1. 利用字母组合，音形结合，分组归类，发现并记忆特殊词，如：

1) ea发 / e / 音：bread, sweater, weather, 特殊词读 / ei / great

2) al发 / כ: / 音：talk, wall, small, 特殊词读 /α: / half

3) augh发/ כ: / 音：taught, daughter, caught, 特殊词读 /α:f / laugh

2. 利用词尾同音同形，分组归类记忆，区分词首不同， 如：

1) would, could, should 2) kind, mind, find, behind 3) light, right, bright, fight, flight 4) other, another, mother, brother

3. 归纳同音同形异义词，如：

left (左边) ― left ( leave的过去式); may (可以) ― May (五月); miss (想念) ― Miss (小姐); China (中国) ― china (瓷器); found (成立) ― found ( find的过去式和过去分词)

4. 归纳同音异形异义词，如：

new ― knew; weather ― whether; nose ― knows; pair ― pear; father ― farther; blue ― blew; I ― eye; here ― hear; hour ― our; past ― passed; see ― sea; right ― write; whole ― hole; won ― one; meet ― meat; week ― weak; would ― wood; aren’t ― aunt; son ― sun; know ― no; to ― too ― two; buy ― by ― bye

如：1. 文化用品：bag, ink, pencil, pencil-box, book, ruler, eraser

2. 人体名称：head, hair, eye, nose, mouth, neck, arm, hand, leg, foot

3. 服装：coat, sweater, dress, suit, trousers, shirt, skirt, blouse

4. 颜色：red, orange, yellow, green, blue, black, white, brown, pink, purple, light green, dark blue

运用所学构词知识与词义和词性结合起来记忆单词，可以节省单纯背记单词的时间，少走弯路。初中三年学习的构词法主要有以下几种：

1. 合成法 (即由两个或两个以上的词合成新词的方法) ，如：

合成名词：shop + keeper → shopkeeper; moon + cake → mooncake; class + room → classroom; black + board → blackboard

合成代词：everyone; something; anybody; nothing … etc.

2. 派生法：(即通过给一个单词加前缀或后缀构成新词的方法)，如：

1) 加前缀的情况

mid + 名词，表示“中”、“中间”，如：mid-autumn

mis + 动词，表示相反的意思，如：take → mistake

re + 动词，表示动作的重复，如：retell; return

un + 介词或形容词，构成反义词，如：unhappy; unlike; unusual

a + 动词，表示状态， 如：asleep; alive

2) 加后缀的情况

动词 → 名词：invent → inventor, invention; operate → operator, operation; drive → driver; read → reader; teach → teacher; travel →traveller; visit → visitor

形容词 → 副词：careful → carefully; loud → loudly; true → truly

名词 → 形容词：sun → sunny; rain → rainy; noise → noisy; friend → friendly; Canada → Canadian; wool → woolen; danger → dangerous

动词 → 形容词：help → helpful; use → useful; enjoy → enjoyable; worry → worried; interest → interested

形容词 → 名词：different → difference; good → goodness; foreign → foreigner

3. 转化法：(即由一种词类转化成另一种词类，词形不变) 如：

water (水，名词) → water (浇水，动词; plant (植物，名词) → plant (种植，动词); orange (橙子，名词) → orange (橙色的， 形容词); mind (思想，名词) → mind (介意，动词)

4. 缩略法：(即由多个字母缩略成少数的几个字母，词义不变) 如：

television → TV; telephone → phone; bicycle → bike; physical education → PE

初中三年的学习中同学们接触了不少在“形、义、用”上有关联的单词，将它们按相同、相似或相反等功能分别加以归类对比，可以增强复习的趣味性，印象深刻，有助于保持长久记忆。

1. 同义或近义词，如：

begin ― start; learn ― study; almost ― nearly; perhaps ― maybe; hard ― difficult; fast ― quickly; borrow ― lend; can ― be able to; say ― speak ― talk ― tell; see ― look at ― watch; hear ― listen to; many ― much ― a lot of ― lots of; reach ― get to ― arrive at / in; look after ― take care of; enjoy oneself ― have a good time; be good at ― do well in; at last ― in the end ― finally;

2. 反义词，如：

free ― busy; long ― short; young ― old; early ― late; empty ― full; go ― come; love ― hate; ask ― answer; remember ― forget; up ― down; inside ― outside;

3. 对应词，如：

man ― woman; father ― mother; boy ― girl; borrow ― lend

4. 形近词，如：

lift ― left; heart ― heard; quiet ― quick; feel ― fell ― fall

5. 用法易混的词，如：

take ― bring; take ― spend ― pay ― cost; say ― speak ― talk; see ― look; listen ― hear; too ― either; many ― much

五、掌握各种词形变化规则，记住有规可循的词

英语各类词性的单词变化中，规则词占大多数，因此同学们要学会运用单词的变化规则举一反三，巧记单词，提高学习效率。但是在运用变化规则时仍不可忽视那些不规则变化的单词。单词变化的规则主要有：

1. 名词复数的变化。

2. 单音节形容词、副词比较级、最高级规则和不规则变化。

3. 双音节以上形容词、副词比较级、最高级规则和不规则变化。

4. 动词单数第三人称的变化。

5. 动词现在分词变化规则。

6. 动词过去式、过去分词变化规则。

六、归纳识记各类词组，是掌握和运用单词的有效方法

英语单词中有一些积极单词，非常活跃，它们可以组成许多词组，表达不同的含义，但是所涉及到的知识点和用法又比较复杂，同学们在复习中决不可忽视这些单词，可采取以下两种方法复习。

1. 围绕一个积极单词展开联想记忆，这样就可以记忆许多固定搭配的词组和常用短语，如：

有关come的词组：come in, come up, come on, come from, come back, come to school, come with …, come over to my house, come here等等。

有关get的词组：get on, get lost, get home, get off, get up, get back, get down, get dressed, get late, get to school, get ready for, get the message, get warmer等等。