【题目】 You have probably heard that Japan has among the highest life expectancy(预期寿命) in the world and that the island of Okinawa(冲绳) has the greatest concentration(浓度) of centenarians(百岁老人). But do you know that two-thirds of the centenarians are still functioning independently? That means they are in their own homes, cooking their own meals and living their lives fully - at about 100 years old!

The elders there are less likely than their counterparts in the United States to have heart disease, dementia(痴呆) or certain cancers. Their bones are stronger than those of similarly aged people around the world. Many of these residents are the subjects of one of the largest studies of centenarians ever conducted. Since 1976, nearly a thousand centenarians on the islands have been studied.

More than anything, the Okinawa diet has long captured the headlines. Before knowing what the Okinawans eat, there is a valuable lesson in how they eat.

Remember this term: hara hachi bu. It is translated into English as “Stop eating when you are 80% full.” With hara hachi bu, the philosophy is that you should still be a little hungry when you push the plate away. You are also advised to reduce your portion(食物的分量) sizes, use smaller plates and eat more slowly.

There is a basic biological (生物学的) reason this works. It takes about 20 minutes for the stomach to send signals to the brain that it is full. Unfortunately, most people can shovel down another several hundred calories in that short time. Instead, if you push the plate away and just wait, you will have eaten less and still feel satisfied.

Eating less is associated with longevity, but of course, that also depends on what you eat. Okinawans typically eat seven different fruits and vegetables and 18 different foods a day, and more than 200 different foods and spices regularly in their overall diet.

However, the younger generations are eating more meat and fast food instead of fish and soy. The elderly there are still widely revered(崇敬), but there are fewer of them, and they are less often living to 100 than in decades past.

1What is the key to the high life expectancy in Okinawa?

A.What they eatB.How they eat

C.Where they liveD.When they exercise

2Which of the following has the closest meaning to the underlined part “shovel down” in Paragraph 5?

A.fill inB.put down

C.fill outD.push away

3Which of the following statements about Okinawa is true?

A.The elderly are in bad need of mutual respect.

B.There are an increasing number of the elderly.

C.The younger generations have a varied diet.

D.Things are starting to change for the worse.

4Which could be the best title for the passage?

A.Eat less to live longer.

B.Healthy diets build longevity.

C.The Okinawa: a place of longevity.

D.Improve life expectancy? Slow down.

【题目】 A study has found that warmer waters off North America's West Coast caused many kinds of sea life to move farther north than ever before.

The study was a project of scientists from the University of California, Davis. The scientists examined waters off the coast of Northern California in the eastern Pacific Ocean. The researchers say they recognized a local of 67 species 物种)between 2014 and 2016, during what was described as a "marine heat wave". Marine heatwaves were explained in the study as "period of extreme sea surface temperatures lasting for days to months". The 2014-2016 heatwave is thought to be the largest ever recorded. The warn water later moved south toward California.

The warmer water were partly a product of El Nio conditions during the same period, researcher noted. El Nio develops when winds off the coast of South America weaken. This enabled warm water in the western Pacific to move eastward. El Nio often causes ocean temperatures in the area to rise between 2 to 4 degrees Celsius, the study found.

The researchers reported that 37 of the 67 species they studied had never before been observed so far north as California. These creatures are native to an area hundreds of kilometers to the south, mainly around Baja California in Mexico. A few were even found north of California, off the state of Oregon. The northward travel of so many different sea creatures was considered "unprecedented"(史无前例的)by the researchers. Among the species found in the study were a meat-eating sea slug that hunts other sea slugs, a sea snail "butterfly" and purple-lined jellyfish. Another unexpected visitor was the pelagic red crab, which researchers said had only been found in areas off the coast of Mexico.

Scientists involved in the study believe the findings can provide valuable information for knowing future sea life reactions to warming oceans.

1What is a marine heat wave according to the passage?

A.An ocean with rough surface.

B.A wave with low temperatures.

C.A period of warmer ocean surface water.

D.A species living in extreme weather.

2What contributes to El Nio conditions?

A.Warmer waters.B.Weakened winds off South America.

C.Colder sea surface.D.Species moving northward.

3Why does the author mention the men-eat in sea lug in paragraph 4?

A.To point out that ocean environment becomes worse.

B.To suggest that sea creatures need separate living space.

C.To prove that many kinds of sea life can adapt to warmer waters.

D.To evidence that ocean temperature along California are higher than before.

4What can be inferred from the passage?

A.The heatwaves disturb the life of many sea creatures.

B.The increased temperature benefits many sea creatures.

C.Sea life reactions can be valuable to predict future heatwaves.

D.The heatwaves cause many unexpected visitors to move southward.

【题目】 Whether you are a beginnermiddle-level or advanced leanerwe have a course to fit your needs. We offer more than 50 courses and best of allyou don't have to leave your homeThere are no scheduled course times in our online classrooms. Our self-pacedonline classes are open the whole day.

This course teaches you the basics that you need to know and gives you the skill you need to start creating your written works of art. You'll learn about writing novels, poems and even plays. It doesn't matter if you're already writing or if you want to learn more about it so you can start.

Course Number: 9770561

Course Type: Basic

Instructor: Dana Kristian

This course provides you with the tools and information you need to improve not only the speed when you read, but your understanding and focus as well. Speed reading will also provide you with useful tools that you can use when you have trouble in reading.

Course Number: 7550418

Course Type: Middle-level

Instructor: Stephanie Val

This course is about both vocabulary and language. Over 900 frequently used English vocabulary words are taught and each lesson is broken down to include basic English language ideas to improve proper sentence development. All is supported by several examples and exercises.

Course Number: 8900182

Course Type: Basic

Instructor: Carol Smith

This course will provide you with a review of the grammar and writing skills necessary when you take any high school or college test, or with your everyday writing and communication in your work.

Course Number: 7550403

Course Type: Public Education

Instructor: Henry Brown

1How long does the middle-level course last

A.7 hours.B.10 hours.

C.14 hours.D.15 hours.

2Who can help you improve your spoken English

A.Dana Kristian.B.Stephanie Val.

C.Carol Smith.D.Henry Brown.

3Which course is for the students taking a college exam

A.Creative Writing for Beginners.B.Speed Reading 101.

C.Basic English Speaking Skills.D.ABCs of English Grammar.

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