09年高考英语考前语音突围

英语语音,就如汉语拼音。为此,2005年高考又将其列入考纲。当然,要过好语音这一关,掌握发音规则是基础,熟读单词是关键。但是,特别注意牢记一些不符合读音规则的字母和字母组合,则能更好的为高考服务。因为特殊是高考的热点。

、考查一些字母的特殊读音。

1.元音字母a,e,i,o,u.

⑴ a通常在重读开音节中读[e],在重读闭音节中读[æ],在w后通常读[],在s,ss,st,sk,ch,th,n,f前读[:],在非重读音节中读[][].

特殊:①[:] water

②[e]any,many,anyhow,anything等含有any的不定代词中。

③[]courage,encourage,language,necklace,orange,

average,baggage

(2008全国II)match

A. separate        B. marry            C. machine      D. many   

(2007全国II)animal

A.ache[:]          B.anything          C.advance        D.anxious  

(2008全国II)majority

A. baggage       B. attract       C. Canadian     D. magazine

⑵ e 通常在重读开音节中读[:],在重读闭音节中读[e].

特殊:①[]actress, careless, develop, entire, perfect, reduce, secret, carpet, celebrate, desert

 ②[]children, open, problem, silence, satellite, September

③不发音:frighten, listen, often, garden, citizen

(1997全国卷)medicine  

A. except          B. record           C. increase   

⑶ i通常在开音节中读[ai],在闭音节中读[i].

特殊:① [] impossible,possible,terrible,holiday,horrible

  ②[:] police,Pisa,machine,magazine,technique

③ []live, give, notice, native, office, promise, imagine, opposite

④不发音:basin, civil, pencil, pupil, cousin,

(i的发音近几年没考,须注意)

⑷ o通常在重读开音节中读[],

但在do, to, who, move, prove, lose, whose等读[u:];

在重读闭音节中读[],

但在most, post, cold, both, roll, hold, scold, host等st, ld, th前常读[]

特殊:①[u]woman

  ②[]collection, complete, compare, composition, custom, develop, iron police, polite, observe, official, Europe

  ③[]women

④[] (多在m, n, th, v等前时,如comfort,

Comfortable,come,company等)

  ⑤[:] story

  ⑥[] comb,Negro,piano,radio,tomato

  ⑦[] gone,common,concert

  ⑧不发音:cotton,reason,prison,person,pardon,lesson,poison

(2007全国II)stop

A.lose                  B.woman       C.shock             D.rose     

(2007陕西卷)compare

A.company              B.continue     C.common        D.concert  

⑸ u通常在重读开音节中读[:]或[:],在重读闭音节中读[]或[].

特殊:①[]autumn, August, industry, succeed, success, suppose, until, unless, supply, difficult

  ②[e]bury

  ③[]busy,minute,business

  ④[]museum,communism,unite,January,occupy

(2008陕西卷)club

A. pollution       B. struggle        C. useful         D. bury     

2.辅音字母c,w,n,s,g.

⑴ c通常发[k],(在元音a,o,u前和辅音前,以及在词尾时)

特殊:① [ʃ] delicious,musician,special,social,

socialist,official(在ea,ia前)

② [s]ceiling,century,celebrate,cinema,city,

incident(多在e,i前)

(2007全国II)center

A.ocean                    B.decide                C.cause             D.socialist  

(2007陕西卷)success

A.official             B.excuse       C.correct                 D.exciting  

⑵ w通常发[w]

特殊:不发音:answer,sword,two

⑶ n通常发[n]

特殊:[ŋ]uncle,English,single,thank,anxious,drink等(在c,g,k前)

⑷ s通常发[s],[z]   

特殊:① [ʃ]sugar,sure

② []measure,pleasure,treasure,usual, conclusion

(2008全国II)rise

A. purse                    B. else            C. praise              D. mouse

⑸g通常发[g]

特殊:① []age,apologize,apology,page等(e,i(y)前)

      ②不发音:design,foreign,sign等(在n前)

