Oxford is a very old town on the River Thames, about 60 miles from London. Unlike modern university towns, where you usually find the university on the edge of the town, or on its own campus(校园), Oxford’s center is the university; and around the crossroads at the very heart of Oxford, Carfax, there are grey stone colleges and other university buildings. In the center you can also find interesting old restaurants. There are a lot of churches, and few really large and interesting buildings, such as Ashmolean Museum, the round library, the Bodleain and the Radcliff Camera. Like all English towns, there are parks. The Parks is the home of university cricket(板球). In the summer months, as you leave the center and go towards the edge of Oxford you can see industrial areas in one direction; and in another, beautiful suburbs(郊区). There is, in fact, quite a lot of industry in Oxford.

1.
The passage mainly introduces to us _____ .
1. A.
  an old industrial center.
2. B.
  well-known university.
3. C.
  a famous university town.
4. D.
  newly developed town.
2.
Visitors to Oxford will find that _____ .
1. A.
  the university is also the town center.
2. B.
  one of the crossroads is called Carfax.
3. C.
  the university is on the edge of the town.
4. D.
  most buildings are modern and interesting.
3.
What’s the special about The Parks?
1. A.
  All towns in Britain have parks like this.
2. B.
  It is the only park in Oxford.
3. C.
  It’s the home of Oxford sportsmen.
4. D.
  It is related to a popular game.

Most students hate their endless homework. The students from Class 2, Senior 2 of the High School Affiliated to Peking University certainly did before they published their own collection of English novels at home.
Their small book contains stories about a holy (神圣的) war, the happy life of a self-taught artist and the story of a laid-off worker who devoted his last breath to playing his beloved accordion (手风琴). The book becomes an instant hit on campus. About 3,000 copies have been sold and the class is already working on the second volume.
"We’re up to our ears in homework. Exercises and exams make us out of breath. But to do something creative and full of imagination is such a great achievement," said Yu Xiaoxiao, 16.
"I took the writing as an ordinary homework at the beginning, but after I finished the first part of my story, I could not help but let it flow," said Wang An, who wrote "Accordion".
Inspired by "Lord of the Rings", Jiang Lu wrote his story about magic wars between angels from the light and the dark side. "The main message of the story was to look at the balance of the world. Both dark and light angels fight with love as their weapons. I want to tell people that selfish love might bring hate," Jiang said.
"I was shocked by their work and felt so proud to be the editor of my students’ book," said Nathaniel Timmermann, the oral English teacher at the school. Liu Xiuqin, an English teacher, started the project by asking students to write whatever was in their mind every week. "They have performed beyond expectation," Liu said. "They wrote interesting stories and their English has improved after they started to express their real minds."
"We never imagined that our homework would be so popular and profitable (盈利的). We sell the novels at five yuan, but many teachers pay more to encourage us," said Yuan Mengyao.

1.
After Wang An finished the first part of his story, he _________.
1. A.
  couldn’t go on
2. B.
  had to put it aside
3. C.
  just wanted to express it freely
4. D.
  lost it
2.
What was not the outcome of the students’ homework of writing whatever was in their mind?
1. A.
  Being popular.
2. B.
  Being profitable.
3. C.
  Improving their English.
4. D.
  Winning prize.
3.
What is the reason for the students’ liking to write interesting stories?
1. A.
  It is creative and imaginative.
2. B.
  It is profitable.
3. C.
  Interesting stories are sure to be popular.
4. D.
  Interesting stories can be well sold.
4.
What is the best title of this passage?
1. A.
  Creative homework leads to a popular book
2. B.
  Writing interesting stories
3. C.
  Students’ new book
4. D.
  A popular book

