace. If Pan’s proposal for a Clean Air Act is adopted, netizens say the new law should include items providing for “car-free days” in times of smog, higher standards for vehicle fuel, stricter restrictions on industrial and exhaust gas emissions, and more effective protection for the public.
Beijing is not the only city that has ever lost the blue sky. Five days of thick fog caused thousands of deaths in Britain in December 1952, urging the government to pass the first Clean Air Act in 1956, which introduced smokeless zones and cleaner fuels to reduce pollution. That may provide some experience for Beijing to refer to.
【小题1】What can we learn from the passage?

Do you know what your child is going to do when the school bell rings at the end of the day? More than 14 million students leave school every afternoon and have nowhere to go, since they do not have access to(使用) affordable after­school opportunities. According to the National Youth Violence Prevention Resource Center (NYVPRC), 90% of the Americans think all youths should have access to after­school programs(课外活动项目), but two­thirds of parents say they have trouble finding programs locally. The bad news is that the situation may be getting worse.

After­school hours are the peak time for juvenile crimes and risky behaviors, including alcohol(酒精) and drug(药物) use. NYVPRC states that children who do not spend any time in after­school activities are 49 percent more likely to use drugs and 37 percent more likely to become a teen parent. Kids are also at the highest risk of becoming a victim of violence after school, particularly between the hours of 2 p.m. and 6 p.m. The highest amount of juvenile crime occurs between 3 p.m. and 4 p.m., when most children are dismissed from school(放学).

The NYVPRC defines after­school programs as safe and structured activities that offer children opportunities to learn new skills. The skills students learn can range from technology and math to reading and art. Some programs also offer opportunities for internship (实习), community service, or mentoring. These programs have been shown to improve academic achievement, as well as relieve the stresses(减压) on working families. A report by the U.S. Department of Education and the U.S Department of Justice shows that students in after­school programs have fewer behavioral problems and more self­confidence, and can handle conflicts better than students who are not involved with these programs. In addition, according to the Harvard Family Research Project, after­school programs help students from low income families overcome the inequities (不公平) they face in the school system.

1.Which of the following is TRUE according to the first paragraph?

A．Most parents don't believe in after­school programs.

B．Students are not willing to attend after­school programs.

C．It's difficult for parents to find after­school programs for their kids.

D．Parents don't care about where their children go after school.

2.The underlined word “juvenile” in Paragraph 2 has a similar meaning to  “________”.

A．student           B．teenager          C．adult             D．campus

3.We learn from the second paragraph that________.

A．the teachers should watch over kids after school

B．children are dismissed from school too late

C．after­school hours are a risky time for children

D．children should go home immediately school is over

4.The author of the passage probably________.

A．fully supports after­school programs

B．doubts the effects of after­school programs

C．believes structured activities are useless for children

D．thinks students today are too stressed

5.What is the theme of the passage?

A．Prevention of juvenile crimes.

B．Risks kids face after school.

C．A research report on the stresses of the students.

D．The benefits of after­school programs.

One of Britain's leading fee-paying schools, Wellington College, is to offer classes on happiness to fight against the negative influences in society caused by materialism (功利主义) and celebrity obsession (名誉崇拜), its headteacher announced.

Wellington school was founded in 1853 and currently has 750 boys aged 13 to 18 and 50 girls aged 16 plus. Fees range from 6,132 pounds per term for day pupils to 7,665 pounds per term for boarders.

"We are introducing classes on happiness," said Anthony Seldon, master of Wellington College. "We have been focusing too much on academics (学术) and missing something far more important."

A psychologist will oversee a pilot project teaching "happiness lessons" from the start of the next academic year. Pupils aged 14 to 16 will be given one lesson a week, learning skills such as how to manage relationships, physical and mental health, negative emotions and how to achieve one's ambitions.

The college's religious education staff will teach the course as a complement to, rather than a substitute for, usual religious education classes, said Seldon, who is also a political critic and author.

"To me, the most important job of any school is to turn out young men and women who are happy and secure (可靠的)." explained Seldon. "Celebrity, money and possessions are too often the touchstones for teenagers and yet these are not where happiness lies. Our children need to know that as societies become richer, they don't become happier -- a fact regularly shown by social science research."

5．Wellington school is to offer students classes on happiness because _____.

    A．students want to learn more about materialism and celebrity obsession

    B．students have poor knowledge about materialism and celebrity obsession

    C．students are often unhappy about the courses taught at school

    D．the school wants to smooth away the bad effects caused by materialism and celebrity obsession

6．Which statement is true according to the text?

    A．Wellington College has been focusing much attention on happiness lessons.

    B．Science research shows that the richer people are, the happier they will become.

    C．British teenagers often judge things by celebrity, money and possessions.

    D．Happiness lessons will take the place of religious education classes in college.

7．In happiness lessons, students learn the following except _____.

    A．how to get along with others

    B．how to become wealthy and famous

    C．how to get rid of negative emotion

    D．how to keep healthy both in physical and mental ways

8．The passage mainly talks about _____.

    A．new classes on happiness for British students

    B．something about Willington College 

    C．the British education system

    D．British teenagers’ attitude to life

It was just a windy January day here in the North East of Scotland. When I left home for the office where I worked in the next town, the weather forecasters said, “Windy and cold, but no rain.” However, by the time I was about to leave work in the early evening, it was pouring!
My office was close to the bus stop so that there was no problem; I just shot out the door and onto the bus. Unfortunately, once I got home to Montrose, I had about a mile to walk from the bus stop to my home.
As I stepped off the bus that night to walk home, I struggled to get my tiny umbrella to go up in the strong wind. It was obviously designed for a very light shower. Then, suddenly and to my amazement, I heard my mum’s voice.
“Quickly! Come under here, before you get soaked! ”
I nipped（跑） under my bigger umbrella and stared at mum in surprise. “What on earth are you doing here in this weather?” I asked her. My mum was eighty-three that year, and although fit and healthy, she did not usually like going out in strong wind and heavy rain. “You said to come round for tea tonight, but I came early before the rain got too heavy. Eric told me that your car was in for a service and I saw your big umbrella lying on the chair. Eric was on the phone, so I just picked it up and came out so that I could meet you and you would not get soaked!’’
My mum passed away the following year. This simple act remains in my mind, and reminds me how completely my mum loved me. She would not have gone out in the wind and rain for herself, but, at eighty-three, she never gave a second thought about the bad weather so I would not get wet.
【小题1】We can learn from the text that