Relation between the United States and Columbia suffered for many years because of an incident involving the Republic of Panama. By the end of the Spanish-American War in 1898, many Americans felt that an easier and faster way was needed to get ships from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean. Some people in the United States first believed that a canal across Nicaragua was the answer. However, President Theodore Roosevelt decided that a canal through Panama would be a better choice.
In order to build the canal , the United States had to negotiate （谈判） a treaty with Columbia , which at that time controlled Panama . Roosevelt offered Columbia $ 10 million plus $ 250,000 a year for 99 years for a six-mile-wide strip of land across Panama. Columbia rejected the United States’ offer. This ranged President Roosevelt, and negotiations with Columbia ended.
In 1903, a revolution broke out in Panama. The United States ships were sent by President Roosevelt to protect the Panamanian revolutionaries from Columbian forces. The revolution succeeded, and Panama declared its independence from Columbia. The United States then negotiated with the newly formed government. A treaty was signed, and the United States began building the canal.
As a result of the incident, Columbia and the United States remained on bad terms for many years. Not until 1921, when the United States agreed to pay Columbia some compensation (赔偿) for its territory, did relations between the two countries improve.

1.
According to the passage, the United States and Columbia were on bad terms because the United States had ________.
1. A.
  at first wished to build a canal through Nicaragua
2. B.
  promised to pay Columbia $ 10 million for Panama
3. C.
  wished to build a canal through Panama
4. D.
  supported Panamanian revolutionaries in their fight for independence from Columbia.
2.
From the information in the passage, it can be concluded that the United States ______.
1. A.
  wanted to build a canal because it was considered starting a war
2. B.
  felt that building a canal through Panama was worth the risk of ruining relations with Columbia
3. C.
  believed that a canal through Nicaragua would be profitable
4. D.
  had lost the Spanish-American War
3.
It can be inferred from the passage that an important reason for the decision of the United States to build a canal was to _______.
1. A.
  develop trade relations with Europe
2. B.
  improve relations with South American countries
3. C.
  prevent European ships from reaching the Pacific Ocean
4. D.
  reduce travel time for its ships in case of war
4.
The passage mainly gives us________.
1. A.
  advice
2. B.
  information
3. C.
  humor
4. D.
  news

President Coolidge’s statement, “The business of America is business,” still points to an important truth today—that business institutions have more prestige（威望）in American society than any other kind of organization, including the government. Why do business institutions possess this great prestige?
One reason is that Americans view business as being more firmly based on the ideal of competition than other institutions in society. Since competition is seen as the major source of progress and prosperity by most Americans, competitive business institutions are respected. Competition is not only good in itself, it is the means by which other basic American values such as individual freedom, equality of opportunity, and hard work are protected.
Competition protects the freedom of the individual by ensuring that there is no monopoly（垄断）of power. In contrast to one all-powerful government, many businesses compete against each other for profits. Theoretically, if one business tries to take unfair advantage of its customers, it will lose to competing business which treats its customers more fairly. Where many businesses compete for the customers’ dollars, they cannot afford to treat them like inferiors or slaves.
A contrast is often made between business, which is competitive, and government, which is a monopoly. Because business is competitive, many Americans believe that it is more supportive of freedom than government, even though government leaders are elected by the people and business leaders are not. Many Americans believe, then, that competition is as important, or even more important, than democracy（民主）in preserving freedom.
Competition in business is also believed to strengthen the ideal of equality of opportunity. Competition is seen as an open and fair race where success goes to the swiftest person regardless of his or her social class background. Competitive success is commonly seen as the American alternative to social rank based on family background. Business is therefore viewed as an expression of the idea of equality of opportunity rather than the aristocratic（贵族的）idea of inherited privilege

