阅读理解 人物故事类押题
【押题1】Would you believe that the first outstanding
deaf teacher in America was a Frenchman? His name was Laurent Clerc. He became
a friend of Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet and together they founded
Laurent Clerc was born in a small
village near
At 12, Laurent entered the Royal
Institution for the Deaf in
Meanwhile, in
The two men set sail on June 18,
1816. The voyage across the
At the school, Clerc led a busy life. He taught signs to Principal Gallaudet; he taught the pupils; and he taught hearing men who came to the school to study deaf education.
In 1819, Clerc married Eliza
Crocker Boardman, one of his pupils. They had six children. He retired from
teaching in 1858. Although he had intended to return to
1. Why
did Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet sail to
A. He needed to finish his studies to become a minister.
B. It was the easiest way to get
to
C. He wanted to study their system of deaf education.
D. He wanted to marry Alice Cogswell.
2. From the information in this passage we can infer that__________.
A. Laurent Clerc was an intelligent man
B. Clerc had difficulties learning language
C. Clerc married Eliza in order to get his Green Card
D. Clerc was paid well because he made such important contributions to society
3. On
their trip from
A. played cards and socialized
B. studied and discussed their plans for a deaf school
C. founded a school for the deaf
D. Gallaudet studied English and Clerc studied Sign Language
4. Which is the right order of the things Clerc did？
A. met Gallaudet, moved to
B. met Gallaudet, went to school
in
C. went to school in
D. got married, went to school in
5. The main idea of this passage could best be stated as_________.
A. Clerc managed his time well, and was able to teach a lot of information in a short period of time
B. Thomas Gallaudet was indebted to Clerc for all that he taught him
C. Clerc preferred teaching deaf students to hearing students
D. Clerc, an educated Frenchman, had a great impact on American Deaf Education
【押题理由】高考阅读理解题中人物传记类文章很常见。在选材时，不仅注重名家的生平，也关注与名人生活、事业息息相关的人或事，当然，也不乏一些介绍普通人学习、生活和工作等的故事。本文在命题方面突出高考命题的灵活性：既注重特定细节的准确理解，又注重推理判断题的考查，同时涉及了事情先后顺序的排列，体现了命题的多样性。
【试题解析】1. C 第四段“he was concerned about the lack of opportunities for deaf people in America和he went to London to seek ideas on how to teach deaf people.”与C项表达虽然不同，但意思基本一致。
【考场秘招】细节题都可以从原文中找到答案，只不过为了迷惑考生，常常将原文进行改写，换一种说法。所以，照抄原文，一字不改的不一定就是答案，而与原文意思相同的，才是正确的。
2. A 推理判断题。可以用排除法解答此题，B项不可能，Clerc懂法语、手语、还在旅途中学习英语；C项文中既没有说明为什么与Eliza结婚，更谈不上当时是否有“绿卡”。D项没有足够的信息推断挣钱多少。根据文中“an excellent teacher, learned many different language，succeeded in school”等信息可以推断he was an intelligent man。
3. B 细节理解题。根据第6段中“they studied English and Sign Language, and discussed the school for the deaf which they planned to open.”可以确定答案是B。
4. C 逻辑顺序题。根据第3段Clerc went to school in Paris.、第五段became Gallaudets Sign Language teacher、第六段in 1816, after the two men studied together in Paris 和最后一段in 1819, Clerc got married.可确定其先后顺序C项正确。
【考场秘招】做这类题，先找出最早的一个时间和事件，把它作为事件发生的具体点，然后使用排除法将范围一一缩小，从而快速地选出正确答案。
5. D 主旨大意题。全文围绕Clerc和他对美国聋儿教育的影响，所以D项正确，而A项面太窄，B项偏离主题，本文针对的不是Thomas Gallaudet，C项文中根本没提到偏爱做一名教师。
【押题2】Years ago a John Hopkin's professor gave a group of graduate students this task: Go to the slums(贫民窟). Take 200 boys, between the ages of 12 and 16, and research into their background and environment. Then predict their chances for the future.
