11．If you get your news from social media.you are faced with a daily number of hoaxes.rumors.and mis——青夏教育精英家教网—

11．If you get your news from social media，you are faced with a daily number of hoaxes（恶搞），rumors，and misleading news．When it's all mixed in with reliable information from honest sources，the truth can be very hard to judge．In face，my research team's analysis of data from Columbia University's Emergent rumor tracker suggests this false information is just as likely as to spread crazily as reliable information．
Our research shows that in view of the structure of our social networks and our limited attention，it is unavoidable that some popular unconfirmed information will spread quickly，regardless of their quality．Even if individuals tend to share information of higher quality，the networks as a whole is not effective at telling the difference between reliable and fake information．This helps explain all the hoaxes we observe in the wild．Besides，our attention is limited．If we pay attention to a certain topic，more information on the topic will be produced．It's cheaper to fake information and pass it off as fact than it is to report actual truth．
We can make our fight against false news more efficiently if we better understand how false information spreads．If，for example，robots are responsible for many pieces of the false news，we can focus attention on detecting them．
To that end，our lab is building a platform called Hoaxy to track and monitor the spread of unreliable information on social media．That will give us real-world data，with which we can inform our imitated social networks．Then we can test possible approaches to fight false news．Hoaxy may also be able to show people how easy it is their opinion to be misrepresent by online information and how likely some of us are to share false news online．Hoaxy will join a set of tools in our Observatory on Social Media，which allows anyone to see how false information spread on the Internet…
It is necessary that we spend resources on the study of this phenomenon．We need all hands on decks：Computer scientists，social scientists，economists，journalists and industry partners must work together to flight against the spread of false information．

32．What does the author say about the news from social media？B
A．It's missed and hard to tell its truth．
B．It's neither true nor worth believing．
C．It's all false and misleads us．
D．It's reliable and worth believing．
33．Some popular unconfirmed information will spread quickly because ofA．
A．its higher quality and spreading speed
B．its structure of social networks and our limited attention
C．its lower cost of fabrication and passing it of
D．the networks'not being able to tell the truth effectively．
34．Which of the following is NOT the functions of the platform called Hoaxy？B
A．tracking and monitoring the spread of unreliable news on social media．
B．testing possible approaches to flight false news．
C．helping people to see how true information spread on the internet．
D．showing people how easy it is their opinion controlled by online news．
35．What is the author's purpose in writing the text？D
A．To call on people to study and fight against false news together．
B．To let all people buy a platform called Hoaxy．
C．To warn people how seriously false news spread online．
D．To tell people how to prevent false news from spreading．

10．You may think that English speaking competitions are dominated by English majors，and that college students from other majors don't stand a chance of winning．But this year's China Daily"21^st Century Coca-Cola Cup"National English Speaking Competition provided strong evidence to the contrary．
The competition drew to an end on March 20 at Beijing Foreign Studies University，None of the top three contestants were English majors．The grand champion，Zhu Xue，is a medical student from Shanghai Jiao Tong University．And the runners-up named Cai Yao from Beijing Foreign Studies University and Li Zehan from the Chinese University of Hong Kong are both law students．Chen Mengzhu from New York University Shanghai won the fourth place and will be heading to London in May to compete in the International Public Speaking Competition on behalf of China．And guess what？Chen is not an English major either．She is a science student，majoring in interactive media art．
Their advantages may lie in the unique qualities and experiences that come with their majors．For example，Zhu managed to keep a cool head throughout the competition，a skill probably honed（磨炼）in her training as a medical student．She was even calm after she won the championship．
Qu Weiguo，a Fudan University professor and one of the competition's judges，believes it's no surprise that students like Zhu surged（蜂拥而来）ahead．"English majors may be superior at their language skills，but they may lack the knowledge from other fields to support their speech and enrich their arguments．"he said．
Throughout the past 20 years，contestants at the competition have transitioned（变迁）from focusing solely on language skills to placing more emphasis on the content of the speeches．

