We feel sad that 22 primary school stu-dents in Central China's Henan province were wounded by a villager with mental health problems wielding a knife on Friday, the same day as 20 children and seven adults in the United States were shot dead by a gunman in Connecticut. While the school shooting in the US brings forth the topic of gun control, the tragedy in China points to the necessity of tightening security in schools, those in rural areas in particular.

This tragedy took place in a rural primary school in Guangshan county and the preliminary investigation shows that the culprit with a knife in his hand entered the school without anyone stopping him, and then he hacked his way from the first floor of the school building to the third floor.

It would have been extremely difficult to stop the gunman who shot the students in Connecticut, but it should have been possible to stop the man from attacking the school children in Guangshan.

The culprit might not have been able to enter the school had there been security guards, who were responsible

enough to stop him and ask his identity. But unfortunately there was not even a janitor, never mind security guards, at the school gate at the time, according to reports.

It might have been possible to subdue the culprit had teachers come to the defense of the students. It was reported that some boys blocked the door of their classroom and the attacker failed to cause any harm to students in that classroom. But where were all the teachers?

The ministries of education and public security required that local governments must arrange security guards at nurseries and primary schools two years ago when a series of similar tragedies occurred at kindergartens.

Now there are security guards in most urban schools. But apparently this rural village school had no one to guard the students from intruders. Neither was there any preventive measure in place, say a janitor or an alarm system, in case any intruder broke into the school.

The school principal and even the county leader will receive disciplinary punishments. But will all the rural school principals and local government leaders be made to discuss all the safety hazards children may face at school and then adopt preventive measures in advance? We shouldn't wait until another tragedy occurs.

71. Why does the writer mention the criminal cases both in China and in the US?

A. Because the two criminals belong to the same organization.

B. Because the two criminal cases are both shocking

C. Because the writer can prove that it ’ s more dangerous to live in the US

D. Because the writer may show it ’ s common for children to be killed by criminals.

72. The underlined word “ subdue ” in Paragraph 5 is probably closest to “ ________ ”

A. control the actions of B. make gentle in effect

C. keep safe from harm D. stay away from

73. According to the last paragraph, the writer will probably agree to _________.

A. punish the county leader B. discuss safety hazards with children.

C. set up preventive measures. D. see and wait for another tragedy

74. Which of the following could be the best title for the passage ?

A. Improve School Security B. Control Guns and knives

C. Stop Killing Children, Criminals D. Please Protect Our Children

75. After similar tragedies occurred at kindergartens two years ago, ________.

A. most urban schools began to have security guards

B. ministries of education and public security sent security guards to schools

C. security guards left rural village school for urban schools

D. gunmen in Connecticut of the US were insp

Jockeys are the smallest athletes. They are rarely over five feet six, or 120 pounds. The lighter the weight on the horse, the faster it can go.

Riding fast horses on the track is tough on the small jockeys. The jockey doesn ’ t “ sit ” on the horse. He leans

forward on his legs. The strain is on his thighs( 大腿 ) and calf( 小腿 ) muscles. As jockeys age, their legs “ go ” first. Jockeys also need arm strength. It ’ s a strain holding a 1000-pound racehorse.

On muddy days, jockeys get a pounding of mud. The mud comes flying off the hooves( 蹄 ) of the horses in front.“ It feels like someone is punching you all over, ” says one rider.

And a jockey can be hurt. A jockey can have a leg jammed between two horses. Or it can get caught between horse and the rail. The worst accidents are from falls. A horse may fall on his rider. Or horses behind may trample if he hits the track. In one year about 240 riders are hurt badly. That ’ s one out of six jockeys.

But the jockeys are well-paid. A jockey keeps about ten percent of the money his horses win. Jacinto Vasquez, a five-foot-three comer, has ridden horses to ＄ 7,000,000 in wins in the last eight years, which means he does almost ＄100,000 a year.

Why do some jockeys do better than others ? “ It isn ’ t the way a boy sits on a horse or uses the reins or the whip, ”says Conn McCreary. McCreary was a top jockey of the 1950 ’ s. He rode two Kentucky Derby winners. “ Most jockeys do this the same. It ’ s the ‘ feel ’ he has for the horses. ”

“ When you come right down to it, it just seems that horses run better for some riders, ” McCreary says. “ A real good jockey doesn ’ t lose with the best horse. And sometimes he ’ ll win with the second or third best. ”

Many Latin-American riders, like Jacinto, seem to have the knack knack knack knack . “ Maybe it ’ s because we grew up with horses, ” says Jacinto. “ Maybe it ’ s because we like to ride. There was a strike at Aqueduct last year. Me, Jorge Velasquez, and A n gel Cordero (two other top Latin riders) went to a park. We rented horses, and rode around the bridle path( 骑马专用道 )! ”

