I know I should have told the headmaster at the time. That was my real   1  .

He had gone out of the study for some   2  , leaving me alone. In his absence I looked to see   3   was on his desk. In the   4   was a small piece of paper on which were written the   5   “English Writing Prize 1949. History Is a Serious of Biographies (人物传记)”.

A(n)   6   boy would have avoided looking at the title as soon as he saw the   7  . I did not. The subject of the English Writing Prize was kept a   8   until the start of the exam so I could not   9   reading it.

When the headmaster   10  , I was looking out of the window.

I should have told him what had   11   then. It would have been so   12   to say: “I’m sorry, but I   13   the title for the English Writing Prize on your desk. You’ll have to   14   it.”

The chance passed and I did not   15   it. I sat the exam the next day and I won. I didn’t 16   to cheat, but it was still cheating anyhow.

That was thirty-eight years   17   when I was fifteen. I have never told anyone about it before,   18   have I tried to explain to myself why not.

The obvious explanation is that I could not admit I had seen the title   19   admitting that I had been looking at the things on his desk.   20   there must have been more behind it. Whatever it was, it has become a good example of how a little mistake can trap (使陷入) you in a more serious moral corner (道德困境).

1. A. plan              B. fault                C. grade                D. luck

2. A. reason            B. course               C. example          D. vacation

3. A. this              B. which                C. that             D. what

4. A. drawer            B. corner               C. middle               D. box

5. A. names         B. words                C. ideas                D. messages

6. A. honest            B. handsome         C. friendly         D. active

7. A. desk          B. paper                C. book             D. drawer

8. A. question          B. key              C. note             D. secret

9. A. help              B. consider         C. practise         D. forget

10. A. disappeared      B. stayed               C. returned         D. went

11. A. existed          B. remained         C. happened         D. continued

12. A. tiring           B. easy             C. important            D. difficult

13. A. saw          B. gave             C. set              D. made

14. A. repeat           B. defend               C. correct              D. change

15. A. take         B. have             C. lose             D. find

16. A. remember     B. learn                C. mean             D. pretend

17. A. past         B. ago              C. then             D. before

18. A. either           B. never                C. nor              D. so

19. A. by               B. besides          C. through          D. without

20. A. But          B. Though           C. Otherwise            D. Therefore

Today we will explain a very old saying that has had a big influence on rock­and­roll music. That saying is “A rolling stone gathers no moss”.It has several meanings. One meaning is that a person who never settles down in one place will not be successful. Another is that someone who is always moving, with no roots in one place, avoids responsibilities.

This proverb was said to be first used in the 1500s. But in the 1960s, the expression “rolling stone” became famous in the world of rock­and­roll music. It became the name of a song, a rock group and a magazine.

Experts say it all started with a song by the American singer and guitarist Muddy Waters. He was one of the country's top blues musicians until his death in 1983. His music influenced singers like Elvis Presley and Bob Dylan. In 1950, Muddy Waters recorded a song called “Rolling Stone”.

A British rock group is said to have taken its name from Muddy Waters' song. The Rolling Stones performed for the first time in 1962.The group's members called themselves “the world's greatest rock­and­roll band”.

In 1965, Bob Dylan released his song “Like a Rolling Stone”.It is one of his best known and most influential works.

It is an angry song about a woman who was once rich and successful. But now she is on her own,“with no direction home, like a complete unknown, like a rolling stone”.

In 1967, a young man named Jann Wenner started a magazine and he named it “Rolling Stone”.The magazine reported on rock music and the popular culture that the music created. By 1971,“Rolling Stone” had become the leading rock music and counterculture publication. It is still popular today.

20.Which person can be described as a rolling stone according to the proverb?

A.A person who always changes his jobs.

B.A person who has a successful career.

C.A person who has no family.

D.A person who is out of work.

21.All of them are musicians except ________.

A.Elvis Presley  B.Bob Dylan

C.Muddy Waters  D.Jann Wenner

22.Who first used “rolling stone” as a name for music?

A.Jann Wenner.  B.Bob Dylan.

C.Elvis Presley.  D.Muddy Waters.

In an ideal world, people would not test medicines on animals.Such experiments are stressful and sometimes painful for animals, and expensive and time­consuming for people.Yet animal experimentation is still needed to help bridge vast gaps in medical knowledge.That is why there are some 50 to 100 million animals used in research around the world each year.

Europe, on the whole, has the world's most restrictive laws on animal experiments. Even so, its scientists use some 12 million animals a year, most of them mice and rats, for medical research.Official statistics show that just 1.1 million animals are used in research in America each year.But that is misleading.The American authorities do not think mice and rats are worth counting and, as these are the most common laboratory animals, the true figure is much higher.Japan and China have even less comprehensive data than America.

Now Europe is reforming the rules governing animal experiments by restricting the number of animals used in labs.Alternatives to animal testing, such as using human tissue or computer models, are now strongly recommended.In addition, sharing all research results freely should help to reduce the number of animals for scientific use.At present, scientists often share only the results of successful experiments.If their findings do not fit the hypothesis being tested, the work never sees the light of day.This practice means wasting time, money, and animals' lives in endlessly repeating the failed experiments.

Animal experimentation has taught humanity a great deal and saved countless lives.It needs to continue, even if that means animals sometimes suffer.Europe' s new measures should eventually both reduce the number of animals used in experiments and improve the way in which scientific research is conducted.

16.What is the main idea of this passage?

A.The success of animal experiments should be ensured.

B.Ban on the use of animals in the lab should be enforced.

C.Greater efforts need to be taken to reduce the number of lab animals.

D.Scientists should be required to share their research results with each other.

17.Which of the following statements is true about animals used in the lab?

A.America uses only about 1.1 million lab animals per year.

B.Europe does not use mice and rats as lab animals at all.

C.Britain does not use as many lab animals as China does.

D.Japan has limited data on the number of lab animals used each year.

18.Which of the following is mentioned as an alternative to replace animal experiments?

A.Statistical studies. 

B.Computer models.

C.DNA planted in animals. 

D.Tissue from dead animals.

19.What usually happens to unsuccessful animal experiments?

A.They are not revealed to the public.

B.They are made into teaching materials.

C.They are collected for future publication.

D.They are not removed from the research topic list.

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