18．A new report says sea ice in the Arctic Ocean is melting more quickly than expected．American scie——青夏教育精英家教网——

18．A new report says sea ice in the Arctic Ocean is melting more quickly than expected．American scientists say the ice is melting even faster than computer programs had estimated．
Scientists know that climate change has a major effect on the Arctic Ocean partly because sea ice is disappearing．They also know that areas of open seawater are expanding．Such areas are known to take in sunlight and increase temperatures．Scientists say this has helped to cause the loss of the Arctic's ice cover．
For the study，the American scientists compared eighteen computer programs with observations made by satellites and other instruments．The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change used the computer programs to prepare its 2007estimates of climate change．
The computer programs gave estimates of the amount of ice in the Arctic Ocean in the month of September．September is when the Arctic has the least ice，after the warm，summer months．The computer estimates suggested an ice loss of two and a half percent for every ten-year period between 1953and 2006．
Newer studies of the Arctic have used information gathered by aircraft，satellites and ships．This information showed a loss of September ice cover of almost eight percent for every ten-year period between 1953and last year．This means the ice is disappearing about thirty years faster than the computer programs estimated．
The scientists say the programs might not have recognized the full effect of increased carbon dioxide and other gases in Earth's atmosphere．They say their study suggests the gases may have more of an effect than had been thought．

66．It is reported that sea ice in the Arctic Ocean is melting more quickly than expected mainly becauseB．
A．sea ice's disappearance               B．climate change
C．seawater's expansion                   D．the loss of the Arctic's ice cover
67．How did the scientists draw the conclusion that sea ice in the Arctic Ocean is melting more quickly than expected？A
A．The scientists have compared the computer programs with observation made by satellites and other instruments．
B．The scientists have found that the seawater take in sunlight and increase temperatures
C．The scientists have figured out many numbers with the help of computer．
D．The scientists have been observing the Arctic Ocean for many years．
68．If the ice melts at the present speed，by the end of this century the ice loss in the Arctic Ocean will beD according to newer studies．
A．22.5%          B．35%       C．72%        D．100%
69．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage？C
A．The figures of the computer estimates are wrong．
B．Scientists study climate change through studying sea level．
C．Newer studies show gases may have more effect on sea ice in the Arctic Ocean．
D．The ice is melting even faster than satellites have estimated．
70．This report mainly warns human toC．
A．prevent the sea ice in the Arctic Ocean from melting any more
B．pay more attention to the loss of the Arctic's ice cover
C．take necessary steps to protect the environment of our earth
D．stop summer sea ice in the Arctic from disappearing so fast．

17．Tom Brennan was working in a Philadelphia office building when he noticed a black bag．The bag contained a book．
This chance discovery ended a 12-day search by the Library Company of Philadelphia for a historical treasure-a 120-page diary kept 190years ago by Deborah Logan，"a woman who knew everybody in her day，"James Green，the librarian told the magazine American Libraries．
Most of the diary is a record of big events in Philadelphia．It also includes a description of British soldiers burning Washington D．C．in the war of 1812．She describes President James Madison on horseback as"perfectly shaking with fear"during the troubled days．George Washington，she writes，mistook her for the wife of a French man and praised her excellent English．
The adventure of the lost book began on September 4when Cory Luxmoore arrived from England to deliver the diary of his ancestor（祖先）to the Library Company，which he and his wife considered to be the best home for the diary．
Green told American Libraries he had the diary in his possession"about five minutes"when Luxmoore took it back because he had promised to show it to one other person．On returning to his hotel after showing the precious book to Green，Luxmoore was shocked to realize that he had left it in the taxi．
Without any delay，Green began calling every taxi company in the city，with no luck，"I've felt sick since then，"Luxmoore told reporters．According to Green，no one has yet learned how the diary came to the office building．
Tom Brennan received a reward（奖励）of 1，000，Philadelphia gained another treasure for its history，and Luxmoore told reporters，"It's wonderful news．I'm on high"．

