3．London has become a cycle-friendly zone after the launch of a new bike hire scheme．It has been des——青夏教育精英家教网—

3．London has become a cycle-friendly zone after the launch of a new bike hire scheme．It has been designed to encourage more people to cycle in and around central London．
So how does it work？First you have to sign up for the scheme to be sent a key．The key will unlock one of the bikes，which are kept at docking stations in and around central London．You have to pay an access fee for the key and then you pay as go for the length of time you use the bike．
Transport for London，which runs the scheme，is hoping to have 6，000bikes and 400docking station in place by the end of the year．The new hire system is hoping to ease congestion（拥挤）in London and is expected to create up to 40，000extra cycle trips a day into the city centre．London Mayor Boris Johnston launched the scheme and said London had been"filled with thousands of gleaming machines that will transform the look and feel of our streets and become as commonplace on our roads as black cabs and red buses"．
However，there have been a few problems since the scheme was launched last Friday．On the first day some people found they couldn't dock their bikes properly and that their usage of the bikes had not been registered．Transport for London did admit they had been expecting a few"teething problems"and said they wouldn't charge for the first day as a"gesture of goodwill"．Some other people have criticized the lack of docking stations and locks for the bikes as well as the price it costs to hire the bicycles．
Despite the comments，the green-thinking London Mayor still seems very positive about things，saying，"My campaign for the capital to become the greatest big cycling city in the world has taken a big pedal-powered push forwards．"
28．London Mayor Boris Johnston launched the new bike hire scheme in order toB．
A．reduce the air pollution of the city
B．deal with the city's traffic problems
C．increase employment opportunities
D．encourage the citizens to take exercise
29．If you want to hire a bike，in which order will you do？A
a．pay for the key to a bike
b．sign up as a member to get a key
c．cycle in and around central London
d．pay according to the time you use the bike
A．b-a-c-d
B．b-d-c-a
C．d-c-b-a
D．d-b-c-a
30．All the following are the problems of the scheme EXCEPTD．
A．the high cost to hire a bike
B．docking the bikes properly
C．not registering their usage of the bikes
D．not charging for the first day of the scheme
31．From the passage，we can infer thatC．
A．the cycling revolution is not successful
B．all the citizens in London support the scheme
C．the London Mayor is confident of the scheme
D．the scheme will be cancelled because of the problems．

2．Music for Humans and Humpback Whales
As researchers conclude in Science，the love of music is not only a universal feature of the human species，but is also deeply fixed in complex structures of the human brain，and is far more ancient than previously suspected．
In the articles that discuss the field of bio-musicology，the study of the biological basis for the creation and appreciation of music，researchers present various evidence to，show that music-making is at once an original human"business"，and an art form with skillful performers throughout the animal kingdom．
The new reports stress that humans hold no copyright on sound wisdom，and that a number of nonhuman animals produce what can rightly be called music，rather than random sound．Recent in-depth analyses of the songs sung by humpback whales show that，even when their organ would allow them to do otherwise，the animals converge on the same choices relating to sounds and beauty，and accept the same laws of song composition as those preferred by human musicians，and human ears，everywhere．
For example，male humpback whales，who spend six months of each year doing little else but singing，use rhythms （节奏） similar to those found in human music and musical phrases of similar length-a few seconds．Whales are able to make sounds over a range of at least seven octaves （八度音阶），yet they tend to move on through a song in beautiful musical intervals，rather than moving forwards madly．They mix the sounds like drums and pure tones in a ratio （比例） which agrees with that heard in much western music．They also use a favorite technique of human singers，the so-called A-B-A form，in which a theme is stated，then developed，and then returned to in slightly revised form．
Perhaps most impressive，humpback songs contain tunes that rhyme．"This suggests that whales use rhyme in the same way we do：as a technique in poem to help them remember complex material，"the researchers write．
24．The underlined words"converge on"in Paragraph 3probably  meansA．
A．tend towards
B．refer to
C．turn into
D．put forward
25．Which of the following shows the advanced musical ability in humpback whales？B
A．They can remember complex material．
B．They can create pleasing patterns of music．
C．They can make sounds like drums continuously．
D．They can sing along with rhythms of western music．
26．What is the main idea of the article？D
A．Animals are able to compose and enjoy music like humans．
B．Human beings borrow ideas in music from humpback whales．
C．Humpback whales are skillful performers in the animal kingdom．
D．Music-making it an ancient activity of both humans and animals．
27．The main purpose of the passage is toB．
A．argue and discuss
B．inform and explain
C．compare and advertise
D．examine and assess．