The students, after consulting social statistics, talking to the boys, and compiling(汇编) much data, concluded that 90 percent of the boys would spend some time in prison.
Twenty-five years later another group of graduate students was given the job of testing the prediction. They went back to the same area. Some of the boys―by then men―were still there, a few had died, some had moved away, but they got in touch with 180 of the original 200. They found that only four of the group had ever been sent to prison.
Why was it that these men, who had lived in a breeding(滋生) place of crime, had such a surprisingly good record? The researchers were continually told: "Well, there was a teacher..."
They pressed further, and found that in 75 percent of the cases it was the same woman. The researchers went to this teacher, now living in a home for retired teachers. How had she exerted(发挥) this remarkable influence over that group of children? Could she give them any reason why these boys should have remembered her?
"No," she said, "no I really couldn't." And then, thinking back over the years, she said amusingly, more to herself than to her questioners: "I loved those boys."
1. What were a group of graduate students instructed to do?
A. To research into the living conditions of the poor citizens.
B. To foretell what the future might have in store for poor kids
C. To study 200 boys between 12 to 16 and predict their future.
D. To survey the background and environment of 200 teenagers.
2. Seeing only four boys with bad records, the researchers probably felt ______.
A. relieved B. surprised C. disappointed D. frustrated
3. Most of the 200 surveyed boys grew into good citizens because _________.
A. their parents were strict with them
B. they had great ambition as children
C. they were expected to do good deeds
D. a woman teacher loved and cared them
4. What conclusion can we draw from the story?
A. Love can work miracles.
B. Like teacher, like pupil.
C. Adversity leads to prosperity.
D. Nothing is difficult to the man who will try.
【押题理由】人物故事类题材是一直高考的重点内容，本文讲述对200名生活在贫民窟的男孩的生活进行追踪调查的故事，趣味性强，难度适中，非常切合高考阅读取材。
1. C 细节理解。根据第一段内容可知，教授给研究生布置的任务是调查在贫民窟生活的200个男孩的家庭背景，并预测他们的未来。
2. B 推理判断。根据第四段中的“a surprisingly good record”一句可知，调查的结果使研究者感到意外。
【考场秘招】解答推理判断类试题时，要从文中找到设题的句子或段落，在四个选项中找到与原句意思相符的陈述。
3. D 推理判断。根据文章的最后两段，200名生活在贫民窟的男孩健康成长的原因是一位女教师对他们的关爱。
4. A 主旨大意。本文给我们的启示是：爱可以创造奇迹。一位女教师的爱感化了她的学生，影响那些在贫民窟的男孩有积极的人生态度。
【押题3】Once I spoke at a high school. After the speech, I was asked to see a special student. An illness had kept the boy home, but he had expressed an interest in meeting me, and it would mean a great deal to him. I agreed.
He was Matthew. When he was born, the doctor told his parents that he would not live to see five, then they were told he would not make it to ten. Now he was thirteen. He wanted to meet me because I was a gold-medal weight lifter, and I knew about overcoming obstacles(障碍) and going for my dreams.
I spent over an hour talking to Matthew. Never once did he complain. He spoke about winning and succeeding and going for his dreams. Obviously, he knew what he was talking about. He just talked about his hopes for the future, and how one day he wanted to lift weight with me.
When we finished talking, I went to my briefcase and pulled out the first gold medal I won and put it around his neck. I told him he was more of a winner and knew more about success and overcoming obstacles（障碍） than I ever would. He looked at it for a moment, then took it off and handed it back to me. He said, “You are a champion. You earned that medal. Someday when I get to the Olympics and win my own medal, I will show it to you.”
Last summer I got the news that Matthew had passed away and a letter Matthew had written me a few days before:
Dear Rick,
My mom said I should send you a thank-you letter for the picture you sent me. The doctors tell me that I don’t have long to live any more. But I still smile as much as I can.
I told you some day I was going to the Olympics and win a gold medal. But I know now I’ll never make it. But I know I’m a champion, and God knows that too. When I get to Heaven, God will give me my medal and when you get there, I will show it to you.