61．This article mainly tells about the story ofA．
A．a lost diary 　                B．Deborah Logan
C．Cory Luxmoore 　            D．the Library Company
62．From the text，we learn that the diary is now owned byC．
A．Tom Brennan                     B．an unknown person
C．the Library Company of Philadelphia     D．a Philadelphia magazine
=63．Philadelphia is thought to be the best home for the diary becauseB．
．it was written in Philadelphia
B．it tells stories about Philadelphia
C．people in the city are interested in old things
D．the British and the Americans once fought in Philadelphia
64．Which of the following shows the right order of what happened to the diary？B
a：Tom Brennan found the book in an office building．
b：The book was shown to James Green．
c：Cory Luxmoore arrived from England．
d：The book was left behind in a taxi．
A．a．b．c．d           B．c．b．d．a 　　　 C．a．c．d．b 　　　 D．c．a．b．d
65．What did Cory Luxmoore mean when he said"I'm on high"？D
A．I'm rich           B．I'm famous        C．I'm lucky．D．I'm excited．

16．We all joined the game______ Bill because he was hurt and had to stay in bed．（　　）

15．He asked us to him ______ carrying through their plan．（　　）

14．The government of Norway is planning to build an unusual storage center on an island in the Arctic Ocean．The place would be large enough to hold about two million seeds．The goal is to present all crops known to scientists．The British magazine New Scientist published details of the plan last month．The structure will be designed to protect the world's food supply against nuclear war，climate change and other possible threats．It will be built in a mountain on the Norwegian island of Spitsbergen．The mountain is less than one thousand kilometers from the North Pole，the northernmost position on earth．
An international group called the Global Crop Diversity Trust is working on the project．The director of the group，Cary Fowler，spoke to New Scientist．He said the project would let the world rebuild agriculture if，in his word，"the worst came to the worst"．Norway is expected to start work next year．The project is expected to cost three million dollars．Workers will drill deep in the side of a sandstone mountain．Temperatures in the area never rise above 0°C．The seeds will be protected behind walls a meter thick and high-security door．
The magazine report says the collection will represent the products of ten thousand years of farming．Most of the seeds at first will come from collections at seed banks in Africa，Asia and Latin America．To last a long time，seeds need to be kept in very low temperatures．Workers will not be present all the time．But they plan to replace the air inside the storage space each winter．Winter temperatures on the island are about eighteen degrees below 0°C．The cold weather would protect the seeds even if the air could not be replaced．
Mr．Fowler says the proposed structure will be the world's most reliable gene bank．He says the plant seeds would only be used when all other seeds are gone for some reason．Norway first proposed the idea in the 1980s．But security concerns delayed the plan．At that time，the Soviet Union was meeting in Rome of the Food and Agriculture Organization．

67．The project is meant toC．
A．increase the world's food output in the future
B．carry out some scientific experiments on plant genes
C．protect crop seeds from dying out in case of possible disasters
D．build an exhibition centre of the world's plant seeds
68．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the above passage？D
A．The government of Norway will perform the project alone．
B．Seeds to be collected there were produced ten thousands years ago．
C．Spitsbergen is chosen because it is free of the threat unclear war forever．
D．Temperature is a major consideration when choosing the storage place．
69．We can infer from the text thatC．
A．People will get newly-developed seeds from the center every year．
B．The storage center will greatly promote world agriculture
C．Norway had meant to build the storage centre about 30years before．
D．There haven't been any seed storage centers in the world before．
70．What is probably the best title of the passage？B
A．The Best Place to Store SeedsB．Noah's Ark（诺亚方舟）of Plant Seeds in Plan
C．Concerns of World Food SupplyD．A New Way to Feed the Worl．

