【1】

According to International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses, an organization responsible for naming new viruses,the task of naming a virus is no less important than naming a person.

When a disease breaks out, people focus on the public health response 【2】 But that may lead to many problems. The most obvious one is that different media organizations may use different names for the same virus in their reports. We are now in the internet era. 【3】 This means different names can take hold quickly and be hard to take back, which may confuse those who know little about the virus.

【4】 Over the past decade, some improper names have caused problems. In 2009, the “swine flu” was widely used before the official name, HINI virus, was announced. This led Egypt to kill all of its pigs. In 2015, MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome)caused a backlash (强烈抵制)against the nations and people of this region. So in 2015, the World Health Organization (WHO) announced that the names of viruses should avoid being named after geographic locations, people, species or classes of animals and foods.

【5】 The new coronavirus we are suffering from was named “COV-ID-19” on Feb 11. In this name, “CO” means “corona”, “VI” stands for “virus” and “D” means “disease”. Next time you read about a virus you don't know, you may get some clues about it from its name.

A.But naming a virus is never easy.

B.The WHO followed these principles this time .

C.News can spread to every household in seconds.

D.They often don’t know how to protect themselves.

E.The official naming of a new virus is often delayed.

F.Do you have a name which is easy to remember?

G.But do you know how the new coronavirus got its name?

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

When 1 first learn to write in English, I ran into many difficulties. The main problem was that I always thought in Chinese but tried to translate everything which I came across into my own language while I was reading. My teacher advised me to keep a diary. I followed his advices and put down 100 words or so each day. Soon I began to enjoy talk to myself as I was learning to express myself with simple English. One day I wrote a story and I showed it to my teacher. It was an interested one which he liked it very much and he read it to the class. All said that the story sounded wonderfully. Their words were a great encouragement to me. What pleasant experience it was!

Changing People’s Bad Impression On Us

Some of us have made bad first impressions in front of people we wanted to become good friends with.First impressions are important because they form the foundation on which all future thoughts about someone will be based.【1】However,there are actions you can take to change people's bad impression of you.

●Apologize immediately.A sincere apology can go a long way because you will prove to everyone that you value their thoughts about you.Tell the people that you didn’t intend to offend（冒犯）them and that you wish to correct the situation.Explain the reasons why you acted the way you did in your apology.【2】Otherwise,it will make others feel uncomfortable that you keep bringing up the past.

●Use humor.When you are around the people you made a bad impression in front of,play a small joke on yourself.Once they know you are not afraid to laugh at yourself,it can break up some of the tension.Remember to only direct humor at yourself.【3】

●Do not make assumptions.After you have made a bad impression,it can be easy to assume that everyone thinks the worst of you.【4】Instead of assuming what someone thinks about you,explain to her that you feel ashamed about how you acted and ask him how your behavior affected him.

●【5】In order to overcome a bad first impression,your words and actions in the time to come must be consistently good.With enough time and patience,gaining trust and changing wrong beliefs is possible.

A.Be careful not to overdo it.

B.Pay attention to future behavior.

C.First impressions are usually long-lasting.

D.However,things aren’t always as bad as they seem.

E.That way you can avoid any more feelings of discomfort.

F.So it’s hard to erase a bad first impression from someone’s mind.

G.Be mindful of your surroundings and sensitive in what you say to others.

【1】What is the relationship between the speakers?

A. Close friends. B. Husband and wife. C. Boss and worker.

【2】What does the woman hate doing?

A. Typing. B. Talking. C. Planning.

【3】Why does the woman like to work in a hotel?

A. She can get higher pay. B. She can easily get promoted. C. She can meet various people.

Each year, millions of people load up the family car and set out on a holiday trip. Whether it's to grandma's house, a family reunion or simply a holiday getaway, these yearly road trips can often be the source of tiredness and stress. The thought of being trapped in the car with restless children or the possibility of car trouble along the way is enough to make anyone consider staying home.【1】

Plan out the route for your car trip. If you're planning on driving to your holiday destination, a little planning can help make your trip easy.【2】 Remember, it's likely that you won't be the only person on the road during the holidays, and traffic is always a factor. Alternate（可供选择的）routes or shortcuts can help reduce time spent in traffic jams and get you to your destination sooner.

【3】 Although traveling by air can be quick and convenient, it can also be much more expensive. Start planning your trip early to take advantage of advance purchase discounts. Many airlines become extremely busy during the holidays so booking in advance can also help ensure that you get the flights that you want.

Consider your luggage needs. Before you begin packing, think about how many people will be in your car and how much room they will need to travel comfortably. This could affect the number of bags that you can take along.【4】 Not only is the possibility of lost luggage a problem, but most airlines now charge extra for checked baggage. For a family of four, carrying a few bags each could result in several hundred dollars worth of baggage fees during your trip.【5】

A.As an alternative to driving or flying, check into the possibility of traveling by train.

B. Plan your trip to avoid peak travel times.

C. Luckily, with a little planning, these situations can be avoided.

D. Book airline tickets in advance.

E. Try to pack as lightly as possible.

F. For traveling by air, the number of bags that you take is a much bigger concern.

G. Consider your starting point and desired destination, and investigate several possible routes.

1.表示感谢；

2.简述疫情下的备考情况；

3.表达决心和希望。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。

Dear Tom,

_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

The world of fashion seems far away【1】middle school students. But Aya Dixon, 15, was【2】（luck）to have a close cnnection to the fashion industry before it eventually became her dream job.

On Oct. 8, together with another nine students from Baltimore Design School, US, Dixon attended the White House's first Fashion Education Workshop,【3】students had the chance to talk with Anna Wintour, editor-in-chief of the fashion magazine Vogue.【4】（lead）by American first lady, the workshop focused on topics such as inspiration, wearable technology and clothing 【5】（construct）.

