2009年高考完形填空分析指导(二)
完形填空题考查哪些能力?
完形填空属于综合性语言能力测试题。它不仅考查语言知识水平,同时还考查分析、判断、推理、想象、比较和综合运用语言的实践能力。现结合高考完形填空试题剖析如下(以下试题一律使用原题号):
一、阅读理解能力
二、分析、判断、比较和想象等思维能力
36. A. let out B. gave out C. came out D. set out
37. A. into B. at C. of D. from
38. A. burning B. used C. exploding D. broken
39. A. lit B. bought C. piled D. removed
40. A. patiently B. calmly C. worriedly D. excitedly
41. A. silver B. new C. colorful D. gold
42. A. mountains B. valleys C. streets D. shops
43. A. games B. meetings C. sports D. events
44. A. for B. to C. with D. in
45. A. danced B. gathered C. drank D. shouted
46. A. village B. scene C. night D. ground
47. A. on the edge of B. on the way to
C. in the center of D. in the direction of
48. A. while B. until C. unless D. though
49. A. tip B. back C. top D. bottom
50. A. inside B. near C. off D. across
51. A. fond B. little C. full D. free
52. A. jumped B. sat C. stood D. bent
53. A. so B. even C. yet D. still
54. A. follow B. show C. notice D. admire
55. A. clean B. gray C. peaceful D. empty
Key:36-40 CABAD 41-45 ACDCB 46-50 CABCA 51-55 CBDDB
第38题:我们可根据分析判断得知答案: paper remains指的是爆竹燃放后的“残骸”,故应是“燃放过的”fireworks,“用过的,燃放过的”应用used,而不是broken。
第39题:我们可以通过回忆自己孩童时期燃放爆竹的情形做出合理的想象:孩子们先“点燃”爆竹,然后就捂着耳朵等待爆竹爆炸,这样一个接一个地燃放,故选A(点燃)。
第40题:孩子点燃爆竹等待其爆炸时的心情是怎样的呢?想想自己小时候,显然是异常“兴奋”。故选D。
第41题:月亮是什么颜色?是“银白色的”,故选A。
第55题:午夜之后,人们才停止燃放爆竹,但整个城市却早已是“烟雾缭绕”“灰蒙蒙的”了,故选B。
完形填空以自身的内容提供完整的语篇信息,其问题交织渗透着各类相关的文化背景知识和生活常识,考查考生灵活运用该方面知识的能力。现以2004年江苏卷为例, 分析如下:
On 39 days, she wore heavy clothes and a pair
of woolen gloves. Summertime 40 out neat, belted cotton dresses and a hat
pulled low over her sunglasses. 41 , she was an ordinary working woman.
Of course, I 42 all this only after she was seen no more.
It was then that I realized how 43 I expected to see her each morning. You
might say
I 44 her.
“Did she have an accident? Something 45 ? ” I thought to myself about her 46 .
三、根据文化背景知识及生活常识进行逻辑推理的能力
39. A. sunny B. rainy C. cloudy D. snowy
40. A. took B. brought C. carried D. turned
41. A. Clearly B. Particularly C. Luckily D. Especially
42. A. believed B. expressed C. remembered D. wondered
43. A. long B. often C. soon D. much
44. A. respected B. missed C. praised D. admired
45. A. better B. worse C. more D. less
第39空:根据生活常识,wore heavy clothes and a pair of woolen gloves (穿棉衣和带羊毛手套),自然只能是在snowy days。
第40空为bring out词组,根据上述信息,该女士“clearly (显然)”是个普通上班族,第41空填clearly。
第42空:等到有一天,这个妇女突然消失时,我才“记起” (remember)这一切。
第43空:根据生活常识,人们往往只有在失去某物时才意识到它的重要性,等意识到其重要性时,就会期盼经常得到或见到它。作者也是如此,以前天天见到这个女士时并没有感觉到什么,等到有一天她消失后,就期盼着能每天再见到她。第44空填missed(想念)。
见不到这个女士的时间一长,作者就会有各种猜测。难道她出事了?根据生活常识,我们在这种情况下,多会做出一些不祥的猜测,故第45空填worse。
本部分答案为:39-40 DB 41-45 ACDBB
完形填空试题的选项多数以词汇或短语的形式出现,考查考生从选项所提供的词汇或短语本身的特点、意义和用法入手进行分析,逐一排除错误、欠妥、不适宜或不贴切的选项,最终确立最佳答案的能力。例如:
I did very badly at school. My headmaster thought I was useless and when I was 14 he said, “You’re never going to be 37 but a failure.”
After five years of 38 jobs, I fell in love with a very nice middle-class girl.(2005安徽卷)
四、熟练掌握并灵活运用词汇和短语的能力
37. A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing
38. A. low B. poor C. good D. useful
本空主要涉及到nothing but这一结构的理解和运用,to be nothing but a failure意为”除了失败,别无所获”,意即”必然失败,不可能成功”。因句中有never,故选anything,而非nothing。
第38空涉及到词语搭配的问题,指工资高低用high或low,而指工作好坏应使用good或poor,根据语境,显然一开始工作做得不好,故选B。
再如2004年江苏卷:
We may look at the world around us, but somehow we manage not to see it until whatever we’ve become used to suddenly disappears. 36 , for example, the neatly-dressed woman I 37 to see―or look at―on my way to work each morning.
For three years, no matter 38 the weather was like, she was always waiting at the bus stop around 8:00 am.
36. A. Make B. Take C. Give D. Have
37. A. happened B. wanted C. used D. tried
38. A. what B. how C. which D. when
这三题均考查固定词组、句型或习惯搭配的掌握和灵活运用能力。根据上下文,第36空显然为举例,故用take…for example/ instance,只是这里take的宾语the neatly-dressed woman因其后有一定语从句修饰,句子过长,因而后置了。
第37空根据下文内容,如下一段开头的for three years一句,可知这个妇女是作者过去常看见的,而现在却看不到了,故用used to这一固定词组。
第38空what… like也为固定搭配,What is sb. / sth. like? 为一常用固定句型。sth. like? 为一常用固定句型。