根据短文内容,从下框A~F选项中选出能概括每段主题的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。

A. How to take notes and rewrite in one`s own words

B. Advantages of taking notes

C. Taking some useful notes

D. Taking notes is a help to create new ideas in the future

E. Need to change information from an encyclopedia into one`s own

F. Two ways of writing a note and their advantage

 
61.

In school and out, many people need to put the information they find in an encyclopedia into words of their own. The student who is writing a composition, the businessman who is writing a report, and the housewife who is preparing a talk for a woman`s club often need the kind of information they find in an encyclopedia. But no one wants what he writes to read as it were copied from an encyclopedia. What you write should read as if it came from you.

 
62.

Even if you have every intention of rewriting the material in your own words, it is unwise to copy information from an encyclopedia word for word. Instead, write brief notes to remind yourself of the facts you wish to express. Later with the encyclopedia closed, you can expand those notes into sentences and paragraph of your own.

 
63.

The advantage of note-taking over copying is that it forces you to think for yourself at least twice-first when you are reading and second when you are using your notes. It is easy to copy a paragraph without being sure of what it means. But to make a note expressing the meaning of a paragraph in your own words requires you to prove to yourself that you have understood that paragraph. Note-taking also helps you to remember what you have read. It is much easier to remember what you have said in a note that someone else has said in a book. Even if author`s vocabulary is easily understood, it isn`t the vocabulary you naturally think of. Putting his ideas into your vocabulary makes those ideas yours, and yours are the ideas you best remember.

 
64.

Some people write notes in complete sentences. Others write notes that are phrases of topics. For example, a sentence note on the paragraph above might be “Notes help you remember.”A topical note for the same paragraph might be “Notes as memory helps”. Both of these are four-word notes, and therefore either has an advantage to save time at the moment of note-taking

 
65.

Remember that the purpose of taking notes is always for some future use, often for some future writing that you will do. Notes that make you think as you write are better than notes that merely help you remember information. The thinking writer is the one who creates something new, something that no one can point to and say, “Oh, I have seen that same paragraph in an encyclopedia.”

New rules will let millions of Americans know where more of their food comes from. The law is known as COOL—Country of Origin Labeling.

American Congress first passed the law in 2002. Stores have had to label seafood by country of origin since 2005. But industry pressure delayed other requirements until last week.

Products that must now be labeled include fresh fruits and vegetables, muscle meats and some kinds of nuts. But the rules are complex, and many foods are excluded. For example, organ meats are free to be labeled. So are processed foods, including cooked or smoked food.

The United States has imported more and more food in recent years to save money and expand choices. Country-of-origin labeling has become more common lately but has still been limited in many stores.

Food safety is one reason why some shoppers pay close attention to where foods came from. For example, when a large number of people recently got sick from salmonella(沙门菌病), officials blamed peppers from Mexico. Yet the last big food scare involved spinach (菠菜) grown in California. But labeling is also a way for people to know they are getting what they want. Some want to buy local foods or foods from a particular country.

The country-of-origin labeling law gives stores 30 days to correct any violations that are found. Stores and suppliers that are found to be deliberately violating the law could be fined 1000 dollars per violation. Federal inspectors are not to take action to enforce the law for six months to give time for an education campaign.

Some food safety activists say they are generally pleased with the law. They call it a good step that will give people more useful information.

57. Why has more and more food been imported to the United States in recent  

years?

A. Because it is economical and provides people with more choices.

B. Because the United States is short of food supply.

C. Because Americans need more and more food recently.

D. Because foreign food is of higher quality than native food.

58. What’s the regulation in the new rules?

A. Stores have to label food by its producing date from now on.

B. The country-of-origin labeling has to be marked on more food.

C. Stores have to label seafood by country of origin.

D. Labeling of food should include more useful information.

59. The new rules of the country-of-origin labeling law will come into effect           

______.

A. right now            B. in a month       

C. in three months        D. in half a year

60. Consumers are more concerned about where foods came from because

______.

A. they are curious about the country of the food origin

B. they are particular about the tastes of the food

C. they are concerned about food safety and want to get what they want

D. most of the shoppers are food safety activists themselves

How Many Lies Do the Children Tell You?

       Mothers who feel their children don' t appreciate them can add another grievance to the list: half the time, their children are lying to them.A study designed to expose the truth about lying shows that undergraduates lie to their mothers in 46% of their conversations.Still, mums should feel better than total strangers, who are told lies an astonishing 77 % of the time.

