The first breath-taking pictures of the Earth taken from space showed it as a solid ball covered by brown land masses and blue-green oceans. We had never seen the Earth from that distance before. To us, it appeared as though the Earth had always looked that way and always would. Scientists now know, however, that the surface of the Earth is not as permanent as we had thought.
Scientists explain that the surface of our planet is always moving. Continents moves about the Earth like huge ships at sea. They float on pieces of the Earth’s outer skin. New outer skin is created as melted rock pushed up from below the ocean floor. Old outer skin is destroyed as it rolls down into the hot area and melts again.
Only since the 1960s have scientists really began to understand that the planet Earth is a great living machine. Some experts have said this new understanding is one of the most important revolutions in scientific thought. The revolution is based on the work of scientists who study the movement of the continents—a science called plate tectonics.
The modern story of plate tectonics begins with the German scientist Alfred Wegener. Before World War One, Wegener argued that the continents had moved and were still moving. He said the idea first occurred to him when he observed that the coastlines of South America and Africa could fit together like two pieces of a puzzle. He proposed that the two continents might have been one and then split apart.
Wegener was not the first person to wonder about the shape of the continents. About 500 years ago, explorers thought about it when they made the first maps of Americas. The explorers noted the east coast of North America and South America would fit almost exactly into the west coast of Europe and South Africa. What the explorers did not do, but Wegener did, was to investigate the idea that the continents move.

  1. 1.

    What does the writer mainly tell us in the passage?

    1. A.
      The first breath-taking pictures of the Earth taken from space.
    2. B.
      Human’s recognition of the earth’s surface.
    3. C.
      The German scientist Alfred Wegener.
    4. D.
      The early explorers’ discovery.
  2. 2.

    Which of the following is true according to the passage?

    1. A.
      We didn’t see the Earth from far away until we saw the picture taken in the space.
    2. B.
      Our ancient thought that the surface of the earth is still.
    3. C.
      Alfred Wegener was not the first person to investigate the idea that the continents move.
    4. D.
      The coastline of India and Africa fit together.
  3. 3.

    The last word of the third paragraph “tectonics” mean “________”.

    1. A.
      study of construction
    2. B.
      study of architecture
    3. C.
      earth surface
    4. D.
      structural geology
  4. 4.

    What did the explorers find?

    1. A.
      The coastlines of South America and Africa could fit together.
    2. B.
      The coastlines of North America and Africa could fit together.
    3. C.
      The east coastlines of North America and the west coast of Europe could fit together.
    4. D.
      The coastlines of North America and India could fit together.

How often one hears children wishing they were grown up, and the old wishing they were young again! Each age has its pleasure and its pains, and the happiest person is the one who enjoys what each age gives him without wasting any time in useless regrets.
Children is a time when there are few duties to make life hard. If a child has good parents, he is fed, looked after, and loved whatever he may do. It’s impossible for him to be given so much again in his life without having to do anything in return. Besides, life is always giving new things to the child. A child finds pleasure in playing in the rain, or in the snow. His first visit to the seaside makes him wild. But a child has his pains; he is not so free to do as he wishes. He is continually being told not to do this, not to do that, or being punished for what he has done wrong. His life is therefore not perfectly happy.
When the young man starts to make his own living, he becomes free from the rules of school and parents; but at the time he is forced to accept duties. He can no longer expect others to pay for his food, his clothes and his room, but has to work for them if he wants to live comfortably. If he spends most of his time playing about in the way that he used to as a child, he will go hungry and suffer. And if he breaks the law of society as he used to break the laws of his parents, he may go to prison, lf, however, he works hard, keeps out of trouble, and has good health, he can have the great happiness of seeing himself make steady progress in his job and of building up his own position in society and enjoy success and good reputation..
Old age has always been thought of as the worst age to be, but it is not necessary for the old to be unhappy. Old age has its own happiness. They can have the joy of seeing their children making progress in life; they can watch their grandchildren growing up around them and, perhaps, best of all, they can, if their life has been a useful one, feel the happiness of having come through the battle of life safely and of having reached a time when they can lie back and rest, leaving others to continue the fight.

  1. 1.

    The main reason children wish they were grown up, and the old wish they were young again is that ______.