Let’s pretend we’re sailing down the Rhine River on a pleasure boat. The Rhine is one of the main waterways of Germany, and the river traffic is heavy. It’s interesting to watch the many boats going up and down the river. But the river traffic is not nearly so interesting as the beautiful scenery along the banks and hillsides. The boat is passing many old castles. We can see people working in the vineyards (葡萄园) on the hillsides. There are vineyards as far as the eye can see. Wine from the Rhine Valley is famous all over the world.
Suddenly our boat slows down and begins to turn a little. We are coming to a sharp bend in the river. On our right we can see a rocky cliff over 400 feet high. At first it looks quite ordinary, but there is nothing ordinary about it. There are many stories, poems, and songs about the cliff. We are looking at the Lorelei. Then someone on the boat begins to sing in German, the song of the Lorelei. It is a song about a beautiful siren (妖妇) who has lured(引诱) many sailors to their deaths.
The siren is supposed to sit on the rock combing her long golden hair and singing. The sailors who hear her forget to steer（掌舵）, and the current of river hurls (掀翻) their boats on the rocks and dashes（猛撞）them to pieces.
Soon other people on the boat begin to sing. The beautiful song adds to special magic to the moment, and you begin to realize why so many people have made this trip down the Rhine to see the rock of the Lorelei.

1.
The most interesting thing to those who are sailing down the Rhine River on a pleasure boat is .
1. A.
  to watch many boats going up and down the river
2. B.
  to see the beautiful scene along the banks and hillsides
3. C.
  to hear a song about beautiful siren
4. D.
  to see a beautiful siren combing her golden hair
2.
Which of the following is famous all over the world?
1. A.
  The Rhine River.
2. B.
  The River Traffic.
3. C.
  Wine from the Rhine Valley.
4. D.
  The Lorelei.
3.
We can see a rocky cliff over 400 feet high .
1. A.
  on our right when coming to a sharp bend
2. B.
  on the Rhine hillsides
3. C.
  from the Rhine Valley
4. D.
  on the boat
4.
The song of the Lorelei is about .
1. A.
  The Rhine wine
2. B.
  a rocky cliff
3. C.
  the beautiful scenery along the Rhine River
4. D.
  a beautiful and dangerous siren

It is impossible not to make a mistake at some points in your life. We may as well accept that something will go wrong and we will be to blame. It is therefore sensible to work out some strategies for apologizing, and the best way to apologize is by letter. This way you can take care over every work you write— which you can’t do if you say sorry to someone in person.
We all say or do something that we wish we hadn’t said or done. You may say something that accidentally hurts someone, or you may provide a service which doesn’t come up to the standards that a client or customer expected.
You may feel that it was a genuine mistake which couldn’t be avoided. Rather than dwell on the mistake, you should quickly try to remedy（修补）the problem. An effective letter of apology is an important part of that process.
For the contents of the letter, just remember TABS—Timing, Action, Brevity, Sincerity.
The timing of a letter of apology is essential—it must be sent as soon as possible. Any delay in our sending the letter will only compound the problem. In this case “Better late than never” is not the best motto! The longer you wait before you wait before writing a letter of apology, the more it will seem that you have been coerced（被迫）into writing it.
Although it is important to recognize what has gone before, it is also essential to detail the action you plan to take to rectify whatever it was you did wrong. Research has shown that some indication that you have thought about what future action you plan to take is always well received.
A letter of apology should be brief and the word “sorry” should appear no more than twice. Indicate that you are aware using it a second time—“once again, I am so sorry for…” or “as I said earlier, I am really sorry about…”. Finally, the tone of the letter has to be sincere. In fact, the combination of all the above factors will help in this respect.
And don’t think that letters are out of date in the email—oriented 21st century. An apology email can be worse than no apology at all!

