“Tear them apart！”“Kill the fool！”“Murder the referee (裁判)！”

These are common remarks one may hear at various sporting events.  At the time they are made，they may seem innocent enough.  But let’s not kid ourselves.  They have been known to influence behavior in such a way as to lead to real bloodshed.  Volumes have been written about the way words affect us.  It has been shown that words having certain connotations (含义) may cause us to react in ways quite foreign to what we consider to be our usual humanistic behavior.  I see the term “opponent” as one of those words.  Perhaps the time has come to delete it from sports terms.

The dictionary meaning of the term “opponent” is “adversary”；“enemy” ；“one who opposes your interests”.  Thus，when a player meets an opponent，he or she may tend to treat that opponent as an enemy.  At such times，winning may dominate one’s intellect，and every action，no matter how gross，may be considered justifiable.  I recall an incident in a handball game when a referee refused a player’s request for a time out for a glove change because he did not consider them wet enough.  The player proceeded to rub his gloves across his wet T-shirt and then exclaimed，“Are they wet enough now？”

In the heat of battle，players have been observed to throw themselves across the court without considering the consequences that such a move might have on anyone in their way.  I have also witnessed a player reacting to his opponent’s international and illegal blocking by deliberately hitting him with the ball as hard as he could during the course of play.  Off the court，they are good friends.  Does that make any sense？It certainly gives proof of a court attitude which departs from normal behavior.

Therefore，I believe it is time we elevated (提升) the game to the level where it belongs thereby setting an example to the rest of the sporting world.  Replacing the term “opponent” with “associate” could be an ideal way to start.

The dictionary meaning of the term “associate” is “colleague”；“friend”；“companion”．Reflect a moment!  You may soon see and possibly feel the difference in your reaction to the term “associate” rather than “opponent”．

66. Which of the following statements best expresses the author’s view?

A．Aggressive behavior in sports can have serious consequences.

B. The words people use can influence their behavior.

C．Unpleasant words in sports are often used by foreign athletes.

D．Unfair judgments by referees will lead to violence on the sports field.

67．Harsh words are spoken during games because the players______ .

A. are too eager to win

B. are usually short-tempered and easily offended

C. cannot afford to be polite in a fierce competition

D. treat their rivals as enemies

68．What did the handball player do when he was not allowed a time out to change his gloves?

A. He refused to continue the game.

B. He angrily hit the referee with a ball.

C. He claimed that the referee was unfair.

D. He wet his gloves by rubbing them across his T-shirt.

69．According to the passage，players in a game may______ .

A. deliberately throw the ball at anyone illegally blocking their way

B. keep on screaming and shouting throughout the game

C. lie down on the ground as an act of protest

D. kick the ball across the court with force

70．The author hopes to have the current situation in sports improved by_______ .

A. calling on players to use clean language on the court

B. raising the referee’s sense of responsibility

C. changing the attitude of players on the sports field

D. regulating the relationship between players and referees

Four out of five parents worry that their children will become addicted to Facebook,  according to a study.

Eighty percent believe social networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter have the ability to take over their children’s lives. One in three parents,  meanwhile,  believe the Internet has the power to “rewire” brains(“改装”大脑)without a person’s knowledge and think their children are in danger of the web.

The extraordinary findings come from a poll of 1, 000 parents carried out by the Nominet Trust,  an organization that promoted Internet projects which address social disadvantages.

However,  Nominet said their findings fly in the face of neurological(神经学上的) evidence. The Trust worked with neuroscience and education expert Dr.  Paul Howard Jones,  who analysed researches on the Internet and society. The report—The Impact of Digital Technologies on Human Well-being—concluded that there is no neurological evidence to suggest that the Internet is more effective at “rewiring” our brains than other environmental influences. It also found that the Internet is a valuable learning resource and all forms of learning cause changes within the brain.

There have been reports that the use of the Internet with its vast resources of information is changing the way people think and affecting their ability to concentrate. But Nominet said that’s scaremongering（危言耸听）and the misinformation about the Internet use can potentially deny（否定）its benefits to people,  in particular parents who are worried about the effects on their children’s development.