1.
The statement “The business of America is business” probably means ________
1. A.
  America is a great power in world business
2. B.
  Business is of primary concern to Americans
3. C.
  The business institutions in America are concerned with commerce
4. D.
  Business problems are of great importance to the American government
2.
Americans believe that they can realize their personal values only _______
1. A.
  by protecting their individual freedom
2. B.
  when given equality of opportunity
3. C.
  by way of competition
4. D.
  through doing business
3.
Who can benefit from business competition?
1. A.
  People with ideals of equality and freedom
2. B.
  Both business institutions and government
3. C.
  Honest businessmen
4. D.
  Both businessmen and their customers
4.
Government is believed to differ strikingly from business in that government is characterized by ________
1. A.
  its role in protecting basic American values
2. B.
  its absolute control of power
3. C.
  its democratic way of exercising leadership
4. D.
  its function in preserving personal freedom
5.
It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes ___________
1. A.
  in many countries success often depends on one’s social status
2. B.
  businesses in other countries are not as competitive as those in America
3. C.
  American businesses are more democratic than those in other countries
4. D.
  Americans are more ambitious than people in other countries

When I was struggling with cancer a few years ago，my wife and I formed our own “couple caution circle”．Anytime a doctor came with news of my progress，my wife would give me a big hug. The reports were seldom good during the early stages of my illness，and one day a doctor brought particularly frightening news.Staring at my reports，he said in a low voice，“It doesn’t look like you’re going to make it.”
Before I could ask him a question，my wife stood up，handed me my clothes，adjusted the tubes fastened to my body and said，“Let’s get out of here.This man is a risk to your health.” As she helped me struggle to the door，the doctor came near us.“Stay back，” demanded my wife.“Stay away from us.”
As we walked together down the hall，the doctor attempted to catch up with us.“Keep going，” said my wife，pushing the intravenous (静脉注射的) stand.“We’re going to talk to someone who really knows what is going on.” Then she held up her hand to the doctor.“Don’t come any closer to us.”
The two of us moved as one.We escaped to the safety and hope of a doctor who did not confuse diagnosis with conclusion. I could never have made that walk toward wellness alone

1.
From the passage we know ________
1. A.
  hearing that the husband was not going to make it，the wife went out of her mind
2. B.
  the wife’s decision in crisis (危机) contributed to the husband’s wellness
3. C.
  the husband was diagnosed with cancer by mistake
4. D.
  the husband became weaker and weaker as a result of the treatment conducted by the doctor
2.
What’s the author’s feeling when writing the passage?
1. A.
  Angry
2. B.
  Thankful
3. C.
  Excited
4. D.
  Sad
3.
What can be inferred from the passage ?
1. A.
  The wife was a woman hard to get along with
2. B.
  The doctor was a dangerous man
3. C.
  The wife loved her husband very much
4. D.
  The husband was a man who believed everything would be OK
4.
What would be the best title for the passage ?
1. A.
  A Happy Couple In Crisis
2. B.
  Struggle With Cancer
3. C.
  In Crisis，Become As One
4. D.
  Don’t Believe The Doctor

Too much TV-watching can harm children’s ability to learn and even reduce their chances of getting a college degree, new studies suggest in the latest effort to examine the effects of television on children.
One of the studies looked at nearly 400 northern California third-graders. Those with TVs in their bedrooms scored about eight points lower on math and language arts tests than children without bedroom TVs.
A second study ,looking at nearly 1000 grown-ups in New Zealand, found lower education levels among 26-year -olds who had watched lots of TV during childhood .But the results don’t prove that TV is the cause and don’t ride out that already poorly motivated youngsters(年轻人）may watch lots of TV.
Their study measured the TV habits of 26-year-olds between ages 5 and 15. These with college degrees had watched an average of less than two hours of TV per week night during childhood, compared with an average of more than 2 1/2 hours for those who had no education beyond high school.
In the California study, children with TVs in their rooms but no computer at home scored the lowest while those with no bedroom TV but who had home computers scored the highest.
While this study does not prove that bedroom TV sets caused the lower scores, it adds to accumulating findings that children shouldn't have TVs in their bedrooms

1.
According to the California study, the low-scoring group might ______.
1. A.
  have had computers in their bedrooms
2. B.
  not be interested in math
3. C.
  be unable to go to college
4. D.
  have watched a lot of TV
2.
What is the researchers’ understanding of the New Zealand study results?
1. A.
  The connection between TV and education levels is difficult to explain
2. B.
  Habits of TV watching reduce learning interest
3. C.
  TV watching leads to lower education levels of the 15-year-olds
4. D.
  Poorly motivated 26-year-olds watch more TV
3.
What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?
1. A.
  More time should be spent on computers
2. B.
  TV sets shouldn't be allowed in children’s bedrooms
3. C.
  Children should be forbidden from watching TV
4. D.
  Further studies on high-achieving students should be done
4.
What would be the best title for this text?
1. A.
  Computers or Television
2. B.
  Studies on TV and College Education
3. C.
  Effects of Television on Children
4. D.
  Television and Children’s Learning Habits