Thank you for loving me.
Your friend,
Matthew
1. The boy wished to meet the author because ________.
A. he admired the author very much
B. he wished to take part in the Olympics
C. he hoped to make friends with the author
C. he enjoyed going in for weighting lifting
2. Which of the statements is TRUE?
A. Matthew was good at weight lifting.
B. Rick had the similar disease as a child.
C. Matthew remained optimistic in face of disease.
D. Rick encouraged the boy to become a champion.
3. Why did the boy refuse the author’s medal?
A. He thought he was not worthy of it.
B. Rick looked on the medal as treasure.
C. The gold medal was very dear to Rick.
D. He didn’t want to be pitied by others.
4. What can be inferred from Matthew’s letter?
A. Rick was unhappy before death.
B. Rick kept in touch with Mathew.
C. Mathew sent some pictures to Rick.
D. Mathew got an Olympic gold medal.
【押题理由】记叙文是阅读理解部分必考的内容，特别是具有深厚思想内涵的文章，以达到通过阅读对考生进行人文熏陶的目的。本文即是励志的记叙文，体现出了这一命题原则的导向性。
1. A 细节理解。第二段中的最后一句表明答案为A。
2.C 推理判断。根据文章的第三、四段可知，Matthew对自己的未来充满了憧憬和希望，梦想未来参加奥运会夺取金牌，因此我们可判断：他面对疾病表现的非常乐观。
3. D推理判断。 在第四段中，Matthew说，他将来自己要夺取金牌，让作者看看。可见Matthew的自尊心非常强，他不愿意被别人同情。
4. B 推理判断。根据Mathew的来信的第一句可判断最佳答案为B。
【考场秘招】根据事实进行推理和判断的能力是高考能力考查的范围之一。Matthew来信的第一句为：My mom said I should send you a thank-you letter for the picture you sent me.，由此我们可以推断，在那次见面以后，作者曾给Matthew寄过照片，换言之“他们保持着联系”。
【押题4】I moved into a new house in July. Since then I have met a few of my neighbors who are very nice people. For Christmas, I thought I would do something nice for each of the neighbors I know. There were nine neighbors whom I knew by name or spoke with often when I was out in my yard. I knew which houses they lived in.
I decided to add one more to my list. This lady I decided to add lives down the street from me. I meet her every morning walking to work as I drive down the street. She always smiles to me. But I had no idea who she was and which house she lived in.
I planned to make
small fruit baskets and leave them on my neighbor's front porches(门廊) on Christmas Eve. I signed the cards: "Happy
Holidays from
I saved the last for the friendly lady. I finally decided on a house where I met her each morning and guessed that it was hers.
My neighbors really appreciated the baskets and would tell me as they saw me in the yard or they would call, and a couple even came by to thank me.
This morning I found a
small note in the mailbox. It was addressed simply: Resident,
The Thank You card really caught me by surprise. I opened it and read the message, "Thank you for the lovely fruit basket you left on our porch. It was very thoughtful. Richard Kelly passed away last week. He talked a lot about how nice it was that someone remembered him in his time of illness. He really appreciated it."
I had no idea who Richard Kelly was and that he had been seriously ill. I had left that nice lady's basket on his porch by mistake. I wanted to say sorry, but that would be wrong. I believe that Mr. Kelly was meant to have that basket because he was dying. I hate that the nice lady did not get to receive a fruit basket on Christmas, but I believe if she knew what had happened, she would be happy. I feel pleased to have helped Richard Kelly's last days be more cheerful.