1.
What kind of advice does the text suggest about apologizing?
1. A.
  It’s a good idea to write a letter of apology as soon as something has gone wrong.
2. B.
  It’s a good idea to send several emails to apologize.
3. C.
  Write a long letter apologizing several times to make your point.
4. D.
  Wait to see how they react to your letter before planning to do anything.
2.
What kind of things do you NOT apologize for?
1. A.
  A service that is not as good as it should be.
2. B.
  Genuine mistakes.
3. C.
  Car accidents.
4. D.
  Causing offence or hurt.
3.
The underlined expression “Rather than dwell on the mistake” in the third paragraph means you _____.
1. A.
  should not waste time worrying about what happened.
2. B.
  should consider the problem
3. C.
  should forget about what happened.
4. D.
  should analyse who was at fault.
4.
How can timing compound problems?
1. A.
  If you write immediately, they will be suspicious.
2. B.
  If you leave it for a few days, they will know it is your idea to write.
3. C.
  Waiting for a few days before you write will show your sincerity.
4. D.
  Waiting too long will make it worse because they won’t believe you mean it.

Manners nowadays in metropolitan cities like London are practically non-existence, it’s nothing for a big, strong schoolboy to elbow an elderly woman aside in the dash for the last remaining seat on the tube or bus, much less stand up and offer his seat to her.
This question of giving up seats in public transport is much argued by young men, who say that, since women have claimed equality, they no longer deserve to be treated with courtesy 礼貌、谦让) and that those who go out to work should take their turn in the rat race like anyone else. Women have never claimed to be physically as strong as men. Even if it is not agreed, however, that young men should stand up for younger women, the fact remains that courtesy should be shown to the old, the sick and the burdened. Are we really so lost to all ideals of unselfishness that we can sit there indifferently reading the paper or a book, saying to ourselves “First come, first severed”, while a grey-haired woman, a mother with a young child stands? Yet this is all too often seen.?
Older people, tired and quick-tempered from a day's work, are not angels, either-far from it. Many a brisk argument or an insulting quarrel breaks out as the weary queues push and shove each other to get on buses and tubes. One cannot commend this, of course, but on does feel there is just a little more excuse.?
If cities are to remain pleasant places to live in at all, however, it seems imperative（迫切的）, not only that communications in transport should be improved, but also that communication between human beings should be kept smooth and polite. All over cities, it seems that people are too tired and too rushed to be polite. Shop assistant's won't bother to assist, taxi drivers growl at each other as they dash dangerously round corners, bus conductors pull the bell before their desperate passengers have had time to get on or off the bus, and so on and so on. It seems to us that it is up to the young and strong to do their small part to stop such deterioration（恶化）.?

1.
What is the writer's opinion concerning courteous manners towards women??
1. A.
  Since women have claimed equality, they no longer need to be treated differently from men.?
2. B.
  It is generally considered old-fashioned for young men to give up their seats to young women.?
3. C.
  "Lady First" should be universally practiced.?
4. D.
  Special consideration ought to be shown to them.?
2.
According to the passage communication between human beings would not be smoother unless ________.
1. A.
  people were more considerate towards each other?
2. B.
  people were not so tired and quick-tempered?
3. C.
  women were treated with more courtesy?
4. D.
  public transport could be improved.?
3.
The author probably does NOT agree that in big cities _______.
1. A.
  Life will be even worse if no change is made
2. B.
  transport conditions are rather poor
3. C.
  it’s not uncommon to see people quarrel in public places
4. D.
  it’s unreasonable to require the tired people to be polite
4.
The main purpose of the author is to ________.
1. A.
  call on people in big cities to pay more attention to politeness
2. B.
  blame the schoolboys’ rude behavior towards elderly women on the tube or bus
3. C.
  criticize the fast pace of city life
4. D.
  tell young men to give their seats to elderly people
5.
How could you describe the tone of this passage?
1. A.
  acceptable
2. B.
  opponent
3. C.
  negative
4. D.
  encouraging