Say you meet with difficulty, what’s the first thing you do? Call your best friend and ask for help? It turns out that doing this may be better for you than you think. Researchers find that friendship has a big influence on your health, well-being and business.
One study from scientists recently found that older people with a large circle of friends were 22% less likely to die during a 10-year period than those with fewer friends. Other researchers discovered that having a strong social network could improve brain health as we age.
Even more interesting, feeling close to your friends may give you a different view on things. Researchers gathered 34 college students out side and asked them to estimate the steepness(估计陡峭程度) of a hill after climbing it. Those standing with friends gave lower estimates, and the longer the friends had known each other, the less steep the hill appeared.
What is the reason that friends can make obstacles seem less difficult? “People with stronger friendship networks feel that there is someone they can turn to,” said Karen A. Roberto, director of the center of the hospital at Virginia Tech. “Friendship is a valued resource (宝贵的资源).”
It is truly the fact. Friends make your life better. They provide support in hard times. They inspire you to make changes in your life, encourage you to set goals and cheer you on every step of the way until you reach them.
Want to find out more about the power of friendship? Read “Be a Better Friend”, “Make New Friends” and “Keep the Old”.

1.
According to the author, if you’ve lost your job you should .
1. A.
  turn to your best friend
2. B.
  ask for advice from your teacher
3. C.
  face it bravely by yourself
4. D.
  ask your parents for help
2.
We can learn from the study in Paragraph 2 that .
1. A.
  people with a lot of friends can stay away from illnesses
2. B.
  people with many friends may enjoy a longer life
3. C.
  22% of the people who have fewer friends have a short life
4. D.
  those who have fewer friends may die 10 years earlier.
3.
The underlined word “obstacles” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to some thing___________
1. A.
  that you are hoping to achieve by a plan
2. B.
  that happens to you when you are working
3. C.
  that makes it difficult for us to achieve something
4. D.
  that you have been trying to do
4.
The fifth paragraph was written to tell us that .
1. A.
  we should make many friends
2. B.
  true friendship lives long
3. C.
  friend ship has changed us
4. D.
  friendship should be valued

Last week when I was sitting in my office, I heard an elderly lady talking on the phone about her husband. Her husband’s name was Ed. He dropped her off for her doctor’s appointment and was going to park the car and wait for her. She was so upset that she started to cry. I knew I should take action.
The lady told me her name was Helen and she called the restaurant she and her husband were going to have lunch at after her appointment to see if he was waiting for her there. She explained that she thought her husband parked the car in the parking lot and waited for her in the car but she didn’t find him there so she returned to see if he entered the medical building, but Ed was not there either. She regretted making her husband park the car alone since some signs of Alzheimer’ (早老性痴呆症)had appeared in his behavior. I asked a few nurses to help look for Ed inside and out side the medical building according to Helen’s description. Then I offered to drive Helen to the restaurant to see if Ed was waiting for her there.
On arriving at the parking lot of the restaurant, Helen began to search for Ed’s car but she failed, which suggested Ed wasn’t there. We decided to have a talk with the manager before we returned to the hospital. On our way to the manager’s office, I received a call from a nurse, who said they had found Ed. What a relief(安慰)! But we still needed to go on searching since he forgot where he parked his car! Fortunately, we didn’t have much difficulty finding it.
As I waved goodbye to the couple, I thought, “This is true love in life. The love is not romantic but it stays with us all the time.”

