Before building a house, you will have to ________ the government's permission.

1. A.
   get from
2. B.
   follow
3. C.
   receive
4. D.
   ask for

Tre’S mom，Christina Thompson, cannot believe how much her son already learned this year in his full-day, free pre-school class in Oklahoma City. “Since he’s been in school his vocabulary has increased surprisingly,” Thompson says. “The other day he came home and said, ‘You know what ，mom? You are being ridiculous，” Thompson laughs quietly. “And then he asked, ‘Do you know what ‘ridiculous’ means, mom?’” Tre knows the entire alphabet, his numbers to 100，and he’s starting to read. And letters and numbers aside, Thompson is most struck by how fast Tre is absorbing vocabulary and language.

Of course, not all pre-school is created equal. High quality pre-schools have well-trained, well-educated teachers in the classroom (much like Tre Thompson’s teacher Mrs. Wallace, who uses play-based learning to teach both academics and social skills and can rattle off (飞快说出） a battery of data on how well her students are progressing towards their year-end goals). Texas can also offer a model for educator development: its Texas School Ready! Campaign has proven to increase the quality of participating pre-schools by providing early childhood teachers with coaching, professional development, research-based curriculum (课程)，and progress monitoring. States and districts should also combine pre-school with the K-12 system, as Oklahoma does ，so that children enter kindergarten smoothly.

Oklahoma is one of the leading states in providing students like Tre with free ，full-day pre-school. And the results are already paying off: According to a 2012 study, Oklahoma kids that went through pre-school showed vocabulary gains 28% higher than those of children without pre-school, and math gains 44% higher than non-pre-school kids. And we know that high-quality pre-school doesn’t just mean higher scores in elementary school. They were more likely to have graduated from high school and less likely to have committed a violent crime. They also earned more money and were more likely to be employed.

We know pre-school works, so let’s stop talking and start building a system where all children have access to excellent early childhood education. As any well-educated four year old could tell us, not doing so would be ridiculous.

1.The case of Tre in the first paragraph serves as the evidence of______.

A.children’s disrespect towards parents

B.the bad performance of students at school

C.the positive effect of pre-school on children

D.Thompson’s doubt about her son’s education

2.At high quality pre-schools, children may learn by______

A. playing B. modelling      C. researching  D. monitoring

3.It can be inferred that______.

A.children can not enter kindergarten without pre-school

B.Oklahoma is the best state offering full-day pre-school

C.all pre-schools have well-trained, well-educated teachers

D.kids with pre-school may be better equipped for their future

4.What would be the best title for the passage?

A.Not all pre-school works

B.All pre-school is created equal

C.We owe our kids universal pre-school

D.Pre-school goes well with K-12 system

●           1.          

　　Home can be a great place for children to study. It’s important to provide a workspace of their own where they can read books or just write a letter to their friends。

●Location(位置)

　　       2.           Kitchen and dining room are not so well suited for regular study, since books and pens get in the way of the day-to-day uses of those areas. Set up a place where a child can settle in and leave papers and pens at band without having to clear everything away each night. For a child that likes being alone, set aside a corner of his bedroom, but keep it separate from things like games, music and other hobbies not related to studying。

●Keeping Things in Order

Parents should encourage their child to spread out, but to leave it neat and orderly when he isn’t using his workspace. Ownership is very important for self-respect       3.      .

The workplace should be personal, but not another part of the playroom。

●          4.          

Encourage the whole family to help build a supportive environment that children need for success in school. Give them a good example of how to deal with problems, how to manage time and get things done in the right way.

●       5.          Study will be more enjoyable and effective when supported by the whole family。

Animal moms are great moms. You might be surprised at some of these moms.

Octopuses (章鱼)

The mother octopus lays about 50,000 eggs. For about 300 days, she stays with the eggs, cleans them and protects them. She does not leave to feed. However, this animal mom dies as soon as the eggs are hatched (孵化).

Crocodiles(鳄鱼)

A crocodile mother puts a lot of time and effort into raising her babies. She starts by building a nest (巢), which she guards for over two months! When the eggs are ready to hatch, the young crocs call out to their mother, who digs them out and helps them hatch. She then carries them in her mouth down to the water, where she will guard them for several more weeks or months until they learn to hunt on their own.

