Big ocean fish have almost been endangered since the start of business fishing in the

1950s. The scientists found that the number of large fish has dropped by 90 percent in the

past fifty years. The study took ten years. The researchers collected records from fishing

businesses and governments around the world. The magazine Nature published(发表)the findings.

   The scientists say the common way called longline fishing is especially harmful to large fish. This way includes many fishing lines that are connected(连接) to one boat. If these lines are joined together, they can reach one hundred kilometers. They hold thousands of sharp metal hooks(钩) to catch fish. Longline fishing is especially common in the Japanese

fishing industry. Records showed that Japanese boats used to catch about ten fish for every

one hundred hooks. The study says longline fishing boats now might catch one fish per

hundred hooks.

The scientists say business fishing can destroy groups of fish much faster than in the

past. It’s not the only worry that the number of large fish is becoming smaller and smaller.

What’s worse, they are smaller in size than their ancestors(祖先).

根据短文内容完成表格，每空一词。

What is happening to ocean fish?

If these trousers are too short, buy a longer_______.
A. one       B. pair        C. ones

阅读下面短文，回答问题。（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）

Why do people cry? Scientists say the body produces tears because they need them. One kind of tears is for the eye, the other is for the heart. They both work as cleaners. If something else like dust(灰尘) gets into your eye, tears also come into the eye to clean it out. If you are hurt by something, your strong feelings produce some poisonous chemicals(毒素) in your body, and at the same time, tears come out with them. If these poisonous chemicals are not cleaned out of your body as soon as possible, they will do harm to the heart sooner or later.

In the United States men have heart problems more often than women do. Doctors say heart problems have something to do with the pressures(压力) of living and working now. Perhaps men suffer more from these illnesses because they do not cry enough. They need to cry more.

In fact, you can find many ways of reducing the pressures to keep fit. Crying is a natural and physical one.

1.How many kinds of tears does the body usually produce?

2.What do tears do when dust gets into your eye?

3.Will the poisonous chemicals in the body do harm to the heart?

4.Why do men suffer more from heart problems than women?

5.What will you do to reduce the pressures of living and working to keep fit? Please give TWO examples.

If these trousers are too short, buy a longer_______.

A. one       B. pair        C. ones

London used to be “foggy” for the same reason that cities like Beijing or Chongqing are “foggy” today．The “fog” was in fact smog, a mixture of smoke and fog．In other words, it was made by air pollution．In London, some of this pollution came from factories, but much of it came from the coal(煤)that people burnt in their houses to keep warm during the winter．By the 1950s, London’s smog problem had become so bad that the government decided to do something to clean the air．A new law was made and nobody could burn coal in any British city．Within a few years, the air became much cleaner．There were no more “pea-soupers”．

Many Chinese cities now face the same sort of problem with air pollution that London faced 40 or 50 years ago．However, this problem is more difficult for Chinese cities to solve．One reason is that more of the pollution comes from the factories, rather than from coal burnt in people’s houses．If these factories were closed, this would harm the economy and lots of people would lose their jobs．Another reason is that changing from coal to cleaner fuel(燃料), like gas, is quite expensive．

However, the air in many Chinese cities is becoming cleaner and cleaner, as the government and people pay more and more attention to cutting down pollution．As a result, there are fewer “pea-soupers”in Beijing than there used to be．

1.What was the main reason for air pollution in London?

A．There was too much smoke in the sky．

B．There were too many factories in the city．

C．People burnt too much coal in the houses．

D．The city was too big for the cleaners to clean．

2.How did the air in London become much cleaner?

A．There was not so much fog in the winter later．

B．A law was made to keep people from burning coal in their houses．

C．Many factories in the city were closed．

D．People paid more attention to cleaning their city．

3.What does the underlined work “pea-soupers”refer to?

A．Smog????? ????????????? ????????????? B．Smoke????? ????????????? ????????????? C．Gas?????? ????????????? ????????????? D．Coal

4.The problem of air pollution is more difficult for Chinese cities to solve because of ___ reasons．

A．one????????? ????????????? B．two??????? ????????????? ????????????? C．three?????? ????????????? ????????????? D．four

5.Which sentence is Not true?

A．Air pollution is serious in Beijing and Chongqing．

B．Using coal is much more expensive than using gas．

C．Factories made much more pollution in China．

D．The reasons of air pollution in London and Beijing are different．