1.
What did Helen do after she found Ed was missing?
1. A.
  She called the police.
2. B.
  She turned to the author.
3. C.
  She called the restaurant.
4. D.
  She searched for him everywhere.
2.
We learn from this passage that Ed .
1. A.
  went to the restaurant himself
2. B.
  might have developed Alzheimer’s
3. C.
  visited his friend in the hospital
4. D.
  worried about his wife very much
3.
When did the author know that Ed was found?
1. A.
  After the author and Helen returned from the restaurant.
2. B.
  While the author and Helen were on their way to the restaurant.
3. C.
  Before the author and Helen found the manager of the restaurant.
4. D.
  When the author and Helen arrived at the parking lot of the restaurant.
4.
What can we infer from the passage?
1. A.
  The author was Helen’s friend.
2. B.
  The author had seen Ed before.
3. C.
  The author went to see his doctor.
4. D.
  The author worked in the hospital.

After we meet people it is up to us to make them our friends.Let us stop a moment and consider what really makes a friend.The major qualities like faithfulness, devotion, friendly company, flash through our minds.But it is the large number of very small particular qualities that make up one’s whole character, such as cheerfulness, friendliness, and punctuality (守时).After all, “ to make a friend, be a friend” is not such a big and difficult order.There are particular favorable qualities, which attract others to us, and some elements which do have an effect on people in fundamental psychology(基础心理学) or not.
If you are in the presence of a shy person, talking and asking casual (随意的) questions may bring him out of his shell.Think of what would be most acceptable to the other person, for you to talk, or to listen.Either way the goal is to make yourself pleasant.
Always remember to listen, but listen intelligently.To have anyone “ hang on our words” is the most unnoticeably clever way in the world to please somebody.For a few extremely happy seconds we are the centre of attraction, but when it is our turn to be audience, let us remember how we felt as the actor, and let’s be genuinely (真正地) interested in what the other fellow is saying.
Other people will like us, if we like them.If you want friends, keep your mind and heart open to friendship.Be alive to the other person’s world.

1.
This passage is mainly about_________________.
1. A.
  the ways of talking to a shy person
2. B.
  some favorable qualities to be a psychologist
3. C.
  how to make yourself attractive to your listeners
4. D.
  how to make a friend and be a friend
2.
The words “ bring him out of his shell” in this passage most probably means ____.
1. A.
  make him become active
2. B.
  make him feel more nervous
3. C.
  help him understand the question better
4. D.
  help him listen intelligently
3.
According to the passage, an important way in making friends is to ________.
1. A.
  attract them
2. B.
  be attracted
3. C.
  listen attentively
4. D.
  talk widely
4.
The words “ Be alive to” in the last sentence of this passage most probably means________.
1. A.
  be aware of
2. B.
  keep with
3. C.
  deal with
4. D.
  be ignorant of

Jimmy was a twenty-year-old man. His father was a teacher and taught physics in a middle school and his mother worked in a shop. They lived a happy life until his parents died one night when suddenly an earthquake broke out. Luckily his sister took him to see their aunt in the city and they did not stay at home. Everything was destroyed in the earthquake and the two children got into trouble. Thanks to their aunt who was not rich enough, they grew up but they lived a hard life. His sister was so sad that she became a nun(修女). After he finished middle school, he was introduced to and owner of a hotel and began to work there.
One day the young man fell to ground while he was cleaning a window on the second floor. One of his legs was broken and he had to be in hospital. He said to the nurse, “I’m a poor man, madam. Arrange a third-class ward(病房) for me, please.”
“Can’t anybody help you?”
“No, madam,” answered Jimmy. “I have only a sister. She’s a nun and she’s poor, too.”
“I don’t think so,” the nurse said angrily. “Nuns usually marry God. And God is the richest in the world, you know!”
“Well, then,” Jimmy said with a smile. “Please arrange a first-class ward for me and post the bill to my brother-in-law.”

1.
Jimmy’s parents died .
1. A.
  in an accident
2. B.
  in a war
3. C.
  in an earthquake
4. D.
  from a disease
2.
Jimmy and his sister escaped from the earthquake because .
1. A.
  they played outside
2. B.
  they were in a safe place
3. C.
  their parents saved them
4. D.
  the aunt saved them
3.
The sister and brother lived a hard life because .
1. A.
  they lost all
2. B.
  they were too young
3. C.
  they were hurt in the earthquake
4. D.
  they had to look after themselves
4.
Which of the following is TRUE?
1. A.
  The nurse would arrange a third-class ward for Jimmy.
2. B.
  Jimmy’s sister became a nun because of her illness.
3. C.
  The nurse would post Jimmy’s bill to God.
4. D.
  Jimmy had a rich brother-in-law.