25．What does the underline word"dominated"in paragraph 1refer to？A
A．permitted
B．controlled
C．hosted
D．taught
26．Who won the first place in the latest National English Speaking Competition？C
A．Chen Mengzhu from New York University Shanghai．
B．Cai Yao from Beijing Foreign Studies University．
C．Zhu Xue from Shanghai Jiao Tong University．
D．Li Zehan from the Chinese University of Hong Kong．
27．According to the author's opinion，what should English major competitors pay more attention to in the future？B
A．The content of the speeches
B．A good command of English language
C．Skills of making a speech
D．A cool head
28．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage？A
CP：Central Point P：Point Sp：Subpoint（次要点）C：Conclusion

9．Opera is an art form that celebrates the human voice．No other art form creates excitement and moves the heart in the way that opera does，especially when performed by a great singer．Opera is an important part of the Western classical music tradition．It uses music，words，and actions to bring a dramatic story to life．Opera started in Italy at the end of the 16th century and later became popular throughout Europe．Over the years，it has responded to various musicals，In recent decades，much wider audiences have been introduced to opera through modern recording technology．Some singers have become celebrities thanks to performing on radio，on TV，and in the cinema．
However，in recent years，opera has been facing serious challenges．One current challenge to opera is economic．The shortage of money raises the broader question of how much should be paid to support opera singers and other artists．Society seems to accept the large salaries paid to business managers and the multi-million-dollar contracts given to sports athletes．But what about opera singers？Somehow，people have the idea that artists can be creative only if they suffer in poverty，but this is unrealistic．If artists，including opera singers，lack the support they need，valuable talent is wasted．
Not only the shortage of money，but also the way money is managed in the opera world has led to hardships．Principal singers are generally paid performance fees once they complete a show．They typically receive nothing during the many weeks of rehearsal （排练） before a show starts．
Another problem faced by opera is how to meet the demands of audiences who are influenced by popular entertainment．Pop singers are often judged as much on the basis of how they look as how they sound．These demands may be unrealistic and possibly harmful．Opera singers simply cannot make a sound big enough to fill a large theater or concert hall without a microphone if their body weight is too low．Emphasizing physical appearance over singing ability may cause audiences to miss out on the human voice at its best．
There are no easy solutions to opera's problems and there are many different opinions about the value of opera．However，every year many young people register for music courses with hopes and dreams of developing their talents in this special art form．The fact that opera has survived many obstacles and continues to attract the rising generation shows that it remains a respected art form full of value．

32．Which of the statements is TRUE according to the passage？D
A．Opera singers'life stories are dramatic．
B．Opera will soon appear on TV and in films
C．Opera fans thank celebrities for performing
D．Opera develops by adapting to new conditions．
33．What can we know from Paragraphs 2 and 3？A
A．Opera singers are financially insecure．
B．Opera singers waste their valuable talent．
C．Opera singers get paid before the show．
D．Opera singers perform better if they are poor．
34．What does the author try to say in Paragraph 4？D
A．Popular culture has had a positive influence on opera
B．Audiences know best how opera should be performed
C．Microphones should be used to make opera more enjoyable
D．Opera singers'voices should be valued more than their looks．
35．What would be the best title for this passage？B
A．The Economic Challenge to Opera
B．Opera Faced with the Difficulties
C．Opera as Part of Popular Culture
D．The Historical Context of Opera．

