摘要：语法是谴词造句的法则.掌握这些法则有助于正确说话写文.也有肋于正确理解句子意思.所以语法对学好外语非常重要.中考试题中常考的语法规则有: (1) 名词:常见不可数名词的用法特点,可数名词单复数的变化规则,名词的所有格.特别是有两个并列名词后的所有格,语境中名词的选择. (2) 代词:人称代词主格和宾格的不同用法,形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词的不同用法,something, anything, everybody, nobody, no one等复合不定代词的用法, little, many, much, some, any等不定代词的用法,either, neither, both, all等的用法,other, another, the other, others, else等词的用法区别. (3) 冠词:定冠词的用法.如表示特指时用the.在play后的乐器名词前.序数词和最高级前等均要用the,不定冠词a和an的用法及其区别,不用冠词的情况.如不是特指的不可数名词前和非特指的一日三餐的名词前不用冠词.play后所接的球类运动名词前不用冠词.当bed, table, hospital, school, church等表示其用途时前面不用冠词,一些固定短语中冠词的用法. (4) 形容词和副词:形容词和副词的用法区别.如在系动词后作表语或在名词前作定语用形容词.修饰动词.形容词或另一个副词作状语用副词,形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法,how long, how soon, how often, how far等的区别,so和such的用法,enough的用法,在语境中选择一个恰当的形容词或副词. (5) 介词:重点考表示时间和地点的on, in, at等的用法区别,另外by, near, with, without, as, for, to, between, among等介词的用法也是常考的. (6) 动词:动词的时态和语态,情态动词can, may, must, need, have to, had better等的用法,非谓语动词.如在enjoy, finish等动词后只能接动词的ing形式作宾语.在decide, refuse, would like后只能接不定式作宾语.在forget, remember, stop, go on等后接不定式和接ing形式意义不同,句型:ask / tell / want sb(not) to do sth,let / make / let sb do sth,see / hear / watch / notice sb do sth和see / hear / watch / notice sb doing的区别. (7) 连词:并列连词and, but, or, either-or, neither-nor, not only-but also等,引导时间状语从句的连词when, after, before, until, while, as soon as等,引导条件状语从句的连词if, unless等,表示因果关系的连词because, as, since, so, so / such-that-等,引导定语从句的连词that, which, who, whom, whose等. (8) 宾语从句:考查引导宾语从句的连接词if, whether; that; when, where, who, what, how等,语序,时态一致. (9) 感叹句和反意疑问句. (10) there be结构和have / has的区别.

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