The church was built ______ a Roman temple had once been located.

    A. where           B. when          C. what            D. in which

 Van Gogh succeeded in selling only one painting in his lifetime, and ______ was sold to his brother.

    A. another       B. that           C. one              D. which

 Some researchers are finding that daydreaming may be important to ______ mental health. Daydreaming, they say, is ______ good means of relaxation.

    A. the; 不填     B. 不填 ; the     C.  不填; a      D. 不填; 不填

Space is a dangerous place. not only because of meteors (流星) but also because of rays from the sun and other stars. The Atmosphere again acts as our protective blanket on earth. Light gets through, and this is essential for plants to make the food which we eat. Heat, too, makes our environment endurable. Various kinds of rays come through the air from outer space, but enormous quantities of radiation from the sun are screened off. As soon as men leave the atmosphere they are exposed to this radiation but their spacesuits or the walls of their spacecraft, if they are inside, do prevent a lot of radiation damage.

    Radiation is the greatest known danger to explorers in space. The unit of radiation is called “rem”. Scientists have reason to think that a man can put up with far more radiation than 0.1 rem without being damaged; the figure of 60 rems has been agreed on. The trouble is that it is extremely difficult to be sure about radiation damage-a person may feel perfectly well, but the cells of his or her sex organs may be damaged, and this will not be discovered until the birth of deformed (畸形的) children or even grandchildren. Missions of the Apollo flights have had to cross belts of high radiation and, during the outward and return journeys, the Apollo crew accumulated a large amount of rems. So far, no dangerous amounts of radiation have been reported, but the Apollo missions have been quite short. We simply do not know yet how men are going to get on when they spend weeks and months outside the protection of the atmosphere, working in a space laboratory. Drugs might help to decrease the damage done by radiation, but no really effective ones have been found so far.

1. According to the first paragraph, the atmosphere is essential to man in that ______.

A. it protects him against the harmful rays from space    

B. it provides sufficient light for plant growth

C. it supplies the heat necessary for human survival      

D. it screens off the falling meteors

2. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.

A. the Apollo mission was very successful        

B. protection from space radiation is no easy job

C. astronauts will have deformed children or grandchildren

D. radiation is not a threat to well-protected space explorers

3. The best title for this passage would be ________.

A. The Atmosphere and Our Environment   B. Research on Radiation.

C. Effects of Space Radiation             D. Importance of Protection Against Radiation

Jane Austen ,a famous English writer ,was born at Steventon ,Hampshire ,on December 16,1775,and died on July 18,1817.She began writing early in life ,although the prejudices(偏见) of her times forced her to have her books published anonymously(匿名).

But Jane Austen is perhaps the best known and best loved of Bath's many famous local people and visitors .She paid two long visits here during the last five years of the eighteenth century and from 1801 to 1806,Bath was her home .Her deep knowledge of the city is fully seen in two of her novels，Northanger Abbey and Persuasion ,which are largely set in Bath .The city is still very much as Jane Austen knew it ,keeping in its streets and public buildings the well-ordered world that she described so well in her novels .Now the pleasure of learning Jane Austen's Bath can be enhanced(增强) by visiting the Jane Austen Centre in Gay Street .Here ,in a Georgian town house in the heart of the city ,you can find out more about Bath in Jane Austen's time and the importance of Bath in her life and work.

The Center has been set up with the help and guidance of members of the Jane Austen Society .After your visit to the Center ,you can look round the attractive shop ,which offers a huge collection of Jane Austen related books ,cards and many specially designed gifts .Jane Austen quizzes are offered to keep the children busy.

You can also have walking tours of Jane Austen's Bath ,which is a great way to find out more about Jane Austen and discover the wonderful Georgian city of Bath .The tour lasts about one and a half hours .The experienced guides will take you to the places where Jane lived ,walked and shopped.

1.Jane Austen paid two long visits to Bath _______.

A.in her early twenties　　 B.in her early teens

C.in her late twenties D.in her late teens

2.What can we learn about Bath from the passage?

A.Bath has greatly changed since Jane Austen's death.

B.The city has changed as much as Jane Austen knew it.

C.Bath remains almost the same as in Jane Austen's time.

D.No changes have taken place in Bath since Jane Austen's time.

3.The author(作者) writes this passage in order to _______.

A.attract readers to visit the city of Bath

B.ask readers to buy Austen's books

C.tell readers about Jane Austen's experience

D.give a brief introduction to the Jane Austen Society

4.It takes you about one and a half hours _______.

A.to get to the Jane Austen Center in Gay Street

B.to buy Jane Austen related books ,cards and gifts

C.to find a guide to take you to the Center

D.to look around the city of Bath on foot

 A year ago August, Dave Fuss lost his job driving a truck for a small company in west Michigan. His wife, Gerrie, was still working in the local school cafeteria, but work for Dave was scarce, and the price of everything was rising. The Fusses were at risk of joining the millions of Americans who have lost their homes in recent years. Then Dave and Gerrie received a timely gift—＄7,000，a legacy （遗产） form their neighbors Ish and Arlene Hatch, who died in an accident . “It really made a difference when we were going under financially.” says Dave.    