13．A study of English learning problems was carried out among a total of 106foreign students．It shows that most students considered understanding spoken English to be their biggest problem on arrival．This was followed by speaking．Writing increased as a problem as students discovered difficulties in writing papers that they were now expected to hand in．Reading remained as a big problem．
Information gained helped us in determining where special attention should be paid in our course．Although many students have chosen to join the course with a reasonable motivation，we considered it important to note what seemed to encourage interest．Nearly all the students have experienced some kind of grammar-based English teaching in their own country．To use the same method would be self-defeating because it might reduce motivation，especially if it has failed in the past．Therefore a different method may help because it is different．
Variety of activity was also seen as a way of maintaining or increasing motivation．Several years ago we had one timetable that operated throughout，but we soon found that both the students and the teachers lost interest about halfway through the ten weeks．This led us to a major re-think，so in the end we brought it into line with the expressed language needs of the students．

60．What does the passage want to tell us？C
A．Foreign students have more problems．
B．There are many ways to improve English．
C．Teaching should meet students'needs．
D．English learning problems should be studied again．
61．Writing became a bigger problem when foreign studentsA．
A．had to write their papers
B．became better at speaking
C．became less interested in reading
D．had fewer problems with listening
62．We may infer from the last two paragraphs thatA．
A．different teaching methods should be used
B．grammar-based teaching seems to be encouraging
C．English courses are necessary for foreign students
D．teaching content should be changed halfway．

12．Black Box
You never see them，but they're with you every time you fly．They record where you're going，how fast you're traveling and whether everything on your airplane is functioning normally．Their ability to resist almost any disaster makes them seem like something out of a comic （漫画） book．They're known as the black box．
When planes fall from the sky，as a Yemeni airliner did on its way to the Comoros Islands in the Indian Ocean on June 30，2009，the black box is the best method for identifying what went wrong．So when a French submarine（潜水艇） discovered its homing signal five days later，it marked a huge step toward determining the cause of the disaster in which 152passengers were killed．
In 1958．Australian scientist David Warren developed a flight-memory recorder that would track basic information like altitude and direction．That was the first model for a black box，which became a requirement on all US commercial flights by 1960．Early models often failed to resist crashes，however，so in 1965it was completely redesigned．That same year，the Federal Aviation Authority required that the boxes，which were never actually black，be painted orange or yellow to be easier to see．
Modem airplanes have two black boxes：a voice recorder，which tracks pilots'conversations，and a flight-data recorder，which monitors fuel levels，engine noises and other operating functions that help experts reconstruct the aircraft's final moments．The boxes can resist powerful force and temperatures up t0 2，OOOoF．They're also able to send out signals from depths of 20，000ft．Experts believe the boxes from Air France Flight 447，which crashed near Brazil on June 1，2009，are in water nearly that deep，but statistics say they're still likely to turn up．In the approximately 20deep-sea crashes over the past 30years，only one plane's black boxes were never recovered．

67．What can we leam about the black box from the passage？C
A．It helps an airplane function normally．
B．Its ability to avoid disasters is amazing．
C．It is necessary equipment on an airplane．
D．The idea for its design comes from a comic book．
68．From the black box on the Yemeni airliner we can get information aboutB．
A．the scene of the crash and the damage
B．data for analyzing the cause of the crash
C．the total number of passengers on board
D．homing signals sent by the pilot before the crash
69．The Federal Aviation Authority required the black boxes be painted orange or yellow toA
A．make them easily identified
B．meet the international standards
C．caution people to handle them with care
D．distinguish them from the color of the plane
70．What do we know about the black boxes from Air France Flight 447？D
A．They have stopped sending homing signals．
B．They were destroyed somewhere near Brazil．
C．There is an urgent need for them to be restructured．
D．There is still a good chance of their being recovered．

11．According to IQ scores，you are smartest from 18t0 25，but you're wiser and more experienced _______ increasing age．（　　）

10．I'm going to spend the winter vacation in Shanghai，_______I have relatives．（　　）

9．________ you ought to do now is to see a doctor at once．（　　）

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