Bats （蝙蝠）

Bats become moms by hanging head up in a cave, giving birth. Catching the youngster before it can fall to the ground below, she puts it in a pouch (育儿袋). Bat moms may carry babies with them when feeding for the first few days. As the little bats get bigger and heavier, moms help them hang on the wall of their caves and return often to feed them. It continues for about three weeks, until the babies are grown up and able to fly on their own.

Koalas (考拉)

The animal mom gives birth after a pregnancy (怀孕期) of only 35 days. The hairless baby climbs into its mother’s pouch and lives there for another five months. When the little koala is between five and eight months old, it leaves the pouch for short periods of time but returns for safety. Once it is too big to return to the pouch, it will climb onto its mother’s back and ride there until it is about 12 months old.

1.Which animal moms die when their babies are born?

A．Octopuses.        B．Crocodiles.        C．Bats.             D．Koalas.

2.A crocodile mother usually carries her baby to the water _____.

A．in her mouth       B．on her back        C．in her pouch       D．by her tail

3.A bat mom _____.

A．gives birth by lying in the nest

B．gives birth by hanging in a cave

C．leaves its babies in the pouch for months

D．lets its babies live on their own after birth

4.How long does the bat mom help to feed her babies?

A．About 3 days       B．About 3 weeks      C．About 13 weeks    D．About 3 months

5.How long does a young koala usually stay with its mom?

A．35 days.          B．5 months.         C．8 months.         D．12 months.

The number of accidents involving pedestrians (行人) wearing headphones is on the rise , a report suggests, causing fresh warning from road safety groups in Britain .

A US-based study found a total of 116 reports of death or injury to pedestrians wearing headphones between 2004 and 2011 , jumping from 16 in 2005 to 47 in 2011 .

Most victims were men (68%) and under the age of 30 (67%) , with around one in ten of all cases (9%) under the age of 18 .Some 89% of the cases occurred in urban areas and more than half (55%) of the victims were struck by trains .

Eighty-one of the 116 accidents (70%) resulted in the person’s death--- even though a warning was sounded in around a third of the cases .

The study concluded , “ The use of headphone may be a safety risk to pedestrians , especially in environments with moving vehicles（cars） . Further research is needed to determine if and how headphone use threatens pedestrian safety .” British road safety groups warned pedestrians to be careful.

Floor Lieshout , director of Youth For Road Safety , said, “ This study shows once more the importance of using all of our senses while we are near traffic . It is important that we find an attractive way to make youth learn about the risks of wearing headphones in traffic .”

Andrew Howard , who is the head of road safety at the Automobile Association , added that some pedestrians can be “so focused in their own little world they forget the world going on around them”.That can include headphone wearers , Howard said, but also people talking on phones.

However , Howard said that more researches needed to be done.

Earlier studies have shown that people wearing headphones or talking on phones can suffer “inattentional blindness” which makes them isolated (孤立) from the world around them .

Ian Harvey , at the charity Civic Voice , said that “ to defeat isolation and to help build a civic(文明的) society , people need to interact(交往) with each other .

He said , “ A basis for any civilized society is communication--- Surfing the web , listening to MP3s , reading blogs or sending e-mail is not interacting with a person; it’s interacting with a machine.

“If people feel socially isolated , they need to have more face-to-face interactions with other human beings and in time , will begin to feel happier and more connected to the world and place they live in .”

1.What does the text mainly discuss ?

A. Recent research on the risks to pedestrians

B. Safety problems caused by wearing headphones.

C. The advantages and disadvantages of headphones

D. Traffic accidents in the United States

2.We can learn from the Us-bases study that _________ .

A. most victims died in the accidents

B. most accidents were caused by cars

C. most accidents happened in the countryside

D. most victims are under eighteen

3.Howard will probably agree that ____________ .

A. it is safe if you wear headphones in a proper way

B. people wearing headphones are more likely to go blind

C. most people wear headphones because of loneliness

D. it is dangerous to talk on phones while walking

4.What Lan Harvey said shows the importance of ___________ .

A. beating isolation                 B. communication between people

C. building a civilized society         D. new technologies