    1. A.
      both aren’t satisfied with the weak points at their ages
    2. B.
      both enjoy the strong points at the other age by looking back or looking forward
    3. C.
      the human beings should be like this
    4. D.
      they don’t think both ages are acceptable
  2. 2.

    “Enjoy what each age gives him without wasting time in useless regrets” means ______. 

    1. A.
      Enjoy what is given to him by people at his age, feeling regrets
    2. B.
      Enjoy himself at his own age, feeling regrets for a waste of time
    3. C.
      Make full use of the time he is given at his age instead of regretting having no achievements
    4. D.
      Enjoy his own age and look down on the people at other ages
  3. 3.

    “Children is a time when there are few duties to make life hard” means “______”. 

    1. A.
      Children shouldn’t be made to live a hard life
    2. B.
      All the children won’t have to work for their own living
    3. C.
      Children shouldn’t answer for the hard life they are leading
    4. D.
      A child bas few duties to try hard to make a living for himself or for his seniors
  4. 4.

    According to the passage, what is a child’s greatest dissatisfaction? 

    1. A.
      He thinks he has not got the equal freedom as his seniors.
    2. B.
      He thinks he knows less about things than the older do.
    3. C.
      He thinks it easy for him to do something wrong.
    4. D.
      He thinks the society doesn’t believe in him.

Robby was 11 when his mother dropped him off for his first piano lesson. I prefer students to begin at an earlier age. Robby insisted that it had always been his mother’s dream to hear him play the piano, so I took him on as a student.
Robby tried and tried while I listened and encouraged him and gave him more instructions. But he just did not have any inborn ability.
I only saw his mother from a distance. She always waved and smiled but never came in.  Then one day Robby stopped coming to our lessons. I thought about calling him but I guessed he had decided to try something else.
I was also glad that he stopped coming for the sake of my career. However, several weeks before the recital (演奏会) of my students, Robby came,telling me that he never stopped practicing and begged me to allow him to take part in. I agreed, but I made him perform last in the program, so I could save his poor performance through my “curtain closer”.
I was surprised when he announced that he had chosen one piece of Mozart’s. Never had I heard a piece of Mozart’s played so well by someone at his age. When he finished, everyone was cheering.
I ran up and put my arms around Robby in joy. “I’ve never heard you play like that, Robby!  How could you do it?”
“Well, Miss Hondorf. Do you remember I told you my mom was sick? Actually she died this morning. She was born deaf, so tonight was the first time she could hear me play in heaven. I wanted to make it special. I knew I could.”
That night, Robby was the teacher and I was the student. He taught me so many important things about life.

  1. 1.

    Why did Robby stop coming to piano lessons suddenly?

    1. A.
      He lost heart and believed that he would never make it.
    2. B.
      His mother might had been seriously ill.
    3. C.
      He thought that his teacher disliked him.
    4. D.
      His mother died and he didn’t need to play any longer.
  2. 2.

    We can know from the passage that ________.

    1. A.
      the writer thought that students shouldn’t begin playing the piano too early
    2. B.
      the writer thought that Robby had given up his piano lessons
    3. C.
      only by practicing at home did Robby learn to play well
    4. D.
      no one else could play the piece of Mozart’s as well as Robby
  3. 3.

    The writer made Robby perform last because ______.

    1. A.
      the one who performs last always performs very well
    2. B.
      Robby asked the writer to do so
    3. C.
      she wanted to do something to save a poor performance
    4. D.
      Robby thought his mother would come at last

Most Americans believe that someone isn’t grown-up until the age of 26 and they should complete their education, have a full-time job, have a family to support and be financially independent. They also believe that becoming a real grown-up is a process which begins at about the age of 20 and takes about five years, according to the report from the University of Chicago’s National Opinion Research Center.
The findings are based on a representative sample of 1,398 people over the age of 18 who were surveyed in person. The survey found that people expect the transitions to grown-up status to be completed at the following ages: age 20.9 self-supporting; age 21.1 no longer living with parents; age 21.2 having a full-time job; age 22.3 education completed; age 24.5 being able to support a family financially; age 25.7 getting married;  and age 26.2 having a child.
“There is a large degree of agreement across social groups on the relative importance of the seven transitions,” said Tom Smith, director of the survey. The only obvious pattern of differences is on views about supporting a family, having children and getting married. Older adults consider these more important than younger adults do. This probably shows in large part a change in values across generations away from traditional family values. The most valued step toward reaching adulthood, the survey found, is completing education, followed by full-time employment, supporting a family, financial independence, living independently, and marriage

  1. 1.