According to White House officials, the goal of the event【6】（be）to "show young people what it takes to succeed in the fashion industry. ""Fashion is【7】just about catwalks and red carpets," the first lady told students during a lunchtime speech. She said that real fashion is the product of a long, complex and difficult process, as she has learned working with many【8】（designer）.

Like many other students, Dixon also got the opportunity to talk to her idols（偶像）."I【9】（real）had a fun time interviewing Zac Posen, and it was a great experience," said Dixon. From the famous designer and founder of fashion brand Zac Posen, Dixon learned how【10】（sew）and "build from her heart. "

Indonesian university student Tyas Sisianindita spends about eight hours a day on her phone. That time includes 【1】 （watch） videos, chatting with friends and using social media.

ul realize that I am addicted>n she said, noting she checks her phone countless times, "At night, when I can’t sleep, I can use my phone for up 【2】 five hours. " Tyas goes to the University of Indonesia, where a team of students 【3】 （recent） developed a device meant to fight phone addiction.

The students spent three 【4】 （month） creating the device, which can help the Internet users like Tyas reduce the time they spend looking at their phones. The device 【5】（call） “Nettox”. Users wear it on their arm.

The Nettox device makes a sound when HRV （心率变异性）and blood oxygen levels fall caused by using a mobile phone for long hours, which tells wearers 【6】（stop） using their phones. For people between the ages of 18【7】 25, the HRV should stay above 60.

Internet addiction is a growing 【8】 （society） problem in Indonesia. In October, two teenagers were treated for 【9】 （they） addiction to Internet gaming, the media reported. HRV readings can change depending on if the user is a man or woman, and 【10】their body shape and health conditions are.

In a recent study published in the journal Nutrients, scientists from the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization(CSIRO), Australia's national science organization, took a close look at the diets of 9,341 adult Australians—specifically, their “water-scarcity footprints(水消耗足迹)”.

It turned out that a sweet tooth not only adds to our waistlines(腰围) but also stresses our water resources. The water-scarcity footprint is a widely recognized measurement of water consumption. First, it counts the liters of water you used. Then, it looks at the place where the water was used. The more lacking water is in your area, the larger your water-scarcity footprint.

The scientists found that the average Australian's diet had a water-scarcity footprint of 362 liters per day. Snacks—cookies, cakes and alcohol—accounted for 25 percent of the water-scarcity footprint. The research also included a glass of wine(41 liters), a single serving of potato chips(23 liters), and a small bar of milk chocolate(21 liters).

Not surprisingly, cutting out snacks would be the N0.1 priority if you wanted to lower your own water-scarcity footprint.

Earth's surface is 70 percent water, but only 2.5 percent of that can be used for drinking or farming. By 2030, a world of about 8.6 billion people will need 35 percent more water, 40 percent more energy, and 50 percent more food, according to the United States National Intelligence Council. So, we need to watch what we eat, not just for our personal health but for the health of our societies.

【1】What did the recent study closely focus on?

A.Modern agriculture.B.Average Australians.

C.Water resources.D.Water-scarcity footprints.

【2】What did scientists from CSIRO find in their study?

A.Sweet teeth lead to thin waistlines.

B.Australians' diets are mainly made up of snacks.

C.The water-scarcity fooprint is a measurement of saving water.

D.Lacking water in our area means a larger water-scarcity footprint.

【3】What does the underlined part “the N0.1 priority” in Paragraph 5 probably mean?

A.the least important thingB.the least impossible thing

C.something to be done firstD.something to be prevented first

【4】What does the last paragraph intend to tell us?

A.Take care of our diets.B.Protect our drinking water.

C.Make good use of energy.D.Produce more healthy food.

Fortunately, there is a new law to support—or better still, science.

A law in California, passed on Oct 13, requires that public middle schools begin classes no earlier than 8：00 am and that high schools start no earlier than 8：30 am. The law will go into effect by July 1, 2022.

Starting school at 8：00 or 8：30 in the morning may not sound like too big of a change, but it could mean one more hour of sleep for students who used to start school at 7:30 or even earlier.

"The effect of that one hour is something they will be feeling as 40-year-old adults," Sumit Bhargava, a sleep expert at Stanford University, told The New York Times. He said that not having enough sleep can affect students' mental health and increase the risk of being overweight and diabetes （糖尿病）.

In the short run, students' school performances should improve almost immediately. Kyla Wahlstrom, a researcher at the University of Minnesota's College of Education, found that students who have enough sleep are alert in class and get much more satisfying grades.

Some might say that asking students to go to bed earlier could have been a much easier solution than changing the school timetable across an entire state. But according to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, teenagers go through biological changes when they enter puberty （青春期）,which makes it difficult for them to fall asleep before 11：00 pm. So when school starts at 8：00 or earlier, they can hardly get the ideal 8.5-9.5 hours of sleep that experts suggest they need to do their best in the daytime.

This is why when the new law came out, its author, Anthony Portantino, said, "Generations of children will come to appreciate this historic day and our governor for taking action."

【1】Which of the following is TRUE about the law?

A.The law has not been put into practice.

B.The law requires schools to start later than 8：30am.

C.The law will be passed by July 1, 2022.

D.The law is made by a university in California.

【2】What does the underlined word alert in Paragraph 6 probably mean?

A.Friendly.B.Sharp.

C.Calm.D.Honest.

【3】For a better academic performance in the daytime, how long do teenagers probably need to sleep?

A.About 8 hours.B.About 9 hours.

C.At least 10 hours.D.At most 8. 5 hours.

【4】What's the main idea of the text?

A.Lack of sleep could lead to health problems.

B.The amount of sleep people need changes with age.

C.A new law lets students sleep longer.

D.Sleeping problems are leading problems for teenagers.