But the Fusses weren’t the only folks in Alto and the neighboring town of Lowell to receive unexpected legacy from the Hatches. Doxens of other families were touched by the Hatches’ generosity. In some cases, it was a few thousand dollars ; in other, it was more than ＄100,000.    

It surprised nearly everyone that the Hatches had so much money, more than ＄3 million—they were am elderly couple who lived in an old house on what was left of the family farm .  

Children of the Great Depression, Ish and Arlene were known for their habit of saving, They thrived own （喜欢） comparison shopping and  would routinely go from store to store, checking prices before making a new purchase .    

Through the years, the Hatches paid for local children to attend summer camp when their parents couldn’t afford it. “Ish and Arlene never asked you needed anything,” says their friend Sand Van Weelden, “They could see things they could do go make you happier, and they would do them.    

Even more extraordinary was that the Hatches had their farmland distributed. It was the Hatches’ wish that their legacy—a legacy of kindness as much as one of dollars and cent —should enrich the whole community （社区） and Ish and Arlene Hatch’s story .    

Neighbors helping neighbors ——that was Ish and Arlene Hatch’s story.    

1. According go the text, the Fusses   

A. were employed by a truck company    B. were in financial difficulty   

C. worked in a school cafeteria            D. lost their home    

2. Which of the following is true of the Hatches?   

A. They had their children during the Great Deoression   

B. They left the family farm to live in an old house   

C. They gave away their possessions to their neighbors   

D. They helped their neighbors to find jobs    

3. Why would the Hatches routinely go from store?   

A. They decided to open a store          B. They wanted to save money   

C. They couldn’t afford expensive things   D. They wanted to buy gifts for local kids    

4. According to Sand Van Weelden, the Hatches were   

A. understanding  B. optimistic    C. childlike   D. curious    

5. What can we learn from the text?   

A. The community of Alto was poor   

B. The summer camp was attractive to the parents   

C. Sandy Van Weelden got a legacy form the Hatches   

D. The Hatches would like the neighbors to follow their example    

 How many words one uses cannot be measured (测量)exactly. However, Professor Seashore concluded the first- graders entered school with at least 24,000 words and add 5,000 each year so that they leave high school with at least 80,000. These figures( 数字) are for recognition vocabulary （词汇），the words we understand when we read or hear them, which are more than our active( 活跃的) vocabulary, the words we use in speaking and writing.

    Using the words you recognize in reading will help get them into your active vocabulary. In your reading, pay attention to these words, especially when the subject is one that you might well write or talk about. Underline （draw a line under） or make a list of words that you feel a need for and look up the ones that you are not sure of in a dictionary. And then before very long you will find a way to use some of them. Once you know how they are pronounced and what they mean, you can safely use them.

1. How many words does one use?

       A. Nobody can answer the question.

       B. No one knows for sure but Professor Seashore.

       C .Not everyone can tell the exact number.

       D. People cannot give an exact answer, not even Prof. Seashore.

2. Prof. Seashore concluded that it takes a first –grader _____ years to increase his vocabulary from 24,000 to 80,000.

       A.12           B. 10          C. 8           D.5

3. According to Prof. Seashore, ______.

       A. one has at least 80,000 recognition words

       B. recognition words can become active ones

       C. one’s recognition vocabulary includes active words and non—active ones

       D. one’s active words grow with his recognition ones

4. One way suggested by the writer to increase our active vocabulary is that we should ____.

       A. look up a dictionary for more new words and keep them in our note

       B. read and recognize the words we will need and add them into our list of active vocabulary

       C. keep well in touch with more recognition words and keep using them after knowing their pronunciation and meaning.

       D. read more , write more and use more

5. According to the passage, an important step(步骤) leading to the correct use of vocabulary is ______.

       A. extending (扩大) the list of the active words

       B. often looking up a dictionary for necessary words

       C. knowing your subject well

       D. knowing the correct pronunciation and meaning of the words to be used

 There seems never to have been a civilization(文明) without toys, but when and how they developed is unknown. They probably came about just to give children something to do.

In the ancient world, as is today, most boys play with some kinds of toys and most girls with another. In societies where social roles are strictly determined, boys pattern their play after the activities of their fathers and girls after the tasks of their mothers. This is true because boys and girls are being prepared, even in play, to step into the roles and responsibilities of the adult world.

What is remarkable about the history of toys is not so much how they changed over the centuries but how much they have remained the same. It is the universality of toys about their development in all parts of the world and their continuing to the present that is amazing. In Egypt, the Americas, China, Japan and among the Arctic peoples, generally the same kinds of toys appeared. Nearly every civilization had dolls, little weapons, toy soldiers, tiny animals and vehicles.

