“We were always drinking coffee at university,” Lechner remembers. “And that’s how I started to wonder. What happens to all that coffee? It was all just getting thrown away.” He began consulting with his professors about ways of using coffee grounds to create a solid material.

“We tried combining with a lot of different things,” Lechner said, “We even tried sugar. That was close, but basically it was a candy cup. It just kept melting after being used three times.” The whole point was to make it last long, so Lechner and his partners went back to the institute to continue their research. Finally, after many failed experiments, they came up with a mix of coffee grounds and a biopolymer(生物高聚物) that seemed to behave the way Lechner had expected it.

“The moment of knowing the cup would actually stand was super-exciting,” he recalls. “It was wonderful to drink that first coffee out of the cup. It proved to be totally worth the wait.” And his creation has proven commercially successful, which is just the icing on the cake. The coffee cups are now present in ten shops across Europe, and the company can hardly keep up with demand, regularly selling out of its stock online.

Lechner will soon launch a larger line of coffee grounds cups and also work on a travel mug. But those are just short-term plans, as Lechner hopes to one day use recycled coffee grounds to create all sort of useful stuff—like sheets and furniture in cafés and restaurants.

【1】What do people do with coffee grounds before Lechner?

A. Make products beautiful.

B. Improve the soil.

C. Produce drinking cups.

D. Create solid materials.

【2】What can we infer from Paragraph 3?

A. Candy cups can last longer than coffee cups.

B. Coffee grounds are rich in biopolymer.

C. Biopolymer can get coffee cups used repeatedly.

D. Lechner invented coffee cups alone.

【3】What does the underlined phrase refer to in Paragraph 4?

A. Profits from coffee cup business.

B. Creation of coffee cups.

C. Decreasing demands for coffee grounds.

D. Consumption of delicious iced coffee.

【4】What is the main idea of the passage?

A. A new way of recycling coffee cups.

B. Commercial success from consuming coffee.

C. Recycling coffee grounds into stuff like coffee cups.

D. Different product designers of recycling coffee grounds.

Secretary/Typist

The Union is a student-run organization with a permanent staff of 20. Typing speed: at least 60 wpm.

Theabilitytotakeshorthanddictationandaworkingknowledgeoffillingproceduresareessentialrequirements.

Thebasicsalaryforthepositionis$18,500peryear.

EnquirestoR.Barbar387-5075.

EmuAirline

Secretary

EmuAirlineisnowofferingapart-timepositionforasecretary.

Thepositionoffersatleast20hours'workaweek,withaviewtofull-timeworkinthefuture.

Monthlysalaryisabout$1,400.

Phone899-3264foranappointment.

WordProcessor

Operator(full-time)

Weneedanoperatortoworkinanofficeassociatedwiththebuildingindustry.Onlyexperiencedoperatorsareexpectedtoapply.

Startingsalary:$17,950yearly.

Applyinwritingto:

ThePersonnelOfficerHillMorganPtyLtd38GreenHillRd.Kensington2033.

SewingMachinistWanted

JeansIndustry

Weareanexpandingclothingcompanylocatedsouthofthecity.Ourproductsincludejeans,skirts,shortsandsoon.Wearelookingforsewingmachineoperators

Thefactoryworksa38-hourweekover4-5days.Wagesforthisare$18,050peryear.Wagesand conditions are in line with the current industrial award.

If you are interested, come over and pick up an application form from Ripper Jeans, 23 North Ave, Beaudesert.

【1】What can we learn from the above advertisements?

A. Theircompaniesareintroducedindetail.

B. Theyallwantpeoplefortheirrespectivepositions.

C. Eachislookingforexperiencedemployees.

D. There exist large income gaps between the four posts.

【2】The attractiveness of the post in Emu Airline is_____.

A. its good salary

B. itsniceworkingconditions

C. its promising future

D. its free flying

【3】Ifyou want to be a sewing machine operator you may contact this company by_____.

A. phone B. email

C. visit D. fax

In Britain and the USA, the managing directors or 【6】 of big companies are often accused 【7】 being 'fat cats', i.e. bosses 【8】 salaries are often twenty-five times more than the company's lowest-paid workers. When times are hard and workers are 【9】 off, they receive very little. 【10】 directors, on the other hand, get big golden handshakes.

In Italy, kids are encouraged to be part of every social occasion that revolves around food — it’s not about dividing the children from the adults, giving them separate meals or putting them to bed early. In Britain, by contrast, my sister and I often see children eating separate meals from their parents.

Letting children experience food like an Italian will develop not just their palate(味觉) but also their social skills, manners, teaching them new and mature ways to interact. Here are some food customs that are part of every Italian child’s upbringing.