1. How many Christmas gifts did the author intend to send?
A. Nine. B. Eight. C. Ten. D. Eleven.
2. Where did the friendly lady live?
A. She lived at the end of
B. Her address was
C. She was thought to share a house with Mr. Kelly.
D. The author was not sure about her address at all.
3. How did the author’s neighbors respond to his gifts?
A. They liked the gifts very much and were thankful.
B. They were thankful that they wanted to be friends.
C. They all made phone calls to say “Thank You”.
D. They all visited him by person to show gratitude.
1. C 细节理解。第二段的第一句话表明作者要送10份圣诞礼物。
2. D 推理判断。5104 Northumberland Road是作者的地址，A项错误；作者推测那位老太太住在他们通常在早上见面的地方，但是下文说花篮放错了地方，可见她并不在那里住，故B项也错误。由于作者放错花篮，病中的Mr. Kelly收到了圣诞节礼物，但是文中没有谈到那位老太太和Mr. Kelly同住一室，因此C项也错误。可见作者不知道那位老太太到究竟住在何处。
3. A 推理判断。在第五、六中谈到了作者的邻居在收到礼物之后的种种反应：有的当面感谢、有的打电话感谢、有的寄来贺卡，那么概括起来就是：邻居对作者的举动充满感激。
4. B 主旨大意。最后一段的最后一句话为主题句，概括了本段主旨大意，选项B的陈述与最后一句同义。
【考场秘招】文章的主旨大意通常体现在文章的开头或结尾。而段落大意也多体现在第一句或最后一句。显然，我们可以根据文章的最后一段的最后一句选出最佳答案。
【押题5】Once there was an 11-year-old boy who went fishing with his father in the middle of a New Hampshire lake. On the day before bass(巴斯鱼) season opened, they were fishing early in the evening, catching other fish with worms. Then the boy tied on a small silver lure(鱼饵) and put it into the lake. Suddenly he felt that something very big pulling on the lure. His father watched with admiration as the boy skillfully brought the fish beside the bank. Finally he lifted the tired fish from the water. It was the largest one he had ever seen, but it was a bass.
The boy and his father looked at the big fish. The father lit a match and looked at his watch. It was 10 p.m.―two hours before the season opened. He looked at the fish, then at the boy. “You’ll have to put it back, son,” he said.
“Dad!” cried the boy. “There will be other fish,” said his father. “Not as big as this one,” cried the boy. He looked around the lake. No other fishermen or boats were in sight in the moonlight. He looked again at his father.
Even though no one had seen them, nor could anyone ever know what time he had caught the fish, the boy could tell from his father’s voice that the decision couldn’t be changed. He threw the huge bass into the black water. The big fish disappeared. The boy thought that he would never again see such a big fish.
That was 34 years ago.
Today the boy is a successful architect in
And he was right. He has never again caught such a large fish as the one he got that night long ago. But he does see that same fish ... again and again ... every time he has an ethical (道德的) decision to make. For, as his father had taught him, ethics are simple matters of right and wrong. It is only the practice of ethics that is difficult.
