The main cause of death and disability in the US

Stroke (中风)is the main cause of death and disability in the United States. Every 45 seconds, someone in America has a stroke._______71_________ It is the nation's third leading cause of death, ranking behind diseases of the heart and all forms of cancer. The following is something more about stroke. 

Definition and description of a stroke

Stroke is a type of cardiovascular disease. It affects the arteries(动脉) leading to and within the brain. A stroke occurs when a blood vessel(血管) that carries oxygen and nutrients to the brain is either blocked by a clot or bursts._____72_____. So stroke forms.

______73_________

  The American Stroke Association has identified several factors (因素) that increase the risk of stroke. The more risk factors a person has, the greater the chance that he or she will have a stroke. Some of these you can't control, such as increasing age, family health history, race, and previous stroke. _____74_____. Factors resulting from lifestyle or environment can be improved with a healthcare provider's help.

Breakthroughs in treatment

________75____________.In fact about 600,000 people have strokes every year. For many years, there was no hope for those suffering a stroke. However, recent breakthroughs have led to new treatments. For the treatments to work, the person must get to a hospital immediately.

A. When that happens, part of the brain cannot get the blood and oxygen it needs

B .Every 3.1 minutes, someone dies of one.  

C. But you can change or treat other risk factors to lower your risk

D.A stroke can happen to anyone at any moment

E. Risk factors of a stroke
F. Warning signs of a stroke

G .The more common kind of stroke is caused by a blood clot that blocks a blood vessel in the brain.

“Image is everything.” An entire industry has been built upon the assumption that image is everything, but when it comes down to it, an appealing image is not enough.If there is no substance(事实) behind the image, the product, service or person will fail eventually.

First of all, one should consider how important image is in the selling of products and services.Advertising agencies have raised the art of creating an image to a state of near perfection.Public concept of that product or service is certainly managed by the images created by the advertising agencies.But if the product or service does not live up to the image that was created, the customer will be very dissatisfied and possibly ask for their money back.For example, the Arthur Andersen accounting firm had spent decades building up an image of trustworthiness.But the recent scandal (丑闻) showed that behind that image, it cheated in business practices.Despite the previous positive image, the firm is being accused of criminal actions and it will probably not survive as a business unit.Although the image had been nearly perfect, the reality behind the image has led to the downfall of the world- famous accounting firm.

Similarly, personal advisers can build up a public image for politicians and movie stars.Putting out positive news releases, making sure that only the best photographs are published, and ensuring that the person is seen in all the right places can build up a very positive image in the view of the general commons.But once again, history is filled with examples of both politicians and movie stars that fell from grace like the story of the Hollywood actor giving in to the pressures of fame and fortune.With people, just as with products and services, image is certainly important, but without positive substance behind the image, failure is close.

To summarize, it is clear that an appealing image is extremely important to success, whether that image is related to selling a product or service or to the “selling” of a person.But image is only half of the equation(等式).What lies behind that image is every bit as important as the image itself —— the person or product must deliver truth on that image or there is little chance for long-term success.

67.The downfall of the Arthur Andersen accounting firm is due to ________.

       A.its dishonesty in business                             B.its previous images

       C.its bad management D.its poor service

68.Why did some famous people fall from grace?

       A.Their images were not well built up    

       B.They failed to live up to their images.

       C.They felt much pressure from the public 

       D.They paid little attention to fame and fortune.

69.The structure of the passage is ________.

       A: Argument                 P: Point                        C: Conclusion

70.The author tries to argue that _________.

       A.image creates everything                             B.image is the key to success

       C.truth is unlikely ever to be equaled                D.truth and image are equally important

In the late 1960's, many people in North America turned their attention to environmental problems, and new steel-and-glass skyscrapers were widely criticized. Ecologists pointed out that a cluster of tall buildings in a city often overburdens public transportation and parking lot capacities.

Skyscrapers (摩天大楼)are also lavish consumers, and wasters, of electric power. In one recent year, the addition of 17 million square feet of skyscraper office space in New York City raised the peak daily demand for electricity by 120, 000 kilowatts -- enough to supply the entire city of Albany, New York, for a day.

Glass-walled skyscrapers can be especially wasteful. The heat loss (or gain) through a wall of half-inch plate glass is more than ten times that through a typical masonry(砖石) wall filled with insulation board(隔热板). To lessen the strain on heating and air-conditioning equipment, builders of skyscrapers have begun to use double-glazed panels of glass, and reflective glasses coated with silver or gold mirror films (反射膜)that reduce glare as well as heat gain. However, mirror-walled skyscrapers raise the temperature of the surrounding air and affect neighboring buildings.

Skyscrapers put a severe strain on a city's sanitation facilities(卫生设施), too. If fully occupied, the two World Trade Center towers in New York City would alone generate 2.25 million gallons of raw sewage(污水) each year -- as much as a city the size of Stanford, Connecticut, which has a population of more than 109, 000.

Skyscrapers also interfere(干扰) with television reception, block bird flyways, and obstruct air traffic. In Boston in the late 1960’s , some people even feared that shadows from skyscrapers would kill the grass on Boston Common.

Still, people continue to build skyscrapers for all the reasons that they have always build them—personal ambition ,civic pride, and the desire of owners to have the largest possible amount of rentable space.

63.What is one disadvantage of mirror-walled skyscrapers ?

A. the surrounding air is heated

B. the birds’ flyway is blocked

C. construction cost is increased

D. extra air-conditioning and heating equipment is needed

64. In the late 1960’s some residents of Boston were concerned with which aspect

of skyscrapers?

A. the noise and dirt from their construction

B. the harmful effects on the city’s grass

C. the effect on air traffic in Boston

D. the interference with television reception

65. According to the passage, what is NOT the reason why skyscrapers continue to be built?

A. to have more space for rent.

B. to exhibit the skills in building construction

C. to achieve someone’s ambition

D. to act as a symbol and pride of the place

66. The main purpose of the passage is to _________.

A. describe skyscrapers and their effect on the environment.

B. prove skyscrapers are better than other modern structures.

C. advocate the use of double –glazed panels of glass.

D. illustrate many architectural materials and designs of skyscrapers

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