Because toys can be generally regarded as a kind of art form, they have not been subject to (服从于) technological progress that characterizes inventions for adult use. The progress from the wheel to the oxcart to the automobile is a direct line of advancement. The progress from a rattle (拨浪鼓) used by a baby in 3,000 BC to one used by an infant today, however, is not characterized by inventiveness. Each rattle is the product of the artistic tastes of the times and subject to the limitations of materials then ready for use. (words: 285 ; time : 5ms)

1. The reason why the toys most boys play with are different from those that girls play with is that ________ .

A. their social roles are strictly determined

B. most boys would like to follow their fathers' jobs

C. boys like to play with their fathers while girls with their mothers

D. they like challenging activities.

2. "The universality of toys" lies in the fact that ________ .

A. technological advances have greatly improved the making of toys

B. the improvement of techniques in making toys depends on the efforts of universities

C. the exploration of the universe has led to the creation of new kinds of toys

D. the basic characteristics of toys are the same all over the world

3. Regarded as a kind of art form, toys ________.

A. follow a direct line of development

B. also greatly interest adults

C. are not characterized by progress in technology

D. show the pace of social progress

Laughter Yoga (瑜伽) is a unique technique invented by Dr Kataria, a doctor from India, by which you can learn to “Laugh for No Reason”. You don’t even need a sense of humor, no funny jokes or comedy programs — just a willingness to laugh — and in the present climate everyone needs to laugh more.

Laughter Yoga is a combination of Laughter Exercises and Yogic Breathing, so that you increase the amount of oxygen in your body while being playful, resulting in you feeling healthier, energetic and alive. This actually changes the physical conditions of your body so that you start to feel happier.

Laughter Yoga is generally done in groups although it can be practiced alone. When you make eye contact with someone and you’re both willing to laugh, the laughter is increased. However, we do say that you can “Fake (假装) it, fake it till you make it” because the body doesn’t know the difference between fake and true laughter; as long as you’re willing to laugh you’ll experience the same health benefits.

Laughter Yoga started in a park in Mumbai in 1995 with just 5 participants, and now there’re over 6,000 laughter clubs in 60 different countries — showing the willingness of the world to laugh together.

In the UK, Julie was one of the first people to train as a Laughter Leader with Dr Kataria in June 2002. In 2006 she was awarded Laughter Ambassador for her selfless service to promote Laughter Yoga.

“Yoga has been part of my life for 30 years but 7 years ago my life changed when I discovered Laughter Yoga. I believe laughter and yoga are both good for your health,” says Julie.

1. Why do people practicing Laughter Yoga laugh a lot?

A. They have a sense of humor.   B. They are amused by jokes.

C. They are willing to laugh.  D. They can’t help laughing a lot.

2. What do we know about Julie from the passage?

A. She took up Laughter Yoga 30 years ago.

B. She helped make Laughter Yoga more popular.

C. She used to suffer from serious physical problems.

D. She was the first person to practise Laughter Yoga.

3. The purpose of the passage is to _____.

A. persuade people to take up Laughter Yoga

B. tell people how to practise Laughter Yoga

C. describe the good effects of Laughter Yoga

D. introduce Laughter Yoga as a new event

 Narayanan Krishnan was a bright, young, award-winning chef with a five-star hotel group in Switzerland. But a quick family visit home before heading for Europe changed everything. He saw a very old man under a bridge eating his own human waste for food while visiting a friend in the south Indian city of Madurai in 502. Shocked by this, Krishnan gave up his job within the week and returned home for good, convinced of his new cause.

“That inspiration is a driving force still inside me as a flame—to serve all the mentally ill (精神病患者) and the people who cannot take care of themselves,” Krishnan said. He founded the organization Akshaya Trust in 503. In Hindu mythology (神话), Goddess Annapoorani’s “Akshaya bowl” fed the hungry endlessly, never using up its resources. Now 14, he has served more than 1.2 million meals—breakfast, lunch and dinner to India’s homeless and the poor.

Krishnan’s day begins at 4 a.m. He and his team cover nearly 110 miles, routinely working in temperatures topping 100 degrees Fahrenheit. The hot meals he delivers are simple, tasty vegetarian food he personally prepares, packs and often hand-feeds to nearly 400 people each day.

Krishnan carries the barber’s tools and is trained in eight haircut styles that, along with a fresh shave, provide extra dignity (尊严) to those he serves.

He says many of the homeless seldom know their names or birthplaces, and none has the ability to beg, ask for help or offer thanks. They may be unfriendly or ill-willed because of their conditions, but Krishnan says this only makes him offer help more willingly.

1. During his visit home, Krishnan ______.

A. worked at a local five-star hotel

B. helped an old man under a bridge

C. won an award in a chef competition

D. knew the condition of the mentally ill

2. Krishnan named the organization Akshaya Trust to show ______.

A. he is as kind as a Hindu goddess

B. he is ready to help anyone in trouble

C. he hopes to carry on his career for long

D. he was originally inspired by Hindu mythology

3. What is the third paragraph mainly about?

A. He gets donation and others’ help.

B. He is busy with his cause every day.

C. He cooks delicious food for the poor.

D. He leads a regular life every day.

4. It can be inferred from the passage that Krishnan ______.

A. may continue his old job in Switzerland again

B. gets money support from the government

C. will train more chefs to join in the cause

D. may meet cold response from the poor people