1. What happened when the big fish turned out to be a bass?
A. The boy and his father discussed what to do with the big fish.
B. The boy threw the bass back into the water willingly.
C. The father lit a match in order to check the time.
D. They worried other fishermen may discover what they had done.
2. From the text we know that the father _________.
A. didn’t love his son
B. always disagreed with his son
C. disliked the huge fish
D. was firm and stubborn
3. The successful architect went fishing with his children at the same place because _______.
A. they might catch a big fish there
B. his was taught a moral lesson there
C. it was a most popular fishing spot
D. their children enjoyed fishing there
4. What does the story imply?
A. It is easy to say something, but difficult to do.
B. An ethical decision is always easy to make.
C. It’s hard to tell right from wrong sometimes.
D. Fishing can help one to make right decisions.
【押题理由】“心灵鸡汤”类记叙文是近几年高考的热点题材。本文通过记述一个男孩与父亲的一次钓鱼，揭示了深刻的人生哲理：做人要坚持原则，即使任何人不知道你做了什么。
1. C 细节理解。 第三段中的“The boy and his father looked at the big fish. The father lit a match and looked at his watch.”为暗示，父亲发现离巴斯鱼的“休鱼期”结束还有两个小时，因此他当即决定“You’ll have to put it back, son”。
2. D 推理判断。由第五段中的句子“the boy could tell from his father’s voice that the decision couldn’t be changed”可判断，这位父亲的态度非常坚定，不能更改。
3. B 推理判断。根据最后一段可知，当年那个孩子在成年后也带着自己的孩子来到与父亲曾经垂钓的湖边钓鱼，他要把父亲教给他的做人的道理传给下一代。
4. A 主旨大意。文章的主旨大意通常在最后一段或最后一句体现出来。本文的写作目的就隐含在文章的最后一句“For, as his father had taught him, ethics are simple matters of right and wrong. It is only the practice of ethics that is difficult.”选项A的陈述与句意相符。
【押题6】 John Blanchard was studying the crowd making their way through the station. He was looking for the girl whose heart he knew, but whose face he didn't, the girl with the rose.
When reading a book in
a
He located her address
and wrote a letter introducing himself. The next day he was shipped overseas to
serve in the army. During the next year, they grew to know each other through
the mail and their friendship developed. John requested a photograph, but she
refused, saying if he really cared, it wouldn't matter what she looked like.
When the day finally came for him to return home, their first meeting was
suggested―7:00 p.m. at the Grand Central Station in
She wrote, "You'll recognize me by the red rose I wear on my coat." So now John was in the station to meet the girl with a rose.
As a pretty and slim girl in green came over, John noticed her blue eyes like flowers in spring. He walked directly towards her, entirely forgetting she was not wearing a rose. As John came closer to her, he saw another woman with a red rose stood nearby. Well past 40, this woman had graying hair done under a worn hat. Seeing the girl in green walk quickly away, John felt as if he were split(劈开) in two. He desired to follow that girl, but longed for the woman whose spirit had truly companioned and supported him.
The woman looked gentle and sensible. John went to her, saying, "I'm Captain John Blanchard. You must be Miss Maynell. I am glad to meet you here. May I take you to dinner?"
She replied with a smile, "I don't know what this is about. But the lady in green who just went by, begged me to wear this rose on my coat. She said if you asked me out to dinner, I’d tell you she is waiting for you in the big restaurant across the street. She said it was some kind of test!"
1. John was eager to know the former owner of the book because ______.
A. He was very interested in the contents of the book.
B. He was impressed by the notes written by the owner.
C. The book offered him practical and valuable advice.
D. There was address of the former owner in the book.
2. What happened to John after getting in touch with Miss Hollis Maynell?
A. He began to serve the army abroad.
B. He was seriously wounded in the war.
C. He went on a business
tour in
D. He asked Miss Maynell for a photo.
3. What do we know about he woman with a rose?
A. She was Miss Maynell’s close companion.
B. She was a conductor working in the station.
C. She knew nothing about John’s appointment.
D. She was paid to carry out a love test on John.
4. Which would be the best title of the text?
A. The Meeting in the Station B. The Girl with a Rose
C. A Soldier and a Girl D. A Meeting of the Heart
【押题理由】本文思想性和趣味性非常强，士兵John面临一种严峻的考验：究竟应该看重女友的外表美还是心灵美呢？文章丰富的思想内涵是对学生的心灵一种陶冶，缜密的逻辑性有利于培养学生的思维能力。
1. B 推理判断。根据第二段的第一、二句可知，书中的批注使John Blanchard对书原来的主人产生了兴趣。
2. A 细节理解。根据第三段的第二句话可知，John Blanchard和Miss Hollis Maynell取得联系后，第二天被派到国外参战。
3. C 推理判断。根据最后一段可知， 这个佩带玫瑰的妇女并不知道John Blanchard和Miss Hollis Maynell的约会情况。
4. D 主旨大意。文章从两人的认识和交往写起，John经过了火车站的考验，最后通过考验，可见两人之所以走到一起是因为“心灵有约”，D揭示了全文的大意。
【考场秘招】在本文中“rose”是John与女友在火车站约会的暗号。在见面时，the woman with a rose是对John Blanchard的严峻考验。可见，“rose”是故事发展的线索。文章最后的结局表明：心灵的吸引最终帮助John做出正确的选择，可见文章的题目应该是“心灵之约”或“玫瑰之约”。