Help or Not
Dear editor,
During last year's winter holiday, I went shopping with my grandmother. We saw several beggars. Some of them were disabled, which made me feel sad. Among them were old people, young people and even children! When I wanted to help them, my grandmother stopped me. She told me they were not worth showing mercy to because some beggars cheated people out of their money. Should I help them?
Yours,
Mary from Guangzhou
Dear Mary,
While I understand your grandmother’s point of view, I think that just because some beggars have cheated people, this doesn’t mean you should never help any beggars.
Showing mercy to people who are not as fortunate as us is one of the kindest things we can do. While some beggars may use dishonest means to get money, most beggars will not. Even those who use dishonest means are probably hungry for food and feel they have no choice but to cheat people. It is important to be careful for your own safety. But if you want to help, you don’t necessarily have to give it to beggars in the street.
Another way you can help is by donating money to the China Charity Federation. Visit its website at: www. china charity. cn.net.

1.
From the grandmother’s point of view, we can learn that ________.
1. A.
  she has never helped the beggars.
2. B.
  she believes not all beggars are honest
3. C.
  she has surely been cheated by some beggars
4. D.
  she shows no pity for the poor
2.
Mary felt sad for _______.
1. A.
  her grandmother
2. B.
  the disabled beggars
3. C.
  the old people
4. D.
  herself
3.
The editor suggests that Mary should _______.
1. A.
  have her own mind
2. B.
  follow her grandmother
3. C.
  do something for those unfortunate
4. D.
  help the China Charity Federation
4.
The underlined word “donating” probably means _______.
1. A.
  give out of kindness
2. B.
  put into a business
3. C.
  earn through an organization
4. D.
  give in return for some kindness

Research shows that humans switch from selfish to unselfish behaviour when they are watched. Do you?
A picture of a set of eyes on a computer screen can cause a change in the way people act. Even images of eyes on a charity donation, collection box encourage people to be unselfish, because people put more money in a collection box that has a picture of eyes on it than they do when a flower symbol is on the box.
Manfred Milinski from the Max-Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology in Germany and Bettina Rockenbach of the University of Berlin, the authors of a new study, found that people act better when they are being watched because they feel they will be rewarded for good behaviour. Their report also referred to other research showing that this response of behaving well when watched is somehow coded into humans and people respond this way unconsciously, or without realizing it.
It is not just humans that act unselfishly when they are being watched. A fish called the grooming fish cleans other fish. When other fish are around, it is gentler. When no other fish are around, however, the grooming fish bites chunks from the fish it is supposed to be cleaning.
The researchers suggest that the best way to get people to behave in the correct way is to make them feel watched. This could be the reason for the success of a famous American army poster. On it was a picture of an elderly man staring fiercely and pointing, it appeared, to the person who was looking at the poster. Under the picture was the caption 'I Want You' It encouraged hundreds of thousands of young American men to join the army during the Second World War to fight the Germans and Japanese.

1.
According to the report, why does a person behave better when he feels he is being watched?
1. A.
  He does not want to be shamed by others.
2. B.
  He needs to show he is a good person.
3. C.
  He desires others to like him more.
4. D.
  He feels he will receive some social reward.
2.
What is the text mainly about?
1. A.
  It describes changed behaviour when observed.
2. B.
  It details ways to control people's behaviour.
3. C.
  It tells how to make people work harder.
4. D.
  It discusses different advertising methods.
3.
Where would the study described in the text most likely be found?
1. A.
  In a newspaper.
2. B.
  In a scientific journal.
3. C.
  In an advertising magazine.
4. D.
  In a science textbook.

