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《熔化和凝固》基础练习(2)
1．下列现象属于什么物态变化？
（1）春天，冰雪消融，是__________．
（2）铁水浇入模子铸成铁件，是___________．
2．固体分晶体和_________两类．在松香、萘、冰、玻璃、铁、蜂蜡中，属于晶体的是__________，它们都有固定的_________。
3．图①是用、乙两种物质的________图象，从图中可以看出________物质是晶体，熔点是________℃，50℃时呈________态．__________物质是非晶体，该物体在放热时，温度__________．
4．图②是做海波凝固过程的图线，根据图线回答：凝固过程经历的时间是__________min，凝固时的温度是_________，此过程______热，但温度________．海波的熔点是_______℃，熔化过程处于_______态．
5．水银的熔点是-39℃，它在-40℃时呈______态，在39℃时呈______态或________态，也可能呈________态，-38℃时呈_______态．
6．若将铁和玻璃分别加热熔化，则( )
A．玻璃没有熔点，所以不会熔化
B．铁和玻璃在熔化过程中温度都在不断升高
C．铁和玻璃都会熔化，但铁有熔点，而玻璃没有熔点
D．上述说法都不正确
7．把冰水混合物放在－10℃的室外，混合物的温度将是( )
A．等于0℃ B．高于0℃
C．低于0℃ D．无法确定
8．把一块0℃的冰投入0℃的水里（周围气温也是0℃ ），过了一段时间( )
A．有些冰熔化成水使水增多
B．冰和水的数量都没变
C．有些水凝固成冰使冰增多
D．以上三种情况都可能发生
9．在铅的熔化过程中( )
A．铅的温度升高，同时吸热
B．铅的温度降低，同时放热
C．铅的温度不变，不吸热也不放热
D．铅的温度不变，同时吸热
查看习题详情和答案>>请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Certainly dustmen prefer to be known as "Reuse Collection and Disposal Officers". You may think that this is rather 36 , and it is better to call a spade a spade. But dustmen can be as 37 as people of any other occupation, though we must 38 that their job is not a 39 one in the world. We often take dustmen for granted. Perhaps because they usually come very early in the morning, before most people are 40 .We are likely to forget their 41 .Our dustbins are 42 regularly, but we 43 stop to think about the men who do this. However, it is one of the most important jobs in the world, and when there are no dustmen to 44 the rubbish, the general 45 soon becomes aware that something is wrong. Recently, the dustmen of England went on strike for higher wages.
During the first few days it was regarded as a 46 .But when the first two weeks had passed, and the dustbins were overflowing in nearly every backyard in the country, the joke did not seem so 47 any more. 48 the strike continued, people could not 49 the hills of rubbish around their dustbins, and they looked for other places in which to 50 it. Even Leicester Square, in the heart of West End of London, was 51 high with plastic bags full of smelly rubbish. This was a（n） 52 attraction that the people of London were not at all 53 to see. Even when the strike was over, it took several weeks for the country to get cleaned up completely. Perhaps now the English people appreciate the work of 54 dustmen rather more 55 and won't take them for granted any more.
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| A．disappointed | B．serious | C．nervous | D．happy |
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| 实验序号 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| 电压U/V | 1.0 | 2.0 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 2.6 | 2.8 |
| 电流I/A | 0.21 | 0.22 | 0.24 | 0.25 | 0.26 | 0.28 | 0.29 | 0.30 | 0.31 | 0.32 |
| 电功率P/W | 0.21 | 0.26 | 0.40 | 0.47 | 0.56 | 0.64 | 0.72 | 0.81 | 0.90 | |
| 电阻R/Ω | 4.8 | 5.5 | 5.8 | 6.4 | 6.9 | 7.1 | 7.6 | 8.0 | 8.8 | |
| 灯泡亮度 | 逐渐变亮 | |||||||||
（2）根据电路图连接实物图．
（3）他们实验用的小灯泡上标有“0.3A”字样，根据实验数据，你估计这只小灯泡额定电压的范围大概在（
A．1～1.2V之间； B．1.4～2V之间；
C．2.2～2.6V之间； D．2.6～2.8V之间
（4）我们在计算或讨论问题时，常常假定“灯丝电阻不变”，你认为把“灯丝电阻看成是不变的”合理吗？为什么？根据“灯泡越亮，电阻越大”的实验事实，你猜想可能是什么原因造成灯丝电阻变化？ 查看习题详情和答案>>
小刚同学在研究“冰的熔化规律”时，得到的实验数据如表所示．| 时间/min | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 |
| 温度/℃ | -5 | -4 | -3 | -2 | -1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 3 | 5 | 7 |
（2）根据表中数据可以判断：冰属于
（3）小亮同学把盛有冰块的大试管插入烧杯里的碎冰块中，如图所示．用酒精灯对烧杯底部慢慢加热，当烧杯中的冰块有大半熔化时，试管中的冰
A．熔化一部分 B．全部熔化 C．一点也不熔化 D．无法判断．
（2006?南京二模）某地区1～7月份气压与气温情况如表所示，
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