(2008陕西卷)passenger

A. sugar            B. organize       C. strange        D. together  

、考查一些常见字母组合的特殊读音。

ea通常发[:]breathe,tea,read等

特殊:①[e] dead,pleasure,peasant,head,already,

health,thread heaven,sweater,bread,breakfirst,health,

pleasure,deaf, thread等

      ②[e] great,break

      ③[] real,idea,theatre,realize, area

      ④不发音:beauty

(2008陕西卷)area

      A. theatre       B. breathe        C. break        D. heaven   

⑵ear通常发[]

特殊:①[:] earth,year,early,earn,learn,heard,search,

earnest

      ②[] bear,pear,tear(v.),wear

      ③[:] heart

⑶ai & ay在重读音节如train ,against, contain, raise, remain及always,birthday,everyday,railway等中通常发[ei].

特殊:①[] captain,mountain,yesterday,Friday, Sunday,bargain等

      ②[e] said,says

      ③[]mayor

      ④不发音Britain, certain

(2008全国II)Britain

A. certain        B. train         C. against        D. contain  

(2007陕西卷)raise

A.remain            B.certain       C.mountain        D.bargain   

⑷al通常发[:]

特殊:①[:l] also,always,almost,salt,although,altogether,false

      ②[l]actual,animal,arrival,general,natural,

several等非重读时

      ③[:] half,calm等(在f,m前)

⑸oo通常发① [u]在k前或took, shook, cook, cookie, book, look, hook, classroom, bedroom, understood等非重读时,以及good,good,stood,wood,

wooden,football,foot 等重读时 ;

② [:]在food, soon, cool, zoo, tool, bamboo, loose, school, wool, pool, fool,room,noon,cocoon,

spoon,loom,roof,root,troop,smooth,shoot,too,

balloon,choose,droop,proof等重读时

特殊:[]blood,flood,warm-blooded

⑹ou通常发[au]

特殊:①[:] group,wound,you,youth

      ②[] anxious, dangerous,curious, famous, moustache, nervous, obvious, serious,mysterious

      ③[]country,couple,courage,cousin,

encourage,touch,trouble,young

④ [:]cough

(2007全国II)ground

A.house                     B.country                 C.group                     D.cough     

⑺our通常① 在重读音节中发[au]; ②在非重读音节中发[]

特殊:① [:]course,court,four,fourth,mourn,pour,

resource,your,yourself

② [u] tour

(2008全国II)course

A. journey        B. four             C. labour       D. hour      

⑻er通常① 在重读音节中发[:]; ②在非重读音节中发[]

特殊:[a:]sergent,clerk

⑼or通常① 在重读音节中发[:]; ②在非重读音节中发[]

特殊:①[:] word,work,world,worm,worse,worship,worst,worth等(在w后)

      ②[]worry

⑽ure通常① 在重读时发[j]cure,pure;

②在非重读时发[]injure, figure,

特殊:[j]failure

⑾ch & tch通常读[]

特殊:[k]headache,Christmas,chemical,school, stomach, chemistry,architecture

      [ʃ] machine

(2008陕西卷)chemistry

A. stomach     B. achieve      C. check       D. machine  

⑿th通常① 在介词,冠词,代词,连词中,以及e,er前读 [];②在词首和词尾多读[]但there,their,this,

That,these,those等读[]

特殊:①mathematics,maths,mouths读[];

②smooth,worthy,clothing, bathe读[];

③以th结尾的复数读[]baths,months,cloths,

例外:maths,mouths[]

(2008全国II)bathe []