Vending machines （投币式自动售货机） are found in 16% of U.S.elementary schools, 52% of middle schools and 88% of high schools.About 22% of students in grades 1 through 12 buy food in vending machines each day—and those purchases added an average of 253 calories to their diets, according to a new study in the September issue of the Journal of School Health.
Just to be clear, those were not 253 calories' worth of tofu, yogurt or carrot.The most popular vending machine items included soft drinks, candy, chips, crackers, cookies, cakes and ice cream.On the plus side （好的方面）, kids also bought low-fat milk, fruit juice and even fruit, the study found.
But the eventual effect on kids' diets was not good.Those who bought from vending machines ate an average of 156 grams of sugar per day, compared with 146 grams for those who abstained （节制）.They also consumed less fiber, iron and vitamin B.
One silver lining: Vending machine customers ate 4% less sodium （钠） than other students--an average of 3,287 milligrams per day compared with 3,436 mg for those who didn't buy from vending machines.That's probably because the extra snacks made kids too full to eat as much at mealtimes, when dishes are especially Salty.In any event, kids should eat no more than 1,200 to 1,500 mg of sodium each day, according to the Mayo Clinic.Even for adults, the government recommends a daily limit of 2,300 mg.
Overall, vending machines in school appear to be a threat to children's health.The researchers calculated that all that snacking adds up to about14 extra pounds per child per school year.For some students this might be a serious contributor to weight issues.The study was based on data collected from 2,309 children nationwide for the third School Nutrition Dietary Assessment Study, which was
conducted by the U.S.Department of Agriculture's Food and Nutrition Service.

1.
The students using vending machines take in less of all the following EXCEPT .
1. A.
  sugar
2. B.
  fiber
3. C.
  vitamin
4. D.
  iron
2.
The underlined words “One silver lining” mean “ ”.
1. A.
  a discouraging condition at present
2. B.
  a bright side of a difficult situation
3. C.
  an urgent warning from health experts
4. D.
  an increasing concern from the public
3.
Why do kids buying food from vending machines take less salt probably?
1. A.
  They prefer less salty food.
2. B.
  They have formed healthy eating habits.
3. C.
  They eat less food at mealtimes.
4. D.
  They take less junk food as snacks.
4.
What's the purpose of the text?
1. A.
  To teach children a balanced diet.
2. B.
  To introduce the finding of a new study.
3. C.
  To remind parents of children's health.
4. D.
  To tell the history of vending machines.

It seems that every week someone becomes “the first” or “the youngest” or even “the first married couple” to do something that doesn’t seem to be very useful to the rest of us.
Why do they do it? Don’t they have better things to do with their time and money? And why should I be interested anyway? Human beings have already climbed the highest mountains, sailed across the oceans and flown around the world. Many of these things were done a long, long time ago. There just isn’t anything left to explore nowadays. I suppose there’s still a lot of the universe left, and the bottom of the ocean is still a bit of a mystery, but you need a lot of technology to explore areas like that. So, those people who feel the need for adventure can only do things that have been done before.
In May of this year a British man became the first person to walk alone from Canada to the North Pole. Personally, if I wanted to visit the Arctic, I’d rather go as a tourist on a cruise ship, with a helicopter trip to the North Pole included in the price. But OK, this man decided that he wanted to walk. The problem was that he went in the spring when the ice begins to melt and break up. So he got stuck on a longely piece of ice and a plane had to be sent in to rescue him.
These sorts of rescues are making many Australians angry with these record breakers. People trying to break sailing or rowing records get into trouble in the seas. So the Australian navy has to send ships to save them and this costs the government millions of dollars. I suppose we can’t just leave them to drown but we should give the bill to the people who are rescued.

1.
According to the author, the so-called record breakers .
1. A.
  do not benefit other people at all
2. B.
  inspire people to continue exploring
3. C.
  are boring and should be stopped
4. D.
  are usually not wealthy enough
2.
We can infer from the second paragraph that .
1. A.
  there are no high mountains for people to climb
2. B.
  nothing is left for people to explore in the universe
3. C.
  it’s beyond ordinary people to explore the unknown
4. D.
  human beings could fly around the world long ago
3.
Many Australians are angry because the record breakers .
1. A.
  often get into trouble
2. B.
  never use a cruise ship or a helicopter
3. C.
  never pay their own costs
4. D.
  satisfy their needs at the cost of others’ interest
4.
What is the writer’s attitude towards the record breakers?
1. A.
  Positive.
2. B.
  Negative.
3. C.
  Uninterested.
4. D.
  Neutral（中立的）.