       Bella Depaulo and a team of psychologists from the University of Virginia, Charlottesville, asked 77 undergraduates to keep a record of all their conversations for a week, and write down whether they lied at any time.DePaulo named lying broadly, as "when you intentionally try to mislead someone", so she would catch the smallest of lies.

       The students told an average of two lies a day.They said they had been studying when they had been out drinking.One told his parents that a textbook cost $50 rather than $20 so that they would send him extra money.Female students constantly told their plain-looking roommates that they were pretty."They are everyday lies," says DePaulo.

       DePaulo and her colleagues conclude that people tend to tell fewer lies to those they feel closest to.College students lied to their best friends 28% of the time but lied to acquaintances 48% of the time.In close relationships, people were more likely to tell "kind-hearted" lies, designed to protect feelings, rather than self-serving lies.

       Romantic partners are somewhere between close friends and acquaintances.Students lied to romantic partners about a third of the time. DePaulo thinks that unmarried lovers can expect less honesty than best friends because of the insecurity that comes with romance.

       Mothers can take heart from one other finding. They may have been lied to, but at least their children talked to them.The students were recorded telling few lies to their fathers because they had little interaction with them.

54. According to the passage, college students felt closest to ______.

A. mothers             B. best friends    

C. acquaintance         D. romantic partners

55. Female students lied to their roommates to       .

A. get money from them                                  B. offer them the services

C. gain more security                                         D. make them happy

56. What is the purpose of this article?

A. To present a fact.                                     B. To argue an idea.

C. To tell a story.                                            D. To explain a theory.

                            

Anne Whitney, a sophomore at Colorado State University, first had a problem taking tests when she began college. "I was always well prepared for my tests. Sometimes I studied for weeks before a test. Yet I would go in to take the test, only to find I could not answer the questions correctly. I would blank out because of nervousness and fear. I couldn’t think of the answer. My low grades on the tests did not show what I knew to the teacher." Another student in microbiology had similar experiences. He said, "My first chemistry test was very difficult. Then, on the second test, I sat down to take it, but I was so nervous that I was shaking. My hands were moving up and down so quickly that it was hard to hold my pencil. I knew the material and I knew the answers. Yet I couldn’t even write them down!"

These two young students were experiencing something called test anxiety. Because a student worries and he is uneasy about a test, his or her mind does not work as well as it usually does. The student can’t write or think clearly because of the extreme tension and nervousness. Although poor grades are often a result of poor study habits, sometimes test anxiety causes the low grades. Recently, test anxiety has been recognized as a real problem, not just an excuse or a false explanation of lazy students.

Special university counseling courses try to help students. In these courses, counselors try to help students by teaching them how to manage test anxiety. At some universities, students take tests to measure their anxiety. If the tests show their anxiety is high, the students can take short courses to help them deal with their tension. These courses teach students how to relax their bodies. Students are trained to become calm in very tense situations. By controlling their nervousness, they can let their minds work at ease. Learned information then comes out without difficulty on a test.

An expert at the University of California explains. "With almost all students, relaxation and less stress are felt after taking our program. Most of them experience better control during their tests. Almost all have some improvement. With some, the improvement is very great."
50. To “blank out” in the first paragraph is probably______.

A. to be like a blanket      

B. to be unsure of an answer  

C. to show wrong knowledge to the teacher  

D. to be unable to think clearly

51. Poor grades are usually the result of _______.

A. poor hygienic habits      B. laziness 

C. lack of sleep         D. inability to form good study habits

52. To deal with this problem, students say they want to ______.

A. take a short course on anxiety 

B. read about anxiety and know how to deal with it

C. be able to manage or understand their anxiety 

D. take tests to prove they are not anxious

53. What can be inferred from the passage?

A. all students could overcome the anxiety after taking a special test anxiety program

B. most of the students felt relaxed after taking a University of California counseling course

C. students found it difficult to improve even if they had taken a special test anxiety course

D. students found it easy to relax as soon as they entered a counseling course

             

This is a time of year when we think about giving and receiving presents. Can you find a little extra to give? On this page we suggest a few organizations you might like to help.

Littleton Children’s Home

We DON’T want your money, but children’s toys, books and clothes IN GOOD CONDITION would be very welcome.

Also, we are looking for friendly families who would take our children into their homes for a few hours or days as guests. You have so much─will you share it?