66. The main idea of Paragraph 1 is about ______________.

A. the size of jockeys. B. the age of jockeys

C. the size of the horse D. the speed of the horse

67. When a jockey is riding a fast horse, he doesn ’ t __________.

A. really sit on the horse B. lean forward on his legs

C. use much arm strength D. get any mud on wet track

68. The most dangerous problem for a jockey arises __________________.

A. when his leg is jammed between two horses

B. when his clothes are splashed over with mud.

C. when the jockey ’ s horse falls on the jockey

D. when the jockey is not well paid

69. A really good jockey can often win a race ____________.

A. only when he rides on the best horse B. even when he rides the second best horse

C. when he rides on a rented horse D. if the horse is just a Kentucky Herby

70. The underlined word “ Knack ” in the last paragraph probably means__________________

A. special skill B. dangerous hobby C. riding culture D. excellent horses.

Preface to the fourth fourth edition

A practical English Grammar is intended for intermediate( 中级的 ) and post-intermediate students. We hope that more advanced learners and teachers will also find it useful.

The book is a comprehensive survey of structures and forms, written in clear modern English and illustrated with numerous examples. Areas of particular difficulty have been given special attention. Differences between

conversational usage and strict grammatical forms are shown but the emphasis is on controversial forms.

In the fourth edition the main changes are as follows.

1. Explanation and examples have been brought up to date.

2. There is now more information on countable and uncountable nouns, attributive and predicative adjectives, adverbs of place, sentence adverbs, cleft sentences, prepositions, conjunctives, modal verbs, perfect tenses, infinitive constructions, the passive, purpose clauses and nouns.

3. Some material has been rearranged to make comparisons easier. For example , parts of chapters on can, may, must etc. are now grouped by functions; verbs of liking and preference have a chapter to themselves; suggestions and invitations have joined the chapter on commands, requests and advice.

4. The contents list now summaries every edition heading, and there is a new index containing many more entries

references.

In this edition the sign “ ～ ” is frequently used to show a change of speaker in examples of dialogue. Note also that although the sign “ ＝ ” sometimes connects two words or expressions with the same meaning, it is often used more freely, e.g. to indicate a transformation from active to passive or direct to indirect speech.

We wish to thank all at Oxford University Press who have assisted in the preparation of the fourth edition. We

would also like to thank Professor Egawa of N i hon University, Japan, Professor Rene Dirven of Duisburg University, West Germany and other colleagues for their friendly and helpful suggestions.

London, November 1985 A.J.T., A.VM

61. The grammar book mentioned in this passage is not suitable for __________.

A. a middle school teacher. B. a college student

C. a senior high student. D. a primary school student.

62. According to the passage, we know that this grammar book ___________.

A. compares modern English with old English.

B. gives a large number of examples to reduce difficulty

C. attaches more importance to conversational forms.

D. pays little attention to strict grammatical forms

63. Which of the following statements about the changes is TRUE?

A. This book keeps up with the latest usages of the America English language.

B. This edition offers more information about pronouns.

C. One particular chapter discusses verbs like “ care, like, love, hate, prefer, wish ” .

D. It ’ s not easy for us to find the information we need in this book.

64. When you see this line in the book, “ Did you get a ticket ? – Yes, I managed to get one ” , we can understand that _______.

A. the two parts before and after the sign “ ～ ” mean the same.

B. the topic is changed in the part after the sign “ ～ ” .

C. the second speaker repeats what the first speaker says.

D. the two parts before and after “ ～ ” are said by two different people.

65. In the last paragraph, the authors than several people because _______.

A. they have helped the authors with this edition.

B. they have agreed to buy a lot of books from the authors

C. the authors want to make use of the fames of those people

D. those people will make advertisements for this book

Detective Keeling took his client ---- a good-looking lady into the back yard of the store together. The lady opened a door in the wall and they entered the small room behind the store. T h ey crossed the room to a locked door.

Mr. Keeling took some special keys from his pocket. M o ments later, one of the keys unlocked the door. The lady went into the store. She said she would hide under the table to keep watch on her husband. Mr. Keeling did not follow her.

The detective went quickly to the policeman ’ s house. Then the two men hurried to the jewellery store. They looked through the window. The policeman was surprised. He spoke to Mr. Keeling. “ I don ’ t understand. You told me, ‘ R o bbins took a young woman to a restaurant. ’ Where is she? ”

“ There she is ! ” said Mr. Keeling. He pointed through the window.

“ Do you know the lady with Robbins? ” asked the policeman.

“ That ’ s his secret friend, ” said Mr. Keeling.

“ NO! Y o u ’ re wrong! That ’ s Robbins ’ wife, ” said the policeman. “ I ’ ve known her for fifteen years. ”

“ What ? ” the detective shouted. H i s face became pale. “ Who is under the table in the store? ”

He started to kick the door of the jewellery store.

Mr. R o bbins came to the door and opened it. The policeman and the detective ran into the stroe.

“ Look under that table! ” shouted the detective. “ Be quick! ”

The policeman lifted the cloth and put his arm under the table. He pulled out a black dress, a black veil and a woman ’ s wig( 假发 ).

