---Hey, dear! Guess what? I’ve got a pay rise!

---This ________ a celebration! Let’s go to sing karaoke tonight.


  1. A.
    calls for
  2. B.
    works out
  3. C.
    brings about
  4. D.
    pays for

What do you guess our friend Bob          when we get to his home?


  1. A.
    does
  2. B.
    would do
  3. C.
    has been doing
  4. D.
    will be doing

— I’ve just been to my first language class.

— Oh really? ________ . Which language are you studying?


  1. A.
    So do I
  2. B.
    So have I
  3. C.
    So I do
  4. D.
    So I have

Choose the correct sentence:____.


  1. A.
    That’s all what I need.
  2. B.
    That’s something I need
  3. C.
    That’s what that I need.
  4. D.
    That’s all which I need.

We may all have had the embarrassing moment: Getting half-way through a story only to realize that we’ve told this exact tale before, to the same person. Why do we make such memory mistakes?
According to research published in Psychological Science, it may have to do with the way our brains process different types of memory.
Researchers Nigel Gopie, of the Rotman Research Institute in Toronto, and Colin Macleod, of the University of Waterloo, divided memory into two kinds. The first was source memory, or the ability to keep track of where information is coming from. The second was destination memory, or the ability to recall who we have given information to.
They found that source memory functions better than destination memory, in part because of the direction in which that information is travelling.
To study the differences between source and destination memory, the researchers did an experiment on 60 university students, according to a New York Times report. The students were asked to associate (联想) 50 random ( 随意的) facts with the faces of 50 famous people. Half of the students "told" each fact to one of the faces, reading it aloud when the celebrity's (名人的) picture appeared on a computer screen. The other half read each fact silently and saw a different celebrity picture afterward.
When later asked to recall which facts went with which faces, the students who were giving information out (destination memory) scored about 16 percent lower on memory performance compared with the students receiving information (source memory).
The researchers concluded that out-going information was less associated with its environmental context （背景）---- that is, the person ---- than was incoming information.
This makes sense given what is known about attention. A person who is giving information, even little facts, will devote some mental resources to thinking about what is being said. Because our attention is limited, we give less attention to the person we are giving information to.
After a second experiment with another group of 40 students, the researchers concluded that self-focus is another factor that undermines destination memory.
They asked half the students to continue giving out random information, while the other told things about themselves. This time around, those who were talking about themselves did 15 percent worse than those giving random information.
"When you start telling these personal facts compared with non-self facts, suddenly destination memory goes down more, suggesting that it is the self-focus component ( 成分) that's reducing the memory, Gopie told Live Science.

  1. 1.

    The point of this article is to ____.

    1. A.
      give advice on how to improve memory
    2. B.
      say what causes the memory to worsen
    3. C.
      explain why we repeat stories to those we've already told them to
    4. D.
      discuss the differences between source and destination memory
  2. 2.

    What can we learn from the article?

    1. A.
      Source memory helps us remember who we have told the information to.
    2. B.
      One's limited attention is one of the reasons why those reading aloud to the celebrity's pictures perform worse on the memory test.
    3. C.
      Silent reading is a better way to remember information than reading aloud.
    4. D.
      It tends to be more difficult for people to link incoming information with its environmental context than outgoing information.
  3. 3.

    The underlined word "undermines" probably means ____.

    1. A.
      weakens        
    2. B.
      benefits       
    3. C.
      explains       
    4. D.
      supports
  4. 4.

    What did the scientists conclude from the second experiment?

    1. A.
      Destination memory is weaker than source memory.
    2. B.
      Focusing attention on oneself leads to relatively poor source memory performance.
    3. C.
      Associating personal experience with information helps people memorize better.
    4. D.
      Self-focus is responsible for giving information twice or more to the same person.

Some years ago on a hot summer day in south Florida a little boy decided to go for a swim in the old swimming hole behind his house.In a hurry to dive into the cool water, he ran out of the back door, leaving behind shoes, socks, and shirt as he went.
He flew into the water, not realizing that as he swam toward the middle of the lake, a crocodile was swimming toward him.His mother in the house was looking out of the window and saw the two.In great fear, she ran toward the water, shouting to her son as loudly as she could.Hearing her voice, the little boy became alarmed and made a U-turn to swim to his mother.It was too late.Just as he reached her, the crocodile reached him.From the shore, the mother grabbed her little boy by the arms just as the crocodile snatched his legs.That began an incredible tug-of-war between the two.The crocodile was much stronger than the mother, but the mother was much too passionate to let go.A farmer happened to drive by, heard their screams, raced from his truck, took aim and shot the crocodile.
Remarkably, after weeks and weeks in the hospital, the little boy survived.His legs were extremely scarred by the attack of the animal.And, on his arms, were deep scratches where his mother’s fingernails dug into his flesh in her effort to hang on to the son she loved.
The newspaper reporter, who interviewed the boy, asked if he would show him his scars.The boy lifted his legs.And then, with obvious pride, he said to the reporter, “But look at my arms.I have great scars on my arms, too.I have them because my Mom wouldn’t let go.”
Never judge another person’s scars, because you don’t know how they were made.

