A new era is upon us.Call it what you will:the service economy,the information age,the knowledge society.It all translates to a basic change in the way we work.Already we are there now.The percentage of people who earn their living by making things has fallen fortunately in the Western World.Today the majority of jobs in America,Europe and Japan(two thirds or more of these countries) are in the service industry,and the number is on the rise.More women are in workforce than ever before.There are more part-time jobs.More people are self-employed.But the wideness of the economic change can’t be measured by numbers alone,because it also is giving rise to a radical new way of thinking about the nature of work itself.Long-held views about jobs and careers,the skills to succeed,even the relation between individuals and employers—all these are being challenged.

We have only to look behind us to get some sense of what may lie ahead.No one looking ahead 20 years possibly could have foreseen the ways in which a single invention the chip,would change our world,thanks to its use in personal computers,digital biotechnology,artificial intelligence or even some still unimagined technology could produce a similar wave of unexpected changes.But one thing is certain:information and knowledge will become even more important,and the people who have it,whether they work in manufacturing or services,will have the advantage and problems by vices will be predominant.It will be the way you do your job.

1.A characteristic of the information age is that.

A.the service industry is depending more and more on female workforce

B.manufacturing industries are steadily increasing?

C.people find it harder and harder to earn a living by working in factories

D.most of the job opportunities can now be found in the service industry

2.One of the great changes brought about by the knowledge society is that _____.

A.the difference between the individuals and the employers has become less

B.people’s traditional ideas about work no longer hold true

C.most people have to take part-time jobs

D.people have to change their jobs from time to time

3.By referring to computers and other inventions,the author means that.

A.people should be able to respond quickly to the advancement of technology

B.future achievements in technology will bring about unbelievable changes

C.the importance of high technology has been overlooked

D.computer science will play a leading role in the future information service

4.The future will probably belong to those who.

A.possess and know how to make use of information

B.give full play to their brain potential

C.involve themselves in service industry

D.looking forward instead of looking back

 

Violent computer games have been strongly connected with aggression in teenager boys in a study that shows the machines are increasingly becoming substitutes (替代品) for friendship.

  The research provides powerful support to the doubt that actual violence could be one of the factors behind the crimes of aggression including young people. John Colwell, a lecturer at Middlesex University, who carried out the research, said aggression in boys seemed to increase with the amount of playing such games. “There are many facts to suggest there is a connection between playing computer games and aggression,” he said.

  Previous studies have shown only a certain relation between such games and aggression. This conclusion was uncertain because it could mean that children who played the games did so because they had shown a sign to violence. Colwell’s work shows, however, that there is a strong link, meaning that playing such games makes children more aggressive. He reached his conclusions after studying the behaviour of 204 pupils aged 12-14 from a school in north London.

  Children became obviously more aggressive the longer they had been playing violent games. They shouted, pushed and hit other children. Those who played in occasional bursts showed little effect. All the children spent many hours playing such games. Nearly 97% of boys and 88% of girls were regular users. Almost the boys, the heaviest computer users tended to have the fewest friends and reported seeing their machine as a friend.

1. Why did most of the computer users have few friends?

  A. Because they felt very proud and lonely.

  B. Because they seldom left their homes.

  C. Because they regarded the computer as their only friend.

  D. Because they spent more time working in the computer.

2. In fact, one of the factors connected with crimes is that    .

  A. children spend many hours on the computer studies

  B. many boys are interested in violence

  C. children always play violent games in the computer

  D. many girls become more dishonest up to now

3. How did Colwell prove his own views from the passage?

  A. He studies nearly 97% of boys’ actions.

  B. He studied the behaviour of over two hundred children in a school.

  C. He studied almost 80% of girls’ actions.

  D. He often talked to those little computer users in his home.

4. Which of the following words can best replace the word heaviest in the passage?

  A. fattest    B. slowest    C. most dangerous    D. greatest number

5. It can be inferred from the passage that    .

  A. aggression in girls and boys seemed to come from the computer

  B. playing computer games is no good to all the children

  C. Colwell’s studies showed the computer is connected with violence

  D. the computer games can have a connection with violence

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