“ Is this young lady your wife? ” Mr. Keeling asked the jeweler . He pointed at the woman.

“ Yes! She is my wife ! ” said Mr. Robbins angrily. “ Why did you kick my door? Why are those clothes under my table? ”

“ Please check all the jewellery in your store, Mr. Robbins, ” the policeman said. “ Is anything missing? ”

Some diamond rings and some expensive necklaces were missing. The missing jewellery was worth ＄ 800.

Later that night, Mr. Keeling was sitting in his office. He was looking through a big book of photographs. They were photographs of criminals. The policeman had brought the book to the detective ’ s office. Suddenly, Mr. Keeling stopped turning the pages. He looked at a picture of a handsome young man with a familiar face.

The next morning, Mr. Keeling paid the jeweler ＄ 800, then closed his office.

56. At the beginning , the lady was able to go into the jewellery store because ___________.

A. She went to the back yard and found the way.

B. She was the owner of the store and had the key.

C. two men helped her together to enter the store.

D. Mr. Keeling unlocked the back door to the store.

57. The young lady who stayed with Mr. Robbins in the jewellery store was actually _________.

A. Mr. Robbins ’ sister B. Mr. Robbins ’ secret friend.

C. Mr. Robbins ’ wife. D. a clever thief

58. It can be inferred from the passage that Mr. Keeling cooperated with his client _____________.

A. so that he could get some jewellery from the store.

B. because he thought he was helping the lady.

C. because he wanted to play a joke on Mr. Robbins

D. so that he could get a job as a policeman

59. According to the story, _______________.

A. the boss of the store cheated ＄ 800 from Mr. Keeling

B. the thief stole ＄ 800 from the jewellery store.

C. the policeman and Mr. Robbins would share the ＄ 800.

D. Mr. Keeling paid ＄ 800 to the store because of his fault.

60. The missing jewellery worth ＄ 800 was in fact taken away by _____________.

A. a young woman B. a young man C. a detective D. a policeman

Known as the Animal Lady in this area which I lived in, I was always asked to lend a hand in animal 36 . One afternoon three little neighbor girls ran up  37  my door, saying a baby squirrel was on the sidewalk. I quickly  38   the kids and they led me to a tiny squirrel still with milk teeth. I   39  and held the little creature up gently in my arms to check it for   40  . It seemed fine. I figured the mother must have been killed, leaving it an orphan( 孤儿 ).Now, the baby was pretty hungry for  41  and then left its nest to search the neighborhood for help.

I was about to carry it into my   42   when I found several other babies   43   to run down the tree from where their nest was. With the first squirrel hid into my   44   , I stood at the base of the tree and was   45   when three more babies ran right down into my hands. Those dear little creatures were so happy to feel safe and   46 , and they all held each other close in my shirt. I took them home and   47   them bread and milk to eat. The poor starving things went   48   as they swallowed the meal.

I phoned a lady in the next town who  49   a small squirrel shelter. She had a big back yard with large  50  surrounded by a tall wooden fence. She assured me she was well   51   to care for the babies and provide a natural home for them when they were grown.

I love that those little girls cared enough about the squirrels to seek out the   52  of the Animal Lady! And I really  53  getting to help the baby creatures. And then the   54   of caring continued  55 the lady with the squirrel shelter took them in. How wonderful to be part of a chain of kindness.

36. A. hunt B. love C. cure D. rescue

37. A. to B. through C. for D. from

38. A. followed B. glanced C. comforted D. persuaded

39. A. came down B. bent down C. put down D. broke down

40. A. fur B. legs C. teeth D. injuries

41. A. milk B. vegetable C. nuts D. leaves

42. A. room B. car C. house D. cage

43. A. pretending B. waiting C. swinging D. starting

44. A. shoe B. pocket C. shirt D. drawer

45. A. puzzled B. interested C. astonished D. satisfied

46. A. nervous B. cold C. warm D. tired

47. A. handed B. showed C. gave D. lent

48. A. hungry B. wild C. sad D. afraid

49. A. owned B. needed C. sought D. shut

50. A. ladders B. flowers C. bamboos D. trees

51. A. organized B. equipped C. built D. known

52. A. shelter B. information C. advice D. help

53. A. minded B. regretted C. enjoyed D. appreciated

54. A. chain B. feeling C. sense D. connection

55. A. when B. if C. before D. until

I can not understand why Libya will become so complicated ________ I understand more from the medium.

A. after                 B. before             C. while         D. when

Faced with challenges, you should believe your courage is _________makes a difference.

A. how                 B. that                  C. which              D. what

 The fact ________ this country spends more on its military than on education and health care combined is a serious and worrying thought.

A ． where B ． which C ． that D ． why

Though ______ of danger, sightseers have been flocking to the site where the world ’ s biggest terrorist Bin Laden lived.

A. warned B. warning C. being warned D. having warned

 We ’ d better take umbrellas — I ’ m sure it _____ when we arrive in London; it ’ s always wet there at this time of year.

A. will rain B. is raining C. will be raining D. would rain