Medical drugs sometimes cause more damage than they cure. One solution to this problem is to put the drugs inside a capsule, protecting them from the body—and the body from them—until they can be released at just the right spot. There are lots of ways to trigger(引发) this release, including changing temperature, acidity, and so on. But triggers can come with their own risks—burns, for example. Now, researchers in California have designed what could be a harmless trigger to date: shining near-infrared light (NIR,近红外线) on the drug in the capsule.
The idea of using light to liberate the drug in the capsule isn't new. Researchers around the globe have developed polymers (聚合物) and other materials that begin to break down when they absorb either ultraviolet (UV,紫外线) or visible light. But tissues also readily absorb UV and visible light, which means the drug release can be triggered only near the skin, where the light can reach the capsule. NIR light largely passes through tissues, so researchers have tried to use it as a trigger. But few compounds(化合物) absorb NIR well and go through chemical changes.
That changed last year when Adah Almutairi, a chemist at the University of California, San Diego, reported that she and her colleagues had designed a polymer that breaks down when it absorbs NIR light. Their polymer used a commercially available NIR-absorbing group called o-nitrobenzyl (ONB). When they catch the light, ONB groups fall off the polymer, leading to its breakdown. But ONB is only a so-so NIR absorber, and it could be poisonous to cells when it separates from the polymer.
So Almutairi and her colleagues reported creating a new material for capsules that's even better. This one consists of a long chain of compounds called cresol groups linked in a polymer. Cresol contains reactive(易反应的) components that make it highly unstable in its polymeric form, a feature Almutairi and her colleagues use to their advantage. After polymerizing the cresols, they cap each reactive component with a light-absorbing compound called Bhc. When the Bhcs absorb NIR light, the reactive groups are exposed and break the long polymer into two short chains. Shining additional light continues this breakdown, potentially releasing any drugs in the capsule. What's more, Almutairi says, Bhc is 10 times better at absorbing NIR than is ONB and is not poisonous to cells.

1.
According to the passage, which of the following could be the best trigger?
1. A.
  Temperature change.
2. B.
  NIR light.
3. C.
  Acidity change.
4. D.
  UV light.
2.
Why in ONB unsatisfactory?
1. A.
  It breaks down when it absorbs NIR light.
2. B.
  It falls off the polymer and triggers drug release.
3. C.
  It has not come onto the market up till now.
4. D.
  It is not effective enough and could be poisonous.
3.
Which word can be used to complete the following process of changes?
?Part of the cresol is____. ??
1. A.
  protected
2. B.
  formed
3. C.
  exposed
4. D.
  combined

Franz Kafka wrote that “a book must be the ax (斧子) for the frozen sea inside us. ”I once shared this sentence with a class of seventh graders, and it didn’t seem to require any explanation.
We’d just finished John Steinbeck’s novel Of Mice and Men. When we read the end together out loud in class, my toughest boy, a star basketball player, wept a little, and so did I. “Are you crying?” one girl asked, as she got out of her chair to take a closer look. “I am,” I told her, “and the funny thing is I’ve read it many times.”
But they understood. When George shoots Lennie, the tragedy is that we realize it was always going to happen. In my 14 years of teaching in a New York City public middle school, I’ve taught kids with imprisoned parents, abusive parents, irresponsible parents; kids who are parents themselves; kids who are homeless; kids who grew up in violent neighborhoods. They understand, more than I ever will, the novel’s terrible logic—the giving way of dreams to fate (命运).
For the last seven years, I have worked as a reading enrichment teacher, reading classic works of literature with small groups of students from grades six to eight. I originally proposed this idea to my headmaster after learning that a former excellent student of mine had transferred out of a selective high school—one that often attracts the literary-minded children of Manhattan’s upper classes—into a less competitive setting. The daughter of immigrants, with a father in prison, she perhaps felt uncomfortable with her new classmates. I thought additional “cultural capital” could help students like her develop better in high school, where they would unavoidably meet, perhaps for the first time, students who came from homes lined with bookshelves, whose parents had earned Ph. D.’s.
Along with Of Mice and Men, my groups read: Sounder, The Red Pony, Lord of the Flies, Romeo and Juliet and Macbeth. The students didn’t always read from the expected point of view. About The Red Pony, one student said, “it’s about being a man, it’s about manliness. ”I had never before seen the parallels between Scarface and Macbeth, nor had I heard Lady Macbeth’s soliloquies (独白) read as raps (说唱), but both made sense; the interpretations were playful, but serious. Once introduced to Steinbeck’s writing, one boy went on to read The Grapes of Wrath and told me repeatedly how amazing it was that “all these people hate each other, and they’re all white.” His historical view was broadening, his sense of his own country deepening. Year after year, former students visited and told me how prepared they had felt in their first year in college as a result of the classes.
Year after year, however, we are increasing the number of practice tests. We are trying to teach students to read increasingly complex texts, not for emotional punch (碰撞) but for text complexity. Yet, we cannot enrich (充实) the minds of our students by testing them on texts that ignore their hearts. We are teaching them that words do not amaze but confuse. We may succeed in raising test scores, but we will fail to teach them that reading can be transformative and that it belongs to them.