    According to the first paragraph, someone is a grown-up when he _______

    1. A.
      has found a full-time job
    2. B.
      has finished his study in university
    3. C.
      can make money and support himself after completing his education
    4. D.
      can support a family and be financially independent after graduation
  2. 2.

    A young man of 24 may be busy ________

    1. A.
      finding a job
    2. B.
      finding a girl friend
    3. C.
      making money
    4. D.
      preparing for his wedding
  3. 3.

    The underlined word “status” in the second paragraph probably means “________”

    1. A.
      position
    2. B.
      rank
    3. C.
      level
    4. D.
      situation
  4. 4.

    From the passage, we learn that _________

    1. A.
      being grown-up is just a matter of age
    2. B.
      being grown-up is a process which takes some time
    3. C.
      all people think completing education means being grown-up
    4. D.
      the survey found everyone had a different view about being grown-up
  5. 5.

    The best title for the passage should be “________”

    1. A.
      It takes a long time to grown up
    2. B.
      Are we grown-up yet?
    3. C.
      Getting married means being grown-up
    4. D.
      Completing education means being grown-up

Runners in a relay(接力) race pass a stick in one direction. However, merchants passed silk, gold, fruit, and glass along the Silk Road in more than one direction. They earned their living by traveling the famous Silk Road.
The Silk Road was not a simple trading network. It passed through thousands of citied and towns. It started from eastern China, across Central Asia and the Middle East, and ended in the Mediterranean Sea. It was used from about 200 B, C, to about A, D, 1300, when sea travel offered new routes(路线) , It was sometimes called the world’s longest highway. However, the Silk Road was made up of many routes, not one smooth path. They passed through what are now 18 countries. The routes crossed mountains and deserts and had many dangers of hot sun, deep snow and even battles. Only experienced traders could return safe.
The Silk Road got its name from its most prized product. Silk could be used like money to pay taxes or buy goods. But the traders carried more than just silk. Gold, silver, and glass from Europe were much found in the Middle East and Asia. Horses traded from other areas changed farming practices in China. Indian merchants traded salt and other valuable goods. Chinese merchants traded paper, which produced an immediate effect on the West. Apples traveled from central Asia to Rome. The Chinese had learned to graft(嫁接) different trees together to make new kinds of fruit. They passed this science on to others, including the Romans. The Romans used grafting to grow the apple. Trading along the Silk Road led to world-wide business 2,000 years before the World Wide Web.
The people along the Silk Road did not share just goods. They also shared their beliefs. The Silk Road provided pathways for learning, diplomacy(外交), and religion (宗教)

  1. 1.

    It’s probable that traders along the Silk Road needed         .

    1. A.
      to remember the entire trade route
    2. B.
      to know the making of products
    3. C.
      to receive certain special training
    4. D.
      to deal with a lot of difficulties
  2. 2.

    The Silk Road became less important because         .

    1. A.
      it was made up of different routes
    2. B.
      silk trading became less popular
    3. C.
      sea travel provided easier routes
    4. D.
      people needed fewer foreign goods
  3. 3.

    New technologies could travel along the Silk Road because people         .

    1. A.
      learned from one another
    2. B.
      shared each other’s beliefs
    3. C.
      traded goods along the route
    4. D.
      earned their living by traveling
  4. 4.

    What is the best title for the passage?

    1. A.
      The Silk Road ; Past and Present
    2. B.
      The Silk Road; East Meets West
    3. C.
      The Silk Road; Routes Full of Dangers
    4. D.
      The Silk Road; Pathways for Learning