One of the most celebrated Italian food customs is the morning coffee. Coffee shops and bars have customers streaming in and out of them each morning as the Italians get their daily dose–and this habit is just as much about the social setting as it is about the coffee.

While the morning is all about coffee, pre-lunch or dinner, it’s all about the local snacks. Most often, Italian city centres and squares are jam packed with locals who come out with their kids to enjoy this pre-dinner treat, and children are encouraged to enjoy snacks available. This is a brilliant way to get kids to try new tastes without the pressures of meal times. It’s important to note that “kids’ menus” do not exist in Italian restaurants—children are treated like adults and are offered plates from the main menu — in smaller amounts, if they’re young.

Post-lunch, most cities can seem quite deserted. But by 4 p.m. onwards, the crowds start to re-emerge. One by one, families spill out and the streets liven up. Everyone begins their afternoon stroll, enjoying the afternoon snacks, like ice-cream, which turns over a huge trade in Italy.

【1】What will parents do at meal times in Italy?

A. Let children have their meals separately.

B. Offer children plates from kids’ menu.

C. Order some food for children but in small amounts.

D. Encourage children to eat with them.

【2】What won’t children develop if they experience food like an Italian?

A. Cooking ways.B. Sense of taste.

C. Social skills.D. Interacting manners.

【3】What do we know about the pre-dinner treat in Italy?

A. It is most often about coffee.

B. It can get children to experience new foods with ease.

C. It is unavailable in city centres and squares.

D. It can reduce the pressure of meal times.

【4】What is the author’s purpose in writing this passage?

A. To introduce different Italian local foods.

B. To stress the importance of food for Italians.

C. To show Italians’ children education.

D. To advertise Italian food trends.

The researchers asked 185 college students to choose a chocolate cake or a fruit salad, and evaluated the taste. Those who ate in a room with a mirror scored the taste of junk food much lower than those in a room without a mirror. But the taste of fruit salad remained the same in any case.

Lead scientist, Dr. Ata Jami, says that a glance in the mirror tells people more than just about their physical appearance. It enables them to view themselves objectively (客观地) and helps them to judge themselves and their behavior in the same way that they judge other people.

The mirrors were found to push people to compare and match their own behavior with accepted social standards. The researchers believe it proves that people don’t want to look in the mirror when they feel they are following the social standards. When they look in the mirror with mouths full of junk food, feelings of discomfort and failure can be increased. Therefore, the presence of the mirror lowers the taste of unhealthy food.

However, researchers say this is only the case if people select the food they are eating, because they are responsible for that choice. The researchers suggest that mirrors be placed in dining rooms and other eating spaces, so that people will start eating more healthily.

【1】Researchers are amazed to find that ______.

A. paper plates make food look nicer

B. people using a fork will eat more

C. mirrors can help people lose weight

D. people will eat more in front of a mirror

【2】What can be inferred from the study?

A. Some teenagers got involved in it.

B. People were required to eat with a spoon.

C. People preferred a chocolate cake to a fruit salad.

D. The mirror may not affect the taste of healthy food.

【3】According to Dr. Ata Jami, the mirror ______.

A. makes people judge others correctly

B. makes people well judge themselves

C. is a necessary part of people’s daily life

D. can only show the appearance of a person

【4】How does the mirror affect the taste of junk food?

A. By making people hungry.

B. By showing the social standards.

C. By attracting people to healthy food.

D. By causing a feeling of discomfort.

I wasn’t an excellent student because I didn’t do much schoolwork. In my final term I started thinking what I might do and found I didn’t have much to offer. I just accepted that I wasn’t the type to have a career.

I then found myself a job, looking after two little girls. It wasn’t too bad at first. But the problems began when I agreed to live in, so that I would be there if my boss had to go out for business in the evening. We agreed that if I had to work extra hours one week, she’d give me time off the next. But unfortunately, it didn’t often work out. I was getting extremely tired and fed up, because I had too many late nights and early mornings with the children.

One Sunday, I was in the park with the children, and met Megan who used to go to school with me. I told her about my situation. She suggested that I should do a course and get a qualification if I wanted to work with children. I didn’t think I would be accepted because I didn’t take many exams in school. She persuaded me to phone the local college and they were really helpful. My experience counted for a lot and I got on a part-time course. I had to leave my job with the family, and got work helping out at a kindergarten.

Now I’ve got a full-time job there. I shall always be thankful to Megan. I wish I had known earlier that you could have a career, even if you aren’t top of the class at school.

【1】When staying with the two girls’ family, the author __________.

A. took a day off every other week

B. often worked long hours

C. was paid for extra work

D. got much help from her boss

【2】Why did the author leave her first job?

A. She was fed up with children.

B. She found a full-time job.

C. She needed a rest after working extra hours.

D. She decided to attend a part-time course.

【3】What has the author learned from her own experiences?