1.
The underlined words in Paragraph 1 probably mean that a book helps to __________.
1. A.
  realize our dreams
2. B.
  give support to our life
3. C.
  smooth away difficulties
4. D.
  awake our emotions
2.
Why were the students able to understand the novel Of Mice and Men?
1. A.
  Because they spent much time reading it.
2. B.
  Because they had read the novel before.
3. C.
  Because they came from a public school.
4. D.
  Because they had similar life experiences.
3.
The girl left the selective high school possibly because__________.
1. A.
  she was a literary-minded girl
2. B.
  her parents were immigrants
3. C.
  she couldn’t fit in with her class
4. D.
  her father was then in prison
4.
To the author’s surprise, the students read the novels__________.
1. A.
  creatively
2. B.
  passively
3. C.
  repeatedly
4. D.
  carelessly
5.
The author writes the passage mainly to__________.
1. A.
  introduce classic works of literature
2. B.
  advocate teaching literature to touch the heart
3. C.
  argue for equality among high school students
4. D.
  defend the current testing system

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According to the passage, the United States and Columbia were on bad terms because the United States had ________.

From the information in the passage, it can be concluded that the United States ______.

It can be inferred from the passage that an important reason for the decision of the United States to build a canal was to _______.

The passage mainly gives us________.

The statement “The business of America is business” probably means ________

Americans believe that they can realize their personal values only _______

Who can benefit from business competition?

Government is believed to differ strikingly from business in that government is characterized by ________

It can be inferred from the passage that the author believes ___________

From the passage we know ________

What’s the author’s feeling when writing the passage?

What can be inferred from the passage ?

What would be the best title for the passage ?

According to the California study, the low-scoring group might ______.

What is the researchers’ understanding of the New Zealand study results?

What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?

What would be the best title for this text?

According to the author, if you’ve lost your job you should .

We can learn from the study in Paragraph 2 that .

The underlined word “obstacles” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to some thing___________

The fifth paragraph was written to tell us that .

What did Helen do after she found Ed was missing?

We learn from this passage that Ed .

When did the author know that Ed was found?

What can we infer from the passage?

This passage is mainly about_________________.

The words “ bring him out of his shell” in this passage most probably means ____.

According to the passage, an important way in making friends is to ________.

The words “ Be alive to” in the last sentence of this passage most probably means________.

Jimmy’s parents died .

Jimmy and his sister escaped from the earthquake because .

The sister and brother lived a hard life because .

Which of the following is TRUE?

According to the passage, which of the following could be the best trigger?

Why in ONB unsatisfactory?

Which word can be used to complete the following process of changes??Part of the cresol is____. ??

The underlined words in Paragraph 1 probably mean that a book helps to __________.

Why were the students able to understand the novel Of Mice and Men?

The girl left the selective high school possibly because__________.

To the author’s surprise, the students read the novels__________.

The author writes the passage mainly to__________.

试题分类

Which word can be used to complete the following process of changes?
?Part of the cresol is____. ??