【题目】Researchers are finding new ways to save snakebite victims.Experts discussed the latest findings during a recent conference.

Scientists in Australia have shown that a chemical called nitric oxide could increase the chances of surviving a poisonous snakebite.The scientists injected rats with a deadly amount of snake venom.Then they rubbed an ointment(软膏)containing nitric oxide on the skin around the injection site.The study found that the rats lived about one-third longer than if nitric oxide had not been used.But the treatment had to be started very quickly.

Dirk van Helden led the research.He says the nitric oxide ointment also showed promise in humans.The study appeared earlier this year in the journal Nature Medicine.Scientists say the findings could help save many lives.A recent study found that poisonous snakes cause as many as ninety-four thousand deaths worldwide each year.But Ulrich Kuch of the Biodiversity and Climate Research Center in Frankfurt,Germany,says that number appears to be low.

Mr Kuch says many deaths could beprohibitedif snakebite victims are treated correctly,but they often go to traditional healers or do not seek any help at all.He said,“Sometimes it’s because there is no treatment available—no antivenom(抗蛇毒血清),which is the specific(特殊的)drug to treat snakebites—or health care staff do not know how to treat snakebites,and sometimes its because transportation to get to a health facility is not available or too expensive.

Here is no single antivenom that can be used to treat all snakebites.The antivenom must be specific to the kind of snake that bit the person.In some countries the treatment is costly,while in others there is no such treatment.

1What is this passage mainly about?( )

A. Snakebite deaths around the world.

B. Progress in fighting snakebite deaths.

C. Snakebite treatment around the world.

D. The chances of surviving a poisonous snakebite.

2After being rubbed an ointment containing nitric oxide,the rats .

A. suffered no pain B. died immediately

C. lived a little longer D. started feeling uncomfortable

3What does Paragraph 3 suggest?( )

A. The number of deaths caused by snakebites is becoming lower each year.

B. The nitric oxide ointment has saved thousands of people’s lives.

C. It is very important to find an effective way to treat snakebites.

D. The number of deaths caused by snakebites worldwide is low.

4What does the underlined word “prohibited” in Paragraph 4 mean?( )

A. caused. B. considered.

C. examined. D. prevented.

5What is implied in the last paragraph?( )

A. Antivenom can be made very easily.

B. It’s very important to use the correct antivenom to treat snakebite victims.

C. Antivenom is extremely expensive all over the world.

D. A person bitten by a snake will survive as long as there is antivenom.

【题目】Leadership is the most significant word in todays competitive business environment because it directs the manager of a business to focus inward on their personal abilities and styleExperts on leadership will quickly point out that“how things get done”influences the success of the outcomes and indicates a right way and a wrong way to do thingsWhen a noted leader on the art of managementPeter Drucker,coined the phrase“Management is doing things rightleadership is doing the right things”he was seeking to clarify the distinctions he associates with the terms

When Stephen Covey,founder and director of the Leadership Instituteexplored leadership styles in the past decadehe focused on the habits of a great number of higllly effective individualsHis Seven Habits of Highly Effective People became a popular bestseller very quickly. His ideas forced a reexamination of the early leadership examplewhich centered on the feature that was found in the character ethic(道德)and the personality ethicThe former ethic suggested success was founded on modesty,loyalty,couragepatienceand so on. The personality ethic suggested it was one’s attitudenot behavior,that inspired success, and this ethic was founded on a belief of positive mental attitudeIn contrast to each of these ideasCovey advocates that leaders need to understand universal principles of effectivenessand he highlights how vital it is for leaders to first personally manage themselves if they are to enjoy any hope of outstanding success in their work environmentsTo achieve a desired____for your businessit is essential that you have a personal vision of where you are headed and what you valueBusiness leadership means that managers need to“put first things first,” which implies that before leading othersyou need to be clear on your own valuesabilitiesand strengths and be seen as trustworthy

1What does Peter Drucker’s phrase infer?

A. Leaders should be good at making right decisions

B. Leaders should be good at doing things right

C. Leaders should be good at ignoring distinctions

D. Leaders should be skilled in predicting future

2Under what condition are people likely to succeedin terms of what the personality ethic suggests?

A. When people have little determinationthey will be successful

B. When people have good behaviourthey will gain success

C. If people have positive mental attitude, they are likely to succeed

D. If people have negative mental attitudethey are certain to succeed

3How Can leaders enjoy outstanding success in their work environmentsaccording to Stephen Covey?

A. Firstly they have to think highly of themselves

B. They are supposed to benefit themselves

C. They can not adjust themselves

D. First they must manage themselves

4What is the meaning ofthe underlined word “vision”?

A. Bright futureB. Good beginning

C. Good sceneryD. Pretty background

5To be good leaderswhat must managers Pay close attention to?

A. Universal principles of effectiveness

B. Valuesabilities and strengths

C. Good qualities such as modesty

D. Courage as well as patience

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