A. One must choose the job she likes.

B. Less successful students can still have a career.

C. Hard work makes an excellent student.

D. Qualifications are necessary for a career.

What to Expect

The host will provide accommodation and meals. Rooms will be cleaned and bedcovers changed at least once a week. You will be given the house key and the host is there to offer help and advice as well as to take an interest in your physical and mental health.

Accommodation Zones

Homestays are located in London mainly in Zones 2, 3 and 4 of the transport system. Most hosts do not live in the town center as much of central London is commercial and not residential. Zones 3 and 4 often offer larger accommodation in a less crowded area. It is very convenient to travel in London by underground.

Meal Plans Available

*Continental Breakfast

*Breakfast and Dinner

*Breakfast Packed Lunch and Dinner

It’s important to note that few English families still provide a traditional cooked breakfast. Your accommodation includes Continental Breakfast which normally consists of fruit juice, cereal, bread and tea or coffee. Cheese, fruit and cold meat are not normally part of a Continental Breakfast in England. Dinners usually consist of meat or fish with vegetables followed by dessert, fruit and coffee.

Friends

If you wish to invite a friend over to visit, you must first ask your host’s permission. You have no right to entertain friends in a family home as some families feel it is an invasion(侵犯) of their privacy.

Self Catering Accommodation in Private Homes

Accommodation on a room-only basis includes shared kitchen and bathroom facilities (设施) and often a main living room. This kind of accommodation offers an independent lifestyle and is more suitable for the long-stay student. However, it does not provide the same family atmosphere as an ordinary homestay and may not benefit those who need to practice English at home quite as much.

【1】The passage is probably written for __________.

A. travelers planning to visit families in London

B. foreigners hoping to build British culture

C. hosts willing to receive foreign students

D. English learners applying to live in English homes

【2】What can be inferred from Paragraph 3?

A. Accommodation in the city center is not provided.

B. The business center of London is probably in Zone 1.

C. Zone 4 is more crowded than Zone 2.

D. Hosts dislike travelling to the city center.

【3】Why do some people choose self catering accommodation?

A. To entertain friends as they like.

B. To enrich their knowledge of English.

C. To experience a warmer family atmosphere.

D. To enjoy much more freedom.

Researchers have discovered that “night milk” contains more melatonin(褪黑激素), which has been proven to help people feel sleepy and reduce anxiety（焦虑）.The study, by researchers from Seoul, South Korea, involved mice being fed with dried milk powder（奶粉） made from cows milked both during the day and at night. Those given night milk, which contained 10 times the amount of melatonin, were less active and less anxious than those fed with the milk collected during daytime, according to the study published in The Journal of Medicinal Food.

Night milk quickened the start of sleep and caused the mice to sleep longer.

While the effect of cow milk harvested at different time has not been tested on humans up to now, taking melatonin drugs has been suggested to those who have trouble falling asleep at night.

Previous （以前的）studies have also showed that milk can be excellent for helping sleep because of the calcium content, which helps people to relax.

【1】According to the text, the mice fed with daytime milk_______.

A. started sleep more easily B. were more anxious

C. were less active D. woke up later

【2】Which of the following is true of melatonin according to the text?

A. It’s been tested on mice for ten years

B. It can make people more energetic

C. It exists in milk in great amount

D. It’s used in sleeping drugs

【3】What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. Night Milk and Sleep B. Fat Sugar and Health

C. An Experiment on Mice D. Milk Drinking and Health

【4】How does the author support the theme of the text?

A. By giving examples.

B. By stating arguments.

C. By explaining statistical data.

D. By providing research results.

【1】If a person has a routine job, he may find a great pleasure in a handicraft hobby.

【2】Anyone, rich or poor, old or young, sick or good can follow a satisfying hobby.

【3】They live in a society which education is very important.

【4】On a typical night she gets home at midnight and falls asleep, completely exhausting.

【5】Students at Changchun Foreign Languages School are learning to think independently when success comes his way.

【6】Where a person lives may influence the kind of hobby he takes.

【7】Hobbies make some differences to patients' health.

【8】I found the speech hard to follow because it has started when I arrived.

【9】They are reaching for excellence, not just in classroom achievements and in the development of character.

【10】He decided to devote the rest of his life to teach.

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧）并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改 10 处，多者（从第 11 处起）不计分。

Last month, I rode bus to my office ten miles away. I carried only a few cash to last each week. One night, as I walk to the usual bus stop, I met a beggar whom had no legs. I stopped and opened my wallet, but I was discovered that I had no money at all. I apologized to him immediate. I became worried so I had no way to get home. At my surprise, the beggar pulled out many coin from his broken bowl. Embarrassed, I took enough for his bus fare, and he said, “Good luck!”