8．"Stop all the rushing and screaming：too much excitement is bad for families．Kids are missing out on an essential life-relaxed down time，"says Dr．Charlotte Reznick．
"Parents work，and kids do scheduled activities-there's little family time without pressure，"says Reznick．"One parent is taking the son to a soccer game，and the other parent is taking the daughter to her swim meet．Then there's art class，baseball practice，extra tutoring，and more!By the time the family meet up for dinner，everyone is exhausted．"
All the rushing makes for a short temper．"When parents are reduced to shouting at their children to get them to listen，they lower their own self-esteem as well as losing the respect of their children，"says Dr．Carl Pickhardt"While parents think it shows they're serious about what they're saying，they are really just showing helpless desperation at not getting their way．"
These days what kids are learning at school and from the outside is a lot greater than it used to be even just a generation ago．
"The problem is that stress-relieving activities-reading，taking walks or hot baths，watching the sunset and other activities are not even part of most kids'experience any more，"says Reznick．
"There are so many more social-interaction opportunities in our computer age，but not all of them promote meaningful connections，which is another potential outlet for stress，"she says．
One way to relieve stress is a simple technique called"the balloon breath"．It's a great way for everyone to become calm so that they can respond thoughtfully rather than just react．
Here's how to do it．Imagine a deflated（来充气的） balloon in your stomach-about two to three inches below your navel（肚脐）．Slowly breathe in to a count of l…2…3…and feel the lower belly expand，and flatten as you slowly breathe out to a count of l…2…3…

28．What can we infer from the second paragraph？A
A．Kids can hardly enjoy family time due to heavy burdens．
B．Saturday is the only leisurely day of the week for kids．
C．The life of kids is becoming rich due to extra classes．
D．Parents have no time on weekends to care for their kids．
29．What does Dr．Carl Pickhardt think of parents when they yell？D
A．They have no self-confidence．
B．They take what they say seriously．
C．They are always behaving like children．
D．They are less respected and seem desperate．
30．What is the function of"the balloon breath"according to the seventh paragraph？A
A．To make one cool down．
B．To test one's patience．
C．To raise one's awareness．
D．To fill a balloon with air．
31．What is the purpose of the author writing this passage？B
A．To tell educators to be patient．
B．To advise parents not to make life too stressful for kids．
C．To encourage kids to pursue creativity．
D．To show that kids need patience and love from their parents．

7．Some scientists will say it is impossible to read minds．They will also tell you that you can make educated guesses on what a person might be thinking or feeling．Perhaps there really is nothing mysterious about the power to read minds．Perhaps it is simply human sense based on observation and educated guesses after all，but that's really a useful ability to learn．
Learn body language．How a person moves and holds their hands，and even what their eyes are doing are actually telling about what is going on inside their head．For example，pupils（瞳孔） tend to grow larger when you are interested in or excited about something．If you are talking to someone and making eye contact，finding their pupils are large and round，chances are that they are not feigning interest in the conversation．Someone biting their nails is probably nervous．Someone who folds their arms across their chest when they are not cold is probably trying to put a barrier between you and themselves．
Learn to mentally put yourself in another's place．Scientists have recently discovered that your brain has neurons（神经元） that become active when you watch someone do something the same as we did the action ourselves．So when you are able to open yourself to understanding how other people are feeling，you can figure out reasons and predict future actions，reactions，even thoughts．
Sometimes you can use Extra Sensory Perception（ESP）（超感觉力） to read someone's mind．This does not mean you will literally be able to read their mind like a book．Instead，you will receive impressions or feelings，which are difficult to explain．
To improve your ESP abilities，take up meditation（冥想）．Because meditation helps enable you to purposely put your brain in a state of relaxed awareness，where you will be more successful in reading people and receiving impressions．
Practice and combine all of these steps．You will soon find yourself able to read people's minds．

24．What is the passage mainly about？A
A．The ways of reading people's minds．
B．The steps of learning body language．
C．The necessity of learning to read people's minds．
D．The relationship between mind and body language．
25．What does the underline word"feigning"mean？B
A．Expressing．
B．Pretending．
C．Finding．
D．Declaring．
26．Why can you read someone's mind when you mentally put yourself in his/her place？D
A．You suddenly have the ability to understand his or her feeling．
B．Your imagination ability and your past experience are combined．
C．Some neurons m your brain improve your observation ability．
D．Your past similar experiences make some neurons in your brain active．
27．How does meditation help with mind reading？C
A．By making educated guesses on minds．
B．By learning to make eye contact．
C．By changing ESP abilities for the better．
D．By strengthening impressions received．

