There are four main kinds of blood. Most people born with one of these four: Type A,Type B, Type AB or Type O. Type O can be safely given to anyone. So it is commonly used when a person is injured or sick and has to have blood.

The differences among blood types are linked to whether or not red blood cells contain certain kinds of sugar molecules(分子). These molecules are found on the surface of the cells.They are known as antigens (抗原). These antigens are found with type A, B and AB blood but not with type O.

More than twenty-five years ago, scientists found that the antigens could be removed to create what they called universal-type cells. They could be removed with chemicals called enzymes(酶). But large amounts of enzymes were required to make the change.

Doctor Henrik Clausen of the University of Copenhagen in Denmark led the study. The next step, he says, is to complete safety tests. The team is working with the American company ZymeQuest to test the new method. If it meets safety requirements(*k)and is not too costly,it could become a widely used life-saving tool to increase the supply of universal blood.

【1】How do scientists deal with the problem of lacking type O blood?

A.Hope more people to donate type O blood.

B.Make the most of the present type O blood.

C.Develop new ways of using type O blood.

D.Make type O blood out of other kinds of blood.

【2】What make people have different kinds of blood?

A.Sugar molecules in red blood cells.

B.People's different living conditions.

C.Peoples various immune systems.

D.The variety of peoples cells and genes.

【3】What can we infer from the text?

A.Type O blood can be safely given to anyone

B.Antigens could easily be removed to create universal blood.

C.A Danish company wanted to involve itself in studying blood.

D.The new method is not safe enough to be put into use in hospitals now.

【4】What is the best title for the text?

A.Four different kinds of blood

B.A new way to make type O blood

C.The latest research on blood type

D.Find the proper type of blood

Before you can build your own solar panels, you first need to understand how solar cells generate electricity. Once you’ve bought individual solar cells (they can be purchased online), the basic process for building your own solar panel goes like this: Prepare the backing for your panel. Many DIY solar panel builders prefer to use a wooden board as the base for their solar cells.

You’ll need to drill holes m the board so that the wires for each cell can pass through. Wire your solar cells together. This requires some experience for electrical work. Use a soldering iron (烙铁) to attach wire to the solar cells and then link each of the cells together. Attach cells to your backing. If possible, attach each solar cell to the backing individually. This makes it easier to replace a single cell in the event that becomes damaged or is not operating properly.

At this point you have a functional solar panel that can produce electricity when the sun shines. However, a solar panel by itself is not useful. If you are trying to generate electricity to power devices in your home, you need to pair your panel with inverter (转换器) that will turn direct current (DC) power from the sun into alternating current (AC) power used in most electronic devices.

【1】What does the author think of building DIY solar panel in paragraph 1?

A. It is easy. B. It is necessary.

C. It is common. D. It is worthwhile.

【2】What’s the first step of building your own solar panel?

A. Master the advanced knowledge of science.

B. Buy individual solar cells.

C. Prepare the backing for your panel.

D. Drill holes in the wooden board.

【3】Why are solar cells connected to the wooden board separately?

A. To produce more power.

B. To pass through the wooden board easily.

C. To attach cells to the backing tightly.

D. To substitute damaged cells easily.

【4】What can be inferred from the text?

A. People with electrical skills have advantages over those without in DIY solar panels.

B. A functional solar panel can give power to your home devices directly.

C. How to pair an inverter depends on how much power you want to power.

D. A wooden board is a must for your own solar panels.

【1】Why does David go to Professor Smith for help?

A. He had trouble with today’s lecture.

B. He missed all the classes last week.

C. He wanted to learn how to take notes.

【2】What should David do at the start of each class?

A. Have a short talk with the professor.

B. Look through the notes from last class.

C. Take down the main points of the lecture.

【3】How can David find the most important information to write down?

A. By remember all the details of the lecture.

B. By reading the notes taken by his classmates.

C. By focusing on the organization of the lecture.

【4】How many suggestions has Professor Smith given to David?

A. Two.

B. Three.

C. Four.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

【1】What do we know about the woman?

A.She prefers the job that allows time to study.

B.She likes reading books in the library.

C.She wants to be a photographer.

【2】Why doesn’t the woman want to work as a lifeguard?

A.The job is too tiring.

B.The pay is not satisfying.

C.She can’t do anything else while working.

【3】What will the woman probably do next?

A.Stop off at the library.

B.Go to the job fair.

C.Leave her lifeguard job.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

【1】How did the woman feel at first?

A.Angry.B.Sorry.C.Puzzled.

【2】Where did the speakers plan to meet?

A.At the bus station.B.Outside the cinema.C.In the shopping center.

【3】What is the woman going to do next?

A.Go to the cinema.B.Go shopping.C.Go home.

12 years ago, Rakesh and his wife founded a tech company which quickly became successful, but he still didn’t feel happy and satisfied. It wasn’t until 2009, when Kavya,a beautiful dog, came into his life that he truly felt that his life had meaning. Three months later,he got a second dog, this time a stray called Lucky. Over the next few weeks, whenever Rakesh saw a stray or an abandoned dog, he just brought it home. The number grew quickly.

In 2011, he founded the Voice of Stray Dogs, a dog rescue organization working to support the strays of Bangalore. Today, it is the world's largest citywide dog rescue center.

He kept adopting stray and abandoned dogs. By 2015, he had spent over $ 1 million of his own money to rescue over 5,000 stray dogs in Bangalore, not to mention taking care of the hundreds that lived at his shelter permanently. Facing a series of problems, while providing the city a free service, he decided that people who need a dog rescued have to pay a 2, 500 rupee($37)fee.

Rakesh Shukla is viewed by many as a hero, and a human champion of stray and abandoned dogs in Bangalore.

【1】We know from the first paragraph that Rakesh____________.

A.is well-known as a software engineer and CEO.

B.quit his job to take care of the abandoned dogs.

C.founded the most advanced dog rescue center in India.

D.looked for their owners for the strays or abandoned dogs.

【2】When did Rakesh begin to have dogs in his care?

A.In 2006B.In 2009

C.In 2011.D.In 2015

【3】The Voice of Stray Dogs_________.

A.was set up by Rakesh's wife

B.is making a study on the strays

C.collects information about the strays

D.is the worlds largest citywide dog rescue center

【4】Why did Rakesh decide to ask for a fee from people who need dogs?

A.He faced lack of moneyB.He doesn’t want to lose his dogs

C.He wants people to treat dogs betterD.He wants to make money by selling dogs

1.写信目的；

2.中国画的特点；

3.著名的中国画画家。

注意:1.可适当增加细节，以使结构完整，行文连贯；2.词数100左右。

参考词汇:专栏 column 中国画 Chinese painting

Dear editor,

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

【1】What are the speakers talking about?

A. New films.

B. Popular cinemas.

C. Film-seeing habits.

【2】What seems to bother the woman at the cinema?

A. The uncomfortable seat.

B. The noisy people.

C. The long waiting time.

【3】What do we know about the man?

A. He prefers seeing new films at the cinema.

B. He enjoys seeing films with friends.

C. He likes talking about new films.

【1】What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Husband and wife.

B. Doctor and patient.

C. Customer and waiter.

【2】What must have caused the speakers’ stomach aches?

A. The fish.

B. The soup.

C. The apples.

【3】Where will the speakers go?

A. To the market.

B. To the hospital.

C. To the restaurant.

听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

【1】What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

A.Classmates.B.Mother and son.C.Teacher and student.

【2】Why didn’t the boy take his mobile phone?

A.He forgot to take it with him.

B.He thought it’s safer to leave it at home.

C.He didn’t want to use it at school.