Phone Sister Thomas on 55671

Children’s Hospice

We look after a small number of very sick children. This important work needs skill and love. We cannot continue without gifts or money to pay for more nursing staff. We also need storybooks and toys suitable for quiet games.

Please contact the Secretary, Little Children’s Hospice, Newby Road.

Street Food

In the winter weather, it’s no fun being homeless. It’s even worse if you’re hungry. We give hot food to at least fifty people every night. It’s hard work, but necessary. Can you come and help? If not, can you offer a little money? We use a very old kitchen, and we need some new saucepans(平底锅). Money for new ones would be most welcome indeed.

Contact Street Food, c/o Mary’s House, Elming Way. Littleton Phone 27713

Littleton Youth Club

Have you got an unwanted chair?─a record-player?─a pot of paint ? Because we can use them!

We want to get to work on our meeting room!

Please phone 66231 and we’ll be happy to collect anything you can give us.

Thank you!

The Night Shelter

We offer a warm bed for the night to anyone who has nowhere to go. We rent the former Commercial Hotel on Green Street. Although it is not expensive, we never seem to have quite enough money. Can you let us have a few pounds? Any amount, however small, will be such a help.

Send it to us at 15, Green St, Littleton. Please make check payable to Night Shelter.

46. What kind of people are these organizations designed for?

A. Homeless and sick children

B. Less fortunate members of our society

C. Hungry people who have no beds to sleep in

D. Friendly members of our society to help others

47. If you like children and you could offer a happy family to a homeless child, you may contact _____.

A. Street Food                                      B. The Night Shelter  

C. Littleton Children’s Home                  D. Children’s Hospice

48. What can be concluded from the passage?

A. There are too many social problems in this society.

B. People are very poor during the time of giving.

C. To offer help is just an excuse for these organizations to collect money.

D. There are many organizations trying to solve social problems.

49. What kind of things would Littleton Youth Club like to collect?

A. Old furniture and second-hand electrical equipment.

B. An apartment and some saucepans.

C. Hot food and storybooks.

D. A sum of money and children’s toys.  

                         

When my son, Mark, was in the third grade, he saved all his pocket money for over three months to buy holiday presents for those he loved. He had 26 twenty dollars.

The third Saturday in December, Mark said he had 27 his list and had his money in his 28 . I drove him to a 29 supermarket. Mark picked up a hand basket and went off on his own 30 I waited 31 reading a book at the front of the store. It 32 Mark over 45 minutes to choose his presents. When he came up to the checkout(结账台), the smile on his face was truly 33 . The clerk rang up his purchase(在收款机输入金额)as I politely looked at the other way. Mark kept 34 his budget and 35 into his pocket for his money. 36 was not there! There was a hole in his pocket, but no money. Mark stood 37 the store holding his basket, tears rolling down his cheeks. His whole body was 38 with his sobs. Then a(n) 39 thing happened. A 40 shopping in the store came up to Mark. She knelt down and took him 41 her arms. “You would do me the favor if you let me 42 your money,” said the woman. “It would be the most wonderful present you could ever give me. I only ask you could 43 . One day, when you grow up, I would like you to find someone you can help. I know you feel as good about it 44 I do now when you do help other people.” Mark took the money, tried to dry his 45 and ran to the checkout as fast as he could go.

26. A. collected       B. gathered       C. spared        D. saved

27. A. wrote        B. made         C. had          D. shown

28. A. wallet        B. purse         C. pocket        D. backpack

29. A. nearby        B. close         C. near          D. distance

30. A. while         B. when         C. though        D. as

31. A. worriedly     B. patiently       C. politely        D. regularly

32. A. spent         B. cost          C. took          D. needed

33. A. disappointing   B. upset          C. surprising     D. joyful

34. A. in           B. within        C. out of        D. over

35. A. put          B. reached        C. turned        D. stretched

36. A. It           B. There        C. They        D. That

37. A. at the front of B. at the back of    C. in the middle of   D. outside

38. A. breathing     B. worrying      C. frightened     D. shaking

39. A. interesting     B. happy        C. dramatic      D. amazing

40. A. customer     B. clerk        C. stranger       D. guard

41. A. by        B. with        C. in          D. on

42. A. reply       B. return        C. give          D. pay

43. A. pass it on     B. pass it down    C. continue it     D. keep it

44. A. that        B. as         C. what         D. which

45. A. sweat       B. pocket        C. presents       D. tears

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