Welcome to catch the excitement of your child on film while fishing and enter his or her picture in the yearly contest! The contest is sponsored by Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries（VDGIF）in celebration of National Fishing Week!
The winning pictures are those that best catch the theme “kids enjoy fishing”. Winners will receive different fishing-related prizes. Winning pictures will also be posted on the VDGIF website and may be used in all kinds of VDGIF publications. There is no need to be a professional photographer. Any photo will do.
Contest Rules
·Children in the photos must fall into one of the following age groups when the picture is taken: 1—5，6—10.
·Photos must not be more than 1 year old.
·Photos must be taken in Virginia.
·Children in a boat must be wearing a life jacket.
·Only one photo submission per child.
·Submit photo on photograph quality paper, no CD’s accepted.
·Photos must not be bigger than “4×6” size.
·Please stick a piece of paper to the back of the photo including: name, age, address, phone number and location where the photograph was taken.
·Photos must be postmarked on or before June 19, 2011.
·Judging will take place in July and winners will be posted on the VDGIF website.
·Prizes will be sent directly to the winning children.
·This contest isn’t open to immediate family of VDGIF employees and sponsors. Immediate family members refer to children, relatives or others living in the same household with a VDGIF employee or sponsor.
To Enter:
Send your photo, with the child’s name, age, phone number and address to: 2011 Kids’n Fishing Photo Contest…

1.
The purpose of the contest is to .
1. A.
  encourage people to take more pictures
2. B.
  celebrate a national fishing-related activity
3. C.
  help people realize the importance of fishing
4. D.
  encourage people to go fishing with kids
2.
Which of the following photos can enter the contest?
1. A.
  A photo which was taken in California in 2009.
2. B.
  A large photo whose postmark is July 11, 2011.
3. C.
  A photo which was taken in Virginia on September 23,2010.
4. D.
  A photo on which there is a 12-year-old girl.
3.
What can be known about the prize of the contest?
1. A.
  Winners will get a great deal of money.
2. B.
  Winners will be allowed to travel in Virginia for free.
3. C.
  Winners’ works will be seen on any website.
4. D.
  Winner’s works may appear on the covers of VDGIF publications.

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The passage mainly introduces to us _____ .

Visitors to Oxford will find that _____ .

What’s the special about The Parks?

After Wang An finished the first part of his story, he _________.

What was not the outcome of the students’ homework of writing whatever was in their mind?

What is the reason for the students’ liking to write interesting stories?

What is the best title of this passage?

The most interesting thing to those who are sailing down the Rhine River on a pleasure boat is .

Which of the following is famous all over the world?

We can see a rocky cliff over 400 feet high .

The song of the Lorelei is about .

What kind of advice does the text suggest about apologizing?

What kind of things do you NOT apologize for?

The underlined expression “Rather than dwell on the mistake” in the third paragraph means you _____.

How can timing compound problems?

What is the writer's opinion concerning courteous manners towards women??

According to the passage communication between human beings would not be smoother unless ________.

The author probably does NOT agree that in big cities _______.

The main purpose of the author is to ________.

How could you describe the tone of this passage?

From the grandmother’s point of view, we can learn that ________.

Mary felt sad for _______.

The editor suggests that Mary should _______.

The underlined word “donating” probably means _______.

According to the report, why does a person behave better when he feels he is being watched?

What is the text mainly about?

Where would the study described in the text most likely be found?

The students using vending machines take in less of all the following EXCEPT .

The underlined words “One silver lining” mean “ ”.

Why do kids buying food from vending machines take less salt probably?

What's the purpose of the text?

According to the author, the so-called record breakers .

We can infer from the second paragraph that .

Many Australians are angry because the record breakers .

What is the writer’s attitude towards the record breakers?

The purpose of the contest is to .

Which of the following photos can enter the contest?

What can be known about the prize of the contest?

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