The report also found that social networking sites,  in themselves,  are not a special source of risk to children,  and are generally beneficial as they support existing friendships. In addition,  playing action video games can improve some visual processing and motor response skills,  while computer-based activity provides mental stimulation,  and can help slow rates of cognitive decline.

61. What does the passage mainly talk about?

A. Four in five parents fear their children will become Facebook addicts.

B. Social networking sites make people more sociable.

C. More and more children will become addicted to Facebook.

D. The Internet has the power to “rewiring” brains.

62. What does the underlined phrase “fly in the face of” in Paragraph four probably mean?

A. Go against.

B. Have a lot in common with.

C. Be similar to.

D. Have something to do with.

63. We can infer from the passage that_______ .

A. social networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter will rewire children’s brains

B. Dr.  Paul Howard Jones is a member of the Nominet Trust

C. Dr.  Paul Howard Jones thinks the Internet is useful and beneficial

D. the study surveyed a poll of 1, 000 children

64. According to the passage,  the study carried by the Nominet Trust showed that_______ .

A. one in three parents believes Facebook has the ability to take over their children’s lives

B. the Internet is more effective at “rewiring” our brains than other environmental influences

C. four out of five parents think their children are in danger of the web

D. eighty percent of parents worry that their children will become addicted to Facebook

65. The last paragraph mainly tells people_______ .

A. playing action video games can improve some visual processing and motor response skills

B. the Internet,  in itself,  is not a danger to children but generally beneficial

C. social networking sites,  in themselves,  support existing friendships

D. computer-based activity provides mental stimulation,  and can help slow rates of cognitive decline

The Mother Goose Stories, so well known to children all over the world, are commonly said to have been written by a little old woman for her grandchildren.  According to some people, she lived in Boston,  and her real name was Elizabeth Vergoose. Her son-in-law, a printer named Thomas Fleet, was supposed to have published the famous stories and poems for small children in 1719. However, no copy of this book has ever been found, and most scholars doubt the truth of this story—and doubt, moreover, whether Mother Goose was ever a real person. They point out that the name is a direct translation of the French “Mere I’Oye”. In 1695 the Frenchman Charles Perrault published the first book in which this name was used.  The collection contains eight tales, including “Sleeping Beauty”,  “Cinderella”,  and “Puss in Boots”. But Perrault did not originate these stories; they were already quite popular in his day, and he only collected them. In 1729 there appeared an English translation of Perrault’s collection, Robert Samber’s Histories or Tales of Past Times, Told by Mother Goose(London, 1729),  which introduced “Sleeping Beauty”,  “Little Red-hood”, “Puss in Boots”, “Cinderella” and other Perrault’s tales to English-speaking audiences. These were fairy tales(童话). John Newbery published a book of English rhymes，Mother Goose’s Melody, or Sonnets for the Cradle(London,  undated, 1765),  which switched the focus from fairy tales to nursery rhymes, and in English this was until recently the primary meaning for Mother Goose. A book of poems for children entitled Mother Goose’s Melody was published in England in 1781, and the name “Mother Goose” has been associated with children’s poetry ever since.

56. What is supposed to have happened in 1719?

A. Elizabeth Vergoose wrote the first Mother Goose Stories.

B. The Mother Goose Stories were translated into French.

C. Thomas Fleet published the Mother Goose Stories.

D. Charles Perrault published the first Mother Goose Stories.

57. Most scholars consider Mother Goose to be_______ .

A. a real person

B. a translation from French

C. a collection by Elizabeth Vergoose

D. a book written by a little old woman

58. When Perrault published the first book in 1695,_______.

A. no story of the book had been known to people

B. the stories in the book were created by Perrault

C. few people were interested in the stories of the book

D. stories like “Sleeping Beauty” and “Cinderella” were already very popular

59. The name used in the first book published in 1695 is supposed to have been_______ .

A. Mother Goose

B. Charles Perrault

C. Elizabeth Vergoose

D. Mere I’ Oye

60. When people talk about Mother Goose, they refer to_______ .

A. a printer of Boston

B. a kind of animal

C. children’s poetry

D. the French “Mere I’Oye”

If you are human, you can’t help but experience times when everything seems to be going wrong. You must also 36 as if your life is completely out of control at times. It is during those“down times” that words of encouragement from family, friends, co-workers or 37 strangers can boost (增强) your spirits. It is also during those 38 that destructive words can be devastating (毁灭性的) and sink you deeper and deeper into depression.