6．Carrying （carry） more than a light load on your bicycle makes it more difficult to control．

5．With too many problemsto solve （solve），the head of the company also has no time to answer the phone．

4．Nowadays，many people find some socialphenomena（现象）are difficult to understand．

3．Good news for people who always fail to see the silver lining on clouds．A report in New Scientist，suggests that a tendency to get down when life knocks you down can be good for you．A growing number of warning voices from the world of mental-health research are claiming that it isn't a good idea to use antidepressant（抗抑郁剂）to help do away with unhappiness caused by marriage breakdown，death or redundancy（下岗）because"they fear that the increasing tendency to treat normal sadness as if it were a disease is playing fast and loose with an important part of our biology．Sadness serves an evolutionary（进化的）purpose．"
Jerome Wakefield，a clinical social worker at New York University explains that depressive feelings are part of our biological makeup．"When you find something deep in us biologically，you should believe that it was selected because it could bring us some advantage，otherwise we wouldn't have been burdened with it．I think that one of the functions of strong negative emotions is to stop our normal functioning，to make us focus on something else for a while．"While Paul Keedwell，a psychiatrist at Cardiff University claims that ever full-blown depression may have its purpose，saying the sufferer from the effects of long-term stress．"Without a mental pause，"he argues，"you might stay in a state of chronic（慢性的）stress until you're exhausted or dead．"
Although it is important to be careful when talking about depression，having the upside traced in your downside will have an irresistible（不可抵抗的）appeal to all those who take the phrase"cheer up，love，it might never happen"as a personal insult（侮辱）．It will be manna especially for creative types，who have long doubted that crying a lot is a sign of their inward genius（天赋）．In the tests at Harvard，New Scientist reports，people with signs of depression performed better at creative task，especially after receiving feedback that was designed to reinforce their low spirits．Although it is old-fashioned to claim that creativity is connected to gloomy moods and a grey outlook on life，all the best works are written by some grim-faced（面孔铁青的）people with a heart full of anxiety．
Richard Yates has written seven novels and two collections of short stories，each more hopelessly miserable（悲催的）than the last．After years of writing about his toothless，drunken mother，his experiences in the second world war and divorces，Yates finally rounds things off in Disturbing the Peace by fictionalizing how a cocktail of alcoholism and psychotropic drugs had him take off his clothes and wander the streets of LA，giving all his money to beggars．it is miserable-but so readable．
So，although the grand majority will never write anything as good as Yates，there is something to be gained from looking on the dark side．In a work environment，for example，discontented people tend to have greater success than those of a sunny nature．It's enough to make a pessimist dissolve into a Cheshire Cat grin（咧嘴笑）．

66．Mental-health researchers regard sadness asC．
A．a contributing factor to success
B．a ray of hope to people in difficulties
C．a biological part of human beings
D．a normal disease of the depressed
67．What can we learn from the passage？D
A．The number of people using antidepressants is on the rise．
B．Writers are at high risk of suffering from depression．
C．Discontented workers may be more popular than the sunny ones．
D．Jerome Wakefield and Paul Keedwell have similar views about depression．
68．What does the underlined word"manna"in Paragraph 3 mean？A
A．Gift．B．Pain．C．Reward．D．Challenge
69．The story of Richard Yates is used to show that depressive men tend to beB．
A．unfortunate B．creative C．serious D．brave
70．Which would be the best title of the passage？C
A．How to treat depression
B．Depressed people are creative
C．Depressive feelings are helpful
D．Why people feel depressed．

2．Remember that there is still one point ____ we must make clear at the conference tomorrow．（　　）

试题分类