1．Ho Khanh is a middle-aged farmer，living in a village on the edge of Phong-Nha-Ke Bang National Park in Vietnam．What is special about him is that he has discovered Son Doong，the largest cave in the world．
"I first found the cave more than twenty years ago，in 1991，"he says．"I was out collecting firewood near the national park．My family were very poor，so I decided to go deeper into the forest to find some aloe （芦荟），which is very valuable．Not many people went that far into the forest because they were afraid of the wild animals．"
Soon Khanh lost his way．"I sat down with my back to a huge round rock，"he says．"Then I heard the sound of a strong wind and running water coming from behind me．"He found the entrance to a huge cave，with a wide river coming out of it．Khanh thought he was walking into a great cave．With no ropes or lights，he did not go further into it．
Khanh's story spread like wildfire，but not everyone believed him．"I wanted to prove that I was telling the truth，but I couldn't remember the way to the cave．"Then one morning early in the winter of 2006，a group of cavers from Britain came to ask Khanh for help，as they had heard about his discovery fifteen years before．
Khanh agreed to help the team to find the cave，but after three days in the jungle （丛林），they lost their way．"I just couldn't remember where it was，"he says．The team came back twice，but each time they were beaten by the thick jungle．Finally the cavers left．
In 2009，Khanh headed to the jungle one cold winter's morning．"I stopped by a big round rock，"he says．"There was the same strong wind，the sound of water running----I knew I'd found the cave at last．"Soon the British cavers returned and followed Khanh on a six-hour trip deep into the jungle．On April 14they found Son Doong．

4．How did Khanh discover Son Doong？A
A．By accident completely．
B．By following wild animals．
C．Through ropes and lights．
D．With the help of British cavers．
5．How long did it take Khanh to prove he discovered Son Doong？C
A．About three years．
B．About fifteen years．
C．About eighteen years．
D．About twenty years．
6．What did the British cavers think of Khanh's story？B
A．Doubtful． B．Reliable．
C．False． D．Ridiculous．
7．It can be inferred from the passage thatC．
A．there is little water in the Son Doong
B．there is a lot of aloe in Son Doong
C．there is a huge rock at the entrance to Son Doong
D．there is the largest national park near Son Doong．

18．How to Do Man-on-the-Street Interviews
The man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the sport．（31）D But with these tips，your first man-on-the-street interview experience can be easy．
●When your boss or professor sends you out to do man-on-the-street interviews for a story，think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it．For example，if your topic is about environmental problems in America，you might ask，"Why do you think environmental protection is important in America？"（32）G
●Hit the streets with confidence．（33）B Say，"Excuse me，I work for XYZ News，and I was wondering if you could share your opinion about this topic．"This is a quick way to get people to warm up to you．
●Move on to the next person if someone tells you she is not interested in talking on camera．Don't get discouraged．
●（34）AEach interview that you get on the street shouldn't be longer than ten minutes．As soon as you get the answer you need，move on to the next person．Make sure that as you go from interview to interview，you are getting a variety of answers．If everyone is giving you the same answer，you won't be able to use it．A safe number of interviews to conduct is about six to ten．（35）F
●If your news station or school requires interviewees to sign release forms to appear on the air，don't leave work without them．

A．Limit your time．
B．As you approach people，be polite．
C．If you don't own a camera，you can buy one．
D．For new reporters，this can seem like a challenging task．
E．To get good and useful results，ask them the same question．
F．That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need．
G．With a question like this，you will get more than a"Yes"or"No"reply．