  1. 1.

    By saying “But look at my arms.I have great scars on my arms, too” in paragraph 4,the boy really wants to show__________.

    1. A.
      how deep the scars made by the crocodile were
    2. B.
      what a brave and courageous boy he was
    3. C.
      how many scars and scratches he had
    4. D.
      how great and beloved his mother was
  2. 2.

    Hearing Mother’s shouts, the boy______.

    1. A.
      remained in the middle at a loss
    2. B.
      didn’t stop swimming forwards
    3. C.
      swam back towards the shore
    4. D.
      was ready to fight the crocodile
  3. 3.

    Which of the following statements is true according to the text?

    1. A.
      A crocodile attacked him when the boy and his mother were swimming.
    2. B.
      The crocodile bit the arms of the boy when it reached him.
    3. C.
      There is always an interesting story behind every scar.
    4. D.
      It was the farmer who shot the crocodile.
  4. 4.

    Which of the following will be the best title for the text?

    1. A.
      Scars of Love
    2. B.
      Women Hold up Half the Sky
    3. C.
      A Terrible Experience
    4. D.
      Don’t Judge by Appearances

In our culture, the sources of what we call a sense of “mastery”— feeling important and worthwhile — and the sources of what we call a sense of “pleasure”— finding life enjoyable — are not always the same.Women often are told “You can’t have it all.” Sometimes what the speaker really is saying is: “You choose a career, so you can’t expect to have closer relationships or a happy family life.” or “You have a wonderful husband and children — what’s all this about wanting a career?” But women need to understand and develop both aspects of well-being, if they are to feel good about themselves.
Our study shows that, for women, well-being has two aspects.One is mastery, which includes self-respect, a sense of control over your life, and low levels of anxiety and depression.Mastery is closely related to the “doing” side of life, to work and activity.Pleasure is the other aspect, and it is made up of happiness, satisfaction and optimism.It is tied more closely to the “feeling” side of life.The two are independent of each other.A woman could be high in mastery and low in pleasure, and vice versa（反之亦然）.For example, a woman who has a good job, but whose mother has just died, might be feeling very good about herself and in control of her work life, but the pleasure side could be damaged for a time.
The concepts of mastery and pleasure can help us identify the sources of well-being for women, and correct past mistakes.In the past, women were encouraged to look only at the feeling side of life as the source of all well-being.But we know that both mastery and pleasure are important.And mastery seems to be achieved largely through work.In our study, all the groups of employed women were valued significantly higher in mastery than women who were not employed.
A woman’s well-being is developed when she takes on multiple roles.At least by middle adulthood, the women who were involved in a combination of roles — marriages, motherhood, and employment — were the highest in well-being, in spite of warnings about stress and strain.

  1. 1.

    It can be inferred from the first paragraph that ________.

    1. A.
      for women, a sense of “mastery” is more important than a sense of “pleasure”
    2. B.
      for women, a sense of “pleasure” is more important than a sense of “mastery”
    3. C.
      women can’t have a sense of “mastery” and a sense of “pleasure” at the same time
    4. D.
      a sense of “mastery” and a sense of “pleasure” are both necessary to women
  2. 2.

    The author’s attitude towards women having a career is________.

    1. A.
      negative
    2. B.
      positive
    3. C.
      indifferent
    4. D.
      realistic
  3. 3.

    One can conclude from the passage that if a woman takes on several social roles, ________.

    1. A.
      it will be easier for her to overcome stress and strain
    2. B.
      she will be more successful in her career
    3. C.
      her chances of getting promoted will be greater
    4. D.
      her life will be richer and more meaningful
  4. 4.

    Which of the following can be considered as a source of “pleasure” for women?

    1. A.
      Family life
    2. B.
      Multiple roles in society
    3. C.
      Regular employment
    4. D.
      Freedom from anxiety

---Does anyone want to go to the theatre?

--- Whom would you rather ____ with you, John or Ted?.


  1. A.
    go
  2. B.
    to go
  3. C.
    have gone
  4. D.
    have go

 — I sent him the dictionary by mail this morning . 

 —You ____ that; he''s coming tomorrow afternoon .


  1. A.
    needn''t have done
  2. B.
    didn''t have to
  3. C.
    needn''t do
  4. D.
    mustn''t do

— How do you know so much about what’s going on in the countryside?

— I’ve got a friend there who keeps me ________.


  1. A.
    informing
  2. B.
    to be informed
  3. C.
    informed
  4. D.
    being informed
 0  8686  8694  8700  8704  8710  8712  8716  8722  8724  8730  8736  8740  8742  8746  8752  8754  8760  8764  8766  8770  8772  8776  8778  8780  8781  8782  8784  8785  8786  8788  8790  8794  8796  8800  8802  8806  8812  8814  8820  8824  8826  8830  8836  8842  8844  8850  8854  8856  8862  8866  8872  8880  151629 

违法和不良信息举报电话：027-86699610 举报邮箱：58377363@163.com

精英家教网