A. faith                     B. cloth               C. maths              D. smooth  

(2007全国II)breathe

A. thick               B.southern          C.mathematics         D.method   

(2007陕西卷)theirs

A.thread                    B.smooth        C.thirsty                D.health    

⒀ gh通常在igh,ough中不发音

特殊:[f]cough,enough,laugh,tough

⒁ex在本身是重读或次重读时读[eks]expert, extra, exercise, excellent, exhibition, explanation

特殊:①为非重读音节,后面是元音字母读[igz]exact,exam,exist,examine,example

②为非重读音节,后面是辅音字母读[iks]excite,expect,extend,extraordinary, except,

excuse,express,expensive,experience,experiment,explain,

⒂ ed在清辅音后读[t],浊辅音后读[d],元音后也读[d],t,d之后读[id]。

⒃s/es的发音规则在清辅音后读[],浊辅音后读[],元音后也读[],t,d之后读[ts] [dz]。

另外:①au,augh,aw读[:];②air,are读[];

③ei读[i],特殊:either, neither[ai]; foreign[i];

④eigh读[ei], 特殊:height [ai]; ⑤eer读[];

⑥ere读[]here, atmosphere或[]where,there,特殊: [:]were; ⑦ire读[ai];

⑧oul读[u]could,should,would

特殊:[u]should,soul;

⑨sion读[],特殊: [] decision, conclusion,occasional,television;

⑩tion读[],特殊: []suggestion,question

     ⒃ie通常读 [:]achieve believe ;特殊[ai] society  science;特殊[e] friend

(2007陕西卷)society

A.achieve          B.friend       C.science                  D.believe   

、考查一些不发音的字母及字母组合。

⑴ b  bomb,climb,comb,debt,doubt

⑵ c  muscle,science,scientist

⑶ d  handsome,grandpa,grandma,grandchild,

sandwich,Wednesday

⑷ k  knee,knife,knock,know,knowledge,kneel

⑸ h  hour,honest,exhibition,forehead,

whisper,wheelchair,honour

⑹ l  could,would,Lincoln

⑺ g  design,foreign,sign

⑻ r  iron

⑼ s  island

⑽ t  castle,fasten,often,whistle,Christmas,

listen

(2006全国II)honest  

A. husband       B. habit        C. hour          D. host 

 

四、历年部分高考真题回顾

1. (99)navy    A. neighbor   B. nationality      C. relative      D. valley

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2.(99)unit    A. fierce      B. nephew       C. juice      D. sure

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3.(98)prove     A. stone         B. route          C. stove       D. hook

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4.(05II)grade   A.temperature  B.classmate     C.necklace    D. fortunate

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5.(06II)occur    A. position      B. possible        C. offer        D. ocean

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6.(96)Advanced  A. task       B. fortunate      C. entrance   D. salute

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7.(97)motor    A. opposite       B. ocean          C. oppress     D. object

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8.(97)canal     A. important     B. liberation    C. majority      D. national

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9.(97)medicine  A. except        B. record       C. increase      D. physics

10(96)longer    A. London      B. prove      C. lock       D. lonely

11(98)anxious   A. branch         B. conclusion    C. dangerous     D. tongue

12(05II)official   A.concert     B.century         C.coast        D.ocean

13(06II)honest   A. husband        B. habit         C. hour         D. host

14(99)gentle    A. organize        B. bargain     C. regular      D. charge

15(97)oxygen    A. geography        B. degree       C. recognize     D. sugar

16(99)spare   A. fear           B. earn     C. pear      D. beard

17(99)journey  A. merchant        B. courtyard    C. energy     D. serious

18(98)breathe   A. health            B. deaf          C. increase      D. pleasure

19(06II)enough   A. shout            B. touch         C. soul         D. mouth

20(05II)south        A.courage           B.soup          C.southe      D.trousers

21(05II)surprise  A.performance      B.further      C.work      D.nurse

22(05II)smooth   A.feather        B.tooth          C.thief        D.warmth

23(96)third    A. southern         B. weather     C. thus     D. theory

24(96)Christmas  A. speech          B. stomach      C. charge    D. church

25(98)achieve    A. research          B. chemist        C. technique   D. stomach

 

 

KEYS:        

 1-5: ABBBA     6-10: ABDAC   11-15: DDCDA    

16-20: CACBD   21-25: AADBA

(注:由于笔者打不出新国际音标,音标部分为旧国际音标)

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