17．FLORENCE，Italy-Svetlana Cojochru feels hurt．The Moldovan has lived here seven years as a caregiver to Italian kids and the elderly，but in order to stay she's had to prove her language skills by taking a test which requires her to write a postcard to an imaginary friend and answer a fictional job ad．
Italy is the latest Western European country trying to control a growing immigrant（移民） population by demanding language skills in exchange for work permits，or in some cases，citizenship．
Some immigrant advocates worry that as hard financial times make it more difficult for natives to keep jobs，such measures will become more a vehicle for intolerance than integration（融合）．Others say it's only natural that newcomers learn the language of their host nation，seeing it as a condition to ensure they can contribute to society．
Other European countries laid down a similar requirement for immigrants，and some terms are even tougher．The governments argue that this will help foreigners better join the society and promote understanding across cultures．
Italy，which has a much weaker tradition of immigration，has witnessed a sharp increase in immigration in recent years．In 1990，immigrants numbered some 1.14 million out of Italy's then 56.7 million people，or about 2 percent．At the start of this year，foreigners living in Italy amounted to 4.56 million of a total population of 60.6 million，or 7.5 percent，with immigrants'children accounting for an ever larger percentage of births in Italy．
Cojochru，the Moldovan caregiver，hoped obtaining permanent residence（居住权） would help her bring her two children to Italy； they live with her sister in Moldova，where salaries are among the lowest in Europe．She was skeptical that the language requirement would encourage integration．
Italians always"see me as a foreigner，"an outsider，even though she's stayed in the country for years and can speak the local language fluently，she said．

28．Why does Cojochru have to take a language test？A
A．To continue to stay in Italy．B．To teach her children Italian．
C．To find a better job in Italy．D．To better mix with the Italians．
29．Some people worry that the new language requirement mayB．
A．reduce Italy's population quickly B．cause conflicts among people
C．lead to financial difficulties D．put pressure on schools
30．What do we know about Cojochru？C
A．She lives with her sister now in Italy．
B．She enjoys learning the Italian language．
C．She speaks Italian well enough for her job．
D．She wishes to go back to her home country．

16．Getting less sleep has become a bad habit for most American kids．According to a new survey（调查） by the National Sleep Foundation，51% of kids aged 10 to 18 go to bed at 10 pm or later on school nights，even though they have to get up early．Last year the Foundation reported that nearly 60% of 7-to 12-year-olds said they felt tired during the day，and 15% said they had fallen asleep at school．
How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age．Babies need a lot of rest：most of them sleep about 18 hours a day!Adults need about eight hours．For most school-age children，ten hours is ideal（理想的）．But the new National Sleep Foundation survey found that 35% of 10-to 12-year-olds get only seven or eight hours．And guess what almost half of the surveyed kids said they do before bedtime？Watch TV．
"More children are going to bed with TVs on，and there are more opportunities（机会） to stay awake，with more homework，the Internet and the phone，"says Dr．Mary Carskadon，a sleep researcher at Brown University Medical School．She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them to calm down and sleep．Other experts say part of the problem is chemical．Changing levels of body chemicals called hormones not only make teenagers'bodies develop adult characteristics，but also make it hard for teenagers to fall asleep before 11 pm．
Because sleepiness is such a problem for teenagers，some school districts have decided to start high school classes later than they used to．Three years ago，schools in Edina，Minnesota，changed the start time from 7：25 am to 8：30 am．Students，parents and teachers are pleased with the results．

25．What is the new National Sleep Foundation survey on？A
A．American kids'sleeping habits．
B．Teenagers'sleep-related diseases．
C．Activities to prevent sleeplessness．
D．Learning problems and lack of sleep．
26．How many hours of sleep do 11-year-olds need every day？C
A.7 hours．B.8 hours．C.10 hours．D.18 hours．
27．Why do teenagers go to sleep late according to Carskadon？B
A．They are affected by certain body chemicals．
B．They tend to do things that excite them．
C．They follow their parents'examples．
D．They don't need to go to school early．

15．听第6段材料，回答第6、7题．
6．What is the woman looking for？
A．An information office．B．A police station．C．A shoe repair shop．
7．What is the Town Guide according to the man？
A．A brochure．B．A newspaper．C．A map．

14．What is the man going to do？
A．Go on the Internet．
B．Make a phone call．
C．Take a train trip．

13．What are the speakers talking about？
A．Going out．B．Ordering drinks．C．Preparing for a party．

12．What does the woman think of the movie？
A．It's amusing． B．It's exciting． C．It's disappointing．

试题分类