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出关与毕侍郎①笺（清）洪亮吉
自渡风陵，易车而骑，朝发蒲坂，夕宿盐池，阴云蔽亏，时雨凌厉。自河以东，与关内稍异。土逼若衖②，涂危入栈。原林黯惨，疑披谷口之雾；衢歌哀怨，恍聆山阴之笛。
日在西隅，始展黄君仲则殡于运城西寺，见其遗棺七尺，枕书满箧，抚其吟案，则阿妳③之遗笺尚存；披其繐帷④，则城东之小史既去。盖相如病肺⑤，经月而难痊；昌谷⑥呕心，临终而始悔者也。犹复丹锅狼藉，几案纷披，手不能书，画之以指。此则杜鹃欲化，犹振哀音，鸷鸟将亡，冀留劲羽，遗弃一世之务，留连身后之名者也。
伏念明公生则为营薄宦，死则为恤衰亲，复发德音，欲梓遗集。一士之成，玉成终始，闻之者动容，受之者沦髓⑦。冀其游岱之魂，感恩而西顾；返洛之旐⑧，衔酸而东指。又况龚生竟夭，尚有故人；元伯虽亡，不无死友。他日传公风义，勉其遗孤，风兹来祀⑨，亦盛事也。
今谨上其诗及乐府共四大册。此君平生与亮吉雅故，惟持论不同，尝戏谓亮吉曰：“予不幸早死，集经君订定，必乖余之旨趣矣。”省其遗言，为之堕泪。今不敢辄加朱墨，皆封送阁下，暨与述庵廉使、东友侍读，共删定之。即其所就，已有可传，方乎古人，无愧作者。惟稿草皆其手写，别无副本，梓后尚望付其遗孤，以为手泽耳。
亮吉十九日已抵潼关，马上率启，不宣⑩。
【注】 ①毕侍郎：毕沅，乾隆时进士，官至湖广总督。②衖，同“巷”。 ③阿妳：母亲。④繐帷：灵账。 ⑤相如病肺：据《史记》载，司马相如“常有消渴疾。”消渴疾，如糖尿病，古人误以为肺病。⑥昌谷：唐朝诗人李贺 ⑦论髓：即沦肌浃髓，比喻感受之深。⑧旐：画龙蛇的旗，此指出丧时的灵旌。⑨风兹来祀：即劝勉后人。风“同讽”，劝。⑩率启：草率地禀告。不宣：不尽，即书不尽意的意思，旧书信的结尾词。
【小题1】对下列句子中加点的词的解释，不正确的一项是(3分)（ ）
| A．自渡风陵，易车而骑易：改换 | B．盖相如病肺病：疾病 |
| C．复发德音，欲梓遗集。梓：出版 | D．必乖余之旨趣矣。乖：背离 |
①遗弃一世之务，留连身后之名者也 ②生则为营薄宦
③省其遗言，为之堕泪 ④死则为恤衰亲
⑤复发德音，欲梓遗集 ⑥梓后尚望付其遗孤，以为手泽耳
| A．①②⑥ | B．①③④ | C．③④⑤ | D．②④⑤ |
| A．文章开始写旅途匆匆行踪，挚友新亡，心中苦悲；但作者没有孤立地去写这种心情，而是在描述沿途景象中，在情景交融中表现了哀伤之情。 |
| B．文章第二段将料理丧事的经过写得比较简单，但在泛泛地讲述事情时将丧事的处理和对挚友的回忆、评价、悼念，紧密结合在一起；同时也表达了对毕侍郎的感激之情。 |
| C．信中说：“盖相如病肺，经月而难痊；昌谷呕心，临终而始悔者也。”即是对黄仲则刻苦作诗的赞扬，也是对他不爱护身体的委婉批评。平日这样刻苦作诗，临终时必然对自己的诗作非常重视了，所以信中又说：“杜鹃欲化，犹振哀音；鸷鸟将亡，冀留劲羽。” |
| D．这封信感情诚挚，用典贴切，生动感人，从中不仅可以学习为文之法，也可以学习为友之道。 |
（1）见其遗棺七尺，枕书满箧，抚其吟案，则阿妳之遗笺尚存。（3分）
（2）此君平生与亮吉雅故，惟持论不同，尝戏谓亮吉曰。（3分） 查看习题详情和答案>>
配对阅读。左栏是对5个学生做演讲时存在问题的描述，请在右栏为每个学生选择一个合适的建议，并将答题卡上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。
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1.Paul: I don’t think I can talk fluently(流利) because it’s difficult for me to remember all the words. 2.Billy: When I come face to face with the audience, where should my eyes fall upon? Do I have to look front, or look around from time to time? 3.Amy: When I am talking, I can’t help waving my hands, for I think it can help me express what I want to say better. But my classmates say I look funny and foolish by doing this. 4.Betty: I know that it’s not right to speak fast. But I am afraid that I can’t finish my talk in the given time if I speak slowly. 5.Tony: Should I talk in American English or British English? |
E. You should know you and most of the people you talk to are different in many ways. Some of them may not know what you are talking about. Then speak to them on their terms and in their languages. F. Concentrate on what you want to say. If you are always paying attention to gestures(手势),you will feel uncomfortable. G. It’s true that there are some differences between American English and British English, but they’ll not cause much difficulty for listeners, so just speak the way you’re used to. |
查看习题详情和答案>>
当你遇到下面这些问题时，你会怎么解决呢？请对以下问题和解决办法给予合理配对。
Problems:
1.Some boys are swimming in the river without permission.
2.Sometimes you just get so angry about something.
3.You cheat(作弊) at school because you are afraid of failing the exam.
4.Someone in our district often wastes water.
5.You like to play computer games and spend too much time on them.
Solutions:
A．Work harder at your lessons .If you have problems at school, just turn to your teachers
B．Tell them to leave the river quickly. It is dangerous.
C．Make a time table and reduce the time on computer games little by little.
D．Use your pen to tell your feelings. Write down why you are angry or draw it on a paper
E. Put up some posters to ask him or her to save water.
查看习题详情和答案>>
当你遇到下面这些问题时，你会怎么解决呢？请对以下问题和解决办法给予合理的配对。
Problems:
1.Some boys are swimming in the river without permission.
2.Sometimes you just get so angry about something.
3.You cheat(作弊) at school because you are afraid of failing the exam.
4.Someone in our district often wastes water.
5.You like to play computer games and spend too much time on them.
Solutions:
|
A．Work harder at your lessons .If you have problems at school, just turn to your teachers |
|
B．Tell them to leave the river quickly. It is dangerous. |
|
C．Make a time table and reduce the time on computer games little by little. |
|
D．Use your pen to tell your feelings. Write down why you are angry or draw it on a paper |
E. Put up some posters to ask him or her to save water.
查看习题详情和答案>>