I left university with a good degree in English Literature, but no sense of what I wanted to do. Over the next six years, I was treading water, just trying to earn an income. I tried journalism, but I didn’t think I was any good, then finance, which I hated. Finally, I got a job as a rights assistant at a famous publisher. I loved working with books, although the job that I did was dull.
I had enough savings to take a year off work, and I decided to try to satisfy a deep-down wish to write a novel. Attending a Novel Writing MA course gave me the structure I needed to write my first 55,000 words.
It takes confidence to make a new start — there’s a dark period in-between where you’re neither one thing nor the other. You’re out for dinner and people ask what you do, and you’re too ashamed to say, “Well, I’m writing a novel, but I’m not quite sure if I’m going to get there.” My confidence dived. Believing my novel could not be published, I put it aside.
Then I met an agent(代理商)who said I should send my novel out to agents. So, I did and, to my surprise, got some wonderful feedback. I felt a little hope that I might actually become a published writer and, after signing with an agent, I finished the second half of the novel.
The next problem was finding a publisher. After two-and-a-half years of no income, just waiting and wondering, a publisher offered me a book deal — that publisher turned out to be the one I once worked for.
It feels like an unbelievable stroke of luck — of fate, really. When you set out to do something different, there’s no end in sight, so to find myself in a position where I now have my own name on a contract(合同)of the publisher — to be a published writer — is unbelievably rewarding(有回报的).

  1. 1.

    What does the underlined part in Paragraph 1 mean?

    1. A.
      I was waiting for good fortune.
    2. B.
      I was trying to find an admirable job.
    3. C.
      I was being aimless about a suitable job.
    4. D.
      I was doing several jobs for more pay at a time.
  2. 2.

    The author decided to write a novel ______ .

    1. A.
      to finish the writing course
    2. B.
      to realize her own dream
    3. C.
      to satisfy readers’ wish
    4. D.
      to earn more money
  3. 3.

    How did the writer feel halfway with the novel?

    1. A.
      Disturbed.
    2. B.
      Ashamed.
    3. C.
      Confident.
    4. D.
      Uncertain.
  4. 4.

    What does the author mainly want to tell readers in the last paragraph?

    1. A.
      It pays to stick to one’s goal.
    2. B.
      Hard work can lead to success.
    3. C.
      She feels like being unexpectedly lucky.
    4. D.
      There is no end in sight when starting to do something.

In a recent announcement, Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT)said that they have joined forces to offer free online courses in an effort to attract millions of online learners worldwide.
Beginning this fall, a number of courses developed by teachers at both universities will be offered online through a new $60 million program, known as edX. “Anyone with an Internet connection anywhere in the world can use our online courses,” Harvard President Drew Faust said during a meeting to announce the plan.
MIT has offered a program called OpenCourseWare for ten years that makes materials from more than 2,000 classes free online. It has been used by more than 100 million people. In December, the school announced it also would begin offering a special certificate, known as MITx, for people who complete certain online courses. Harvard has long offered courses to a wider population through a similar program.
The MITx will serve as the foundation for the new learning platform.
MIT President Susan Hockfield said more than 120,000 people signed up for the first MITx course. She said Harvard and MIT hope other universities will join them in offering courses on the open-source edX platform.
Fasten your seatbelts,” Hockfield said.
Other universities, including Stanford, Yale and Carnegie-Mellon, have been experimenting with teaching to a global population online.
The Harvard-MIT program will be monitored by a not-for-profit(非盈利的)organization based in Cambridge, to be owned equally by the two universities. Both MIT and Harvard have provided $30 million to start the program. They also plan to use the edX platform to research how students learn and which teaching methods and tools are most successful.

  1. 1.

    According to this text, edX is _______.

    1. A.
      a part of the free MIT OpenCourseWare
    2. B.
      a free computer program by MIT and Harvard
    3. C.
      a Harvard-MIT platform of free online courses
    4. D.
      a free program online for universities worldwide
  2. 2.

    What is said about online education in the text?

    1. A.
      Universities have been trying online courses.
    2. B.
      About 2,000 online courses have been offered.
    3. C.
      Over 100 million people have finished courses online.
    4. D.
      Stanford and Yale together have courses similar to edX.
  3. 3.

    The underlined part in the text probably means “        ”.

    1. A.
      Get ready for the difficulties
    2. B.
      Get ready for this educational change
    3. C.
      Get prepared to complete the online courses
    4. D.
      Get prepared to make materials for the edX courses
  4. 4.

    What can be said about MITx according to the text?

    1. A.
      It is first offered as part of the edX learning program.
    2. B.
      It is another free MIT-Harvard online learning program.
    3. C.
      It is a standard to recognize online learners’ achievement.
    4. D.
      It is a new kind of free online course of Harvard and MIT.