For example, consider this story about a group of 39 who were travelling through the woods when 40 of them fell into a deep pit (坑). All of the other frogs gathered around the 41 . When they saw how 42 the pit was, they told the two 43frogs they would never get out.

The two frogs didn’t obey what other frogs said and tried to 44out of the pit. The other frogs kept telling them not to jump, 　45 it was in vain. Finally, one of the frogs followed what the other frogs were saying and simply 46 . He fell down and 　47 . The other frog continued to jump as 48 as he could. Once again the crowd of frogs shouted at him to 49 the pain. The more they 50 , the harder he jumped and finally he 51 to safety.

When he 52 , the other frogs asked him why he continued to jump when they were all 53 him to simply quit. The frog 54 to them that he was a little bit deaf. He thought they were 55 him all the time.

36. A. think　　　　　　　　　　 B. experience　　　　 C. seem　　　　　　　　　　D. feel

37. A. so　　　　　　　　　　　 B. just　　　　　　　　　　 C. even　　　　　　　　　 D. ever

38. A. processes　　　　　　 B. times　　　　　　　　　C. courses　　　　　　　　D. practices

39. A. frogs　　　　　　　　　　 B. mice　　　　　　　　 C. dogs　　　　　　　　　　 D. cats

40. A. two　　　　　　　　　　　　B. three　　　　　　　　 C. many　　　　　　　　　　 D. few

41. A. hole　　　　　　　　　　　 B. pit　　　　　　　　　　C. water　　　　　　　　　　 D. well

42. A. muddy　　　　　　　　　 B. wide 　　　　　　　 C. deep　　　　　　　　　　 D. long

43. A. uncomfortable　　　　 B. unpleasant　　　 C. unhappy　　　　　　　　 D. unfortunate

44. A. run 　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. walk 　　　　　　　 C. climb　　　　　　　　　　 D. jump

45. A. so　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. since 　　　　　　　 C. because　　　　　　　　D. although

46. A. gave out　　　　　　　　　B. gave up　　　　　 C. gave away　　　　　　 D. gave off

47. A. died　　　　　　　　　　　　B. wounded　　　　 C. destroyed　　　　　　　D. damaged

48. A. fast 　　　　　　　　　　　 B. hard　　　　　　　　　C. easily　　　　　　　　　　D. swiftly

49. A. help　　　　　　　　　　　　B. ban　　　　　　　　　 C. stop　　　　　　　　　　　D. forbid

50. A. cried 　　　　　　　　　　 B. spoke　　　　　　　 C. shouted　　　　　　　 D. read

51. A. got it　　　　　　　　　　　 B. forgot it　　　　　　 C. used it　　　　　　　　 D. made it

52. A. turned out　　　　　　　 B. kept out　　　　　　 C. got out　　　　　　　　　D. held out

53. A. talking to　　　　　　　　B. shouting at　　　　　C. throwing at　　　　　 D. speaking to

54. A. explained　　　　　　　 B. announced　　　　　 C. introduced　　　　　　D. told

55. A. encouraging　　　　　 B. helping　　　　　　　　 C. pulling　　　　　　　　　 D. dragging

 —We are travelling to Germany for the Beer Festival.

—_______!

A. Congratulations                              B. See you later

C. Have fun                                             D. Take care

After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling,______turned out to be a wise decision.

A. that　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. which

C. when　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. where

The plan_______encourage the employees to improve their work turned out to be a success.

A. having designed to　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. designed to

C. to design to　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. designing to

 —Excuse me，but I want to use your computer to type a report.

—You_______have my computer if you don’t take care of it.

A. shan’t                                                  B. might not

C. needn’t                                                       D. shouldn’t

The government must be very_______about setting policies and make no decision until they are quite sure it is the right one.

A．particular                                            B．concerned

C．cautious                                              D．certain

 There are over 100 night schools in the city,  making it possible for each worker to go to_______school he or she chooses.

A. which                                                  B. whichever

C. what                                                    D. whatever