摘要:短文理解题的特点是根据短文内容给出若干个不完整的句子或若干个根据短文内容提出的问题.对每一道试题都提供4个备选项.要求考生在正确理解听音内容的基础上.从4个备选项中选出一个正确的答案,有的短文理解题是联系短文内容给出若干个句子.要求考生根据所听到的短文内容.判断所给句子的意思是否正确,有的根据短文的内容给出若干个留有空格的句子.短文或表格.要求考生听音后在空格上填上适当的词.以补全句子.短文或填满表格.使句子.短文或者表格所表达的意思与原听音内容一致.所以短文理解题又分类三类.第一类是听短文选择正确的答案.第二类是听短文后判断所给句子的正误.第三类是短文理解填空题.这类试题不同于听写题.它所填的不是听音的原文.所要填写的内容要以短文提供的相关信息为依据.

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阅读下面的短文.根据短主内容,填写表格.将小题的信息补充完整。每空不超过3个单词。并在答题卡上将答案填写在对应题号的横线上。

If you go into the forests with friends, stay with them. If you don’t, you may get lost. If you do get lost, this is what you should do.
Sit down and stay where you are. Don't try to find your friends. Let them find you. You can help them to find you by staying in one place.
There is another way to help your friends or other people to find you. Give them a signal( 信号 )by shouting or whistling(吹口哨) three times. Stop. Then shout and whistle three times again. And signal given thee times is a call for help,
If you don't think that you will get help before night comes, try to make a small room with branches( 树枝 ) 。
What should you do if you get hungry or need to drink water? You would have to leave your little branch room to look for something to eat and drink. Don't just walk away. Drop small branches as you walk so that you can find your way hack.
The important thing to do when you are lost -- stay in one place.
    Title
 How lo deal with getting lost
 
Ways
①___小题1:___and slay where you are
②Give friends ____小题2:___by shouting and whistling three times
③If you don’t get help before night comes, try to__小题3:a room with branches
④Drop some small _小题4: as you walk so that you can find your way back.
  Conclusion
 There are many ways to deal with getting lost,but the most important
Way is to stay in ___小题5:__place .
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阅读下列文言文完成下面题目(16分)
(甲)侍中、侍郎郭攸之、费祎、董允等,此皆良实,志虑忠纯,是以先帝简拔以遗陛下。愚以为宫中之事,事无大小,悉以咨之,然后施行,必得裨补阙漏,有所广益。
……
亲贤臣,远小人,此先汉所以兴隆也;亲小人,远贤臣,此后汉所以倾颓也。先帝在时,每与臣论此事,未尝不叹息痛恨于桓、灵也。侍中、尚书、长史、参军,此悉贞良死节之臣也,愿陛下亲之、信之,则汉室之隆,可计日而待也。
(乙)晋平公问于祁黄羊曰:“南阳无令,其谁可而为之?”祁黄羊对曰:“解狐可。”平公曰:“解狐非子之仇耶?”曰:“君问可,非问臣之仇也。”平公曰:“善。”遂用之,国人称善焉。
居有间,平公又问祁黄羊曰:“国无尉,其谁可而为之?”对曰:“午可。”平公曰:“午非子之子耶?”对曰:“君问可,非问臣之子也。”平公曰:“善。”又遂用之。国人称善焉。
孔子闻之,曰:“善哉,祁黄羊之论也!外举不避仇,内举不避子,祁黄羊可谓公矣。”
【小题1】解释划线词的意思。(4分)
(1) 是以先帝简拔以遗陛下(     )
(2)未尝不叹息痛恨于桓、灵也(          )
(3) 其谁可而之(             )
(4)有间,平公又问祁黄羊(         )
【小题2】用现代汉语说说下面句子的意思。(4分)
(1)亲贤臣,远小人,此先汉所以兴隆也。
(2)君问可,非问臣之仇也。
【小题3】甲乙两文都说到“用人”的问题,但两文各有不同。甲文是诸葛亮出师前给后主刘禅所提出的中肯建议,其核心是:________________________;乙文中祁黄羊举荐贤人的特点是:__________________________________(用原文回答)(4分)
【小题4】从语言表达角度分析甲乙两段文字的区别。(4分)
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