A morning rarely began so perfect. I took in the fresh air and felt my heart run into an enthusiastic rhythm. Though cool, the sun warmed my back as it rose over the horse from not far from my house. The slightest wind danced on my skin. Just enough to keep a runner form overheating. My ever-faithful jogging partner, a black dog named Nika pulled my leg with her mouth, mirroring my eagerness to start our run.
We raced forward with determination, ready to leap tall buildings and race against speeding trains. We pushed harder and ran faster, demonstration our skill and impressing passing motorists and neighbors.
We kept on running until we hit the Beast, a name for a very difficult, nearly two-mile long steep climb.
Only a few paces into the Beast, I gasped for air. Far short of superhero status, my enthusiasm and active steps were lost somewhere at the base of the hill. A vision of the newspaper and a cup of coffee waiting in my kitchen appeared, attracting me to turn back toward home.
With a glance I noticed Nika wasn’t doing any better. She continued to faithfully follow me, putting one paw in front of the other, but without her former eagerness. Her tiredness touched me. And in that moment, I felt a sudden spark of renewed determination to press on. I couldn’t allow this mountain to get the better of us. To improve both our spirits, I managed to shout, “Good girl, Nika! Keep going…you can do it!”
“I’m encouraging a dog, for heaven’s sake!’’ I needed to pull myself together. With a few simple words, I changed our course. One moment we were on the edge of quitting. The next, our feet picked up the pace and we continued. Though tired and discouraged myself, with a few kind words I impacted a dog’s ability to go further. I’m sure I could have completed the opposite with ill-chosen comments and an unpleasant tone. Instead, the Beast was defeated and we flew like heroes the rest of the way home.
Life is full of beasts to conquer. For some, it is the seemingly impossible climb of cancer. For others, their beast takes the shape of parenting a child or a teenager. Uphill climbs come in all shapes and sizes, common only in their ability to defeat, discourage and tempt tired travelers to quit. Sometimes all that’s needed is a few spoken, well-timed words of encouragement from a fellow runner – someone who sees the struggle, dares to jogs alongside, and cares enough to say, “Keep going! You can do it! You’re not alone. I believe in you!”

  1. 1.

    The writer starts the text by describing________.

    1. A.
      the beautiful scene of the morning
    2. B.
      his or her preparations for a jogging
    3. C.
      a lively dog named Nika
    4. D.
      the growth of crops at the farm
  2. 2.

    The writer mentioned the newspaper and coffee to suggest that he or she _______.

    1. A.
      liked reading newspapers while drinking coffee
    2. B.
      had an intention to give up running
    3. C.
      would treat himself or herself to coffee after running
    4. D.
      might appear on the newspaper for the long running
  3. 3.

    The writer decided to continue running _______.

    1. A.
      after he or she found the dog was still energetic
    2. B.
      because they came near the top of the hill
    3. C.
      when he or she noticed the tired dog
    4. D.
      before they arrived at the bottom of the hill
  4. 4.

    What does the writer expect to show by telling the story?

    1. A.
      Words are powerful than deeds.
    2. B.
      Beasts in life aren’t easily to conquer.
    3. C.
      Dogs are the best friend of humans.
    4. D.
      Try it one more time before giving up.

Recently,university students around the world were asked to volunteer in a global experiment called Unplugged.It was designed to see how young people would react if they were asked to observe a total media ban by unplugging all forms of media devices for 24 hours.
Unplugged is being run by Dr Roman Gerodimos,a lecturer in Communication and Journalism at Bournemouth University.During the experiment,Dr Gerodimos said there were already  signs of how much the exercise affected volunteers.He said:“They’re reporting withdrawal symptoms,overeating,feeling nervous,isolated and disconnected.”
During their 24-hour test,three of the experiment’s participants were followed around by a BBC reporter plus cameraman.They were asked to write down 100 lines about their day offline,but of course,they all waited until the next day when they had access to their laptops.
Elliot Day wrote:“Today,my whole morning routine was thrown up into the air.Despite being  aware of the social importance of the media,I was surprised by how empty my life felt without the radio or newspapers.”
From Caroline Scott,we read:“I didn’t expect it,but being deprived of the media for 24 hours resulted in my day-to-day activities becoming so much harder to carry out than usual…I didn’t break out in a cold sweat like our lecturer expected us all to,but It’s not something l would like to do again!”
And Charlotte Gay wrote:“I have to say the most difficult item for me to be without has been  my  mobile;not  only is it a social device,it’s  my main access point of communication.”
Earlier in the year,a UK government study found that in the UK we spend about half our waking hours using the media,often plugged into several things at once.So,with technology continuing to develop at an alarming rate,how much time will you set aside for sleep in the future?

