Even a child knows that nodding the head means" Yes"．But some people will probably be puzzled（迷惑的）when they first come to India．When they talk to an Indian，he often shakes his head．They might think that the Indian does not like what he said，but on the contrary，he is expressing agreement．
The Indians have a habit of shaking their heads slightly when they talk to somebody．It doesn’t mean" No"，but" Yes"．
If a person doesn’t know this，it might cause misunderstanding（误解）．
At one time a foreigner in India told his driver who was an Indian to take him to his office．The driver shook his head．The foreigner said his request again and the driver still shook his head．At last，the foreigner shouted angrily，“Drive me to my office at once!” The driver said in a low voice，" Yes，sir，"smiling and shaking his head again at the same time．
【小题1】In general，nodding the head means and shaking the head means_____．

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Do you know what a castle is? A castle is a building special to Europe. Castles were built in the Middle Ages by king and other powerful people who live in. Castles were used by people to protect themselves from their enemies. They are big buildings made form stone and wood.

Today there are still castles all over Europe. Some are in ruins(废墟). But some built later are still in good repair and used even today. One example is Windsor Castle, which is a home to the British queen. It is in the country or Berkshire, not far from London.

Castles have walls around them. In the old days, soldiers would stand on the walls to guard the people in the castle. If enemies came they would shoot arrows(箭) and throw stones at them. Castles also had moats. A moat is a river around the wall that makes it difficult for enemies to get in. It could be either dry or filled with water.

Other people form younger countries love European castles. In the US there are rich people who have brought broken parts of castles to their country and rebuilt them. And some people build “replica” castles---modern copies of Castle.

You probably know the Disneyland Castle in California , US. But did you know it is based on a famous castle in Germany built by King Ludwig Ⅱof Bavaria?

1. Which of the following is TRUE about the castle?

2. We can tell from the story that a moat is __________.

3.According to the passage we can know that______________.

4. What does the passage mainly talk about?