B
It seems that everybody tells lies - well, not big lies, but
what we call “white lies”. Telling white lies isn’t really that bad. Most of
the time, people do it because they want to protect a friendship. Some studies
suggest that the average person lies about seven times a day. The only real
questions are about when we lie and who we tell lies to. A recent study found
that people frequently stretch(编造,夸大)the truth. Here are some ways they do it.
① Lying to hide something:
People often lie because they want to hide something from
someone. For example, a son doesn’t tell his parents that he’s dating a girl
because he doesn’t think they will like her. Instead, he says he’s going out
with the guys.
②Giving false excuses:
Sometimes
people lie because they don’t want to do something. For example, someone
invites you to a party. You think it will be boring, so you say you’re busy.
③Lying to make someone feel
good:
Often
we stretch the truth to make someone feel good. For example, your friend cooks
dinner for you, but it tastes terrible. Do you say so? No! You probably say,
“Mmm, this is delicious!”
④Lying to hide bad news:
Sometimes
we don’t want to tell someone bad news. For example, you have just had a very
bad day at work, but you don’t feel like talking about it. So if someone asks
you about your day, you just say everything was fine.
Read the following
situations. Which of the above examples do they belong to?
69. Your friend gives you an
ugly vase for your birthday. You say, “Oh, it’s beautiful!”
A.①Lying to hide something B.②Giving false excuses
C.③Lying to make someone feel good D.④Lying to hide bad news
70. Your ex-girlfriend is getting married. She invites you to her wedding.
But you wouldn’t like to. So you tell your friend you’re busy writing a book.
A.①Lying to hide something B.②Giving false excuses
C.③Lying to make someone feel good D.④Lying to hide bad news
71. Which of the following is telling “a white lie”?
A.The boy who lied to the villagers that a wolf was coming.
B.A
family had a car accident. People sent the mother to the hospital. When she
asked about her husband and child, her friends told her that they were OK. In
fact, both had lost their lives.
C.When the police asked the man where he was between nine and ten o’clock
on the night of December 14, he said that he was playing cards with his
friends. But when he was asked to offer the names of the people who saw him, he
couldn’t.
D. You say you love the rain , but you open the umbrella when it rains.
C
Across the United States, there are several places where two independent towns grew together to become
one city - but kept both their names.
Winston-Salem is one of them. It’s a
mid-sized city in what’s called the plateau(high land), between
the Atlantic Coast and the inland mountains in the state of North Carolina. The
Winston part is a relatively new place, founded early this century. It’s home
to the nation’s biggest open-air tobacco market.
The giant R.J. Reynolds
Tobacco Company’s headquarters(总部) is in Winston-Salem, and Winston is the name of one of
Reynolds’ best-known cigarette brands(商标,牌子). Fast-growing Winston soon surrounded the much older town of
Salem, so in 1913, people in the area voted(投票) to
combine them into a single place.
From a historical and
tourist point of view, Salem, or Old Salem, as it’s called today, is the
interesting and unusual part of town.
Salem was founded in the 1700s by the
Moravians. They spoke German, and their community was religiously based, with
single men and single women living apart in separate dormitories. The Moravians
greatly valued women’s work and brainpower. In fact, one of the nation’s oldest
boarding schools for young women - the Moravians’ Salem Academy founded in 1772
- is still in operation.
Over the years, Salem lost its Moravian character. That all changed, though, when a nonprofit(非盈利的) group began to rehabilitate
the historic area. It took about three years to make it like what it used to
be. These days Old Salem is what’s called a living history museum, with
exhibits, music, and tours of 18th-Century houses, taverns and Moravian
dormitory buildings just seven blocks from the tallest skyscraper in Winston-Salem.
The historic community is
booming(繁荣) again. Just as R. J. Reynolds is taking in millions of dollars
making cigarettes across town, Old Salem is generating about $15 million a year
in tourism revenue and donations.
72. From the passage we can know that
___________.
A. Winston-Salem is the name of
a city
B. Salem is home to the
nation’s biggest tobacco market.
C. The city Winston-Salem has
two names
D. Old Salem is the name of
tobacco brand
73. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3
that __________.
A. the two cities dislike each
other
B. Salem developed faster than
Winston
C. R.J. Reynolds Company has
moved into Salem
D. the combination meets the wishes
of the people
74. The city Salem is special about
its __________.
A. boarding
school
B. lifestyle and historic area
C. respect for
brainpower
D. religious belief
75. The underlined word “rehabilitate”
in Paragraph 6 is closest to in meaning __________.
A.
open B.
rebuild C. stop D. provide
Part B(75 marks)