  1. 1.

    What can we learn about the volunteers?

    1. A.
      Volunteers didn’t write down about their day offline.
    2. B.
      Volunteers weren’t allowed to use any media for 24 hours.
    3. C.
      Volunteers were followed around by Dr Roman Gerodimos.
    4. D.
      Only volunteers in the UK took part in Unplugged experiment.
  2. 2.

    Which of the following is NOT mentioned about the participants’feelings?

    1. A.
      Anxious.
    2. B.
      Lonely
    3. C.
      Bored.
    4. D.
      Despaired.
  3. 3.

    Which of the following is true of Caroline Scott?

    1. A.
      The media ban affected his temperature.
    2. B.
      His work went on smoothly without the media.
    3. C.
      His work was carried on hard without the media.
    4. D.
      His life was empty without the radio or newspapers.
  4. 4.

    What can be inferred from the last paragraph?

    1. A.
      People should use the media devices reasonably.
    2. B.
      People can easily survive the media devices addict.
    3. C.
      People can spend more time sleeping in the future.
    4. D.
      People spend about half the time using the media devices.
  5. 5.

    The text is most probably a         .

    1. A.
      newspaper ad
    2. B.
      book review
    3. C.
      news report
    4. D.
      science fiction story

This is a story  that happened 15 years ago but it has always stayed with me since then.On the way back from work every evening,more often than not there would be a homeless man standing at the exit of the freeway.He always waved at every car,he was always happy and smiling and sometimes almost dancing.Every day after work when I got there,I would quickly roll down my window and give him the coins.Occasionally the red light would be on for a minute and we would ask each other about our day.His answer would always be the same,“I’m blessed!”.
It amazed me that even in his situation of being homeless he was so positive,and his answer would remind me of how blessed I was.A single mother of four amazing kids,with a place to call home and with a job to provide for my kids.Then one day I was called into my boss’s office and was told that I was being laid off due to the economy.Needless to say that on my was home that day I was very sad and upset.I didn’t remember to look for my spare change and keep it ready like I usually did.I wasn’t feeling the joy as I got off the ramp where the homeless man would be.Yet there he was as alway,as l turned the ramp.He set his eyes on me,while still smiling and waving at others.
While I was waiting for the red light to turn,he strolled over to my car.He had a big smile he looked me straight in the eyes and said “today I will give you a dollar”.He then reached into his pocket and pulled out a dollar bill.I was blown away.I burst into tears.I wanted to jump out of my car and hug him!
You see that day he gave me more than a dollar bill,he taught me a valuable lesson.No matter  what material things are taken  from you,no one can take away your choice to be joyful.

  1. 1.

    What is the passage mainly concerned?

    1. A.
      A dollar bill from a homeless person.
    2. B.
      A blessing coming from a homeless person.
    3. C.
      A woman who lost her job due to the economy.
    4. D.
      A homeless man standing at the exit of the freeway.
  2. 2.

    From the lst paragraph,we know the homeless man is         .

    1. A.
      optimistic
    2. B.
      brave
    3. C.
      Iazy
    4. D.
      kind-hearted
  3. 3.

    After leaving the boss’s office,the author         .

    1. A.
      felt relaxed to get rid of the tiring job
    2. B.
      still felt joyful when coming off the ramp
    3. C.
      took it for granted that she was fit for her job
    4. D.
      didn’t put some change aside to give to the man
  4. 4.

    The underlined phrase“blown away”in the 3rd paragraph most probably  means
           .

    1. A.
      completely defeated
    2. B.
      wholly blown down
    3. C.
      really amazed
    4. D.
      murdered by gunfire
  5. 5.

    It can be inferred from the passage that         .

    1. A.
      material things are the most important in life
    2. B.
      people should be encouraged to beg by smiling
    3. C.
      the author’s ride home that dog was smooth sailing
    4. D.
      we should wait others’help when faced with challenges
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