9．Beijing-Premier Wen Jiabao has urged the leadership of all countries to deepen their political wil——青夏教育精英家教网—

8．California is the most populous state in the United States，and the third largest by land area，after Alaska and Texas．California is located on the West Coast of the United States，bordered by Oregon to the north，Nevada to the northeast，Arizona to the southeast，the Mexican state of Baja California to the south，and the Pacific Ocean to the west．Its four largest cities are Los Angeles，San Diego，San Jose，and San Francisco．The state is home to the nation's second and sixth largest census statistical areas as well as eight of the nation's fifty most populous cities．California has a varied climate and geography，and a diverse population．
California's geography ranges from the Pacific coast to the Sierra Nevada mountain range in the east，to Mojave desert areas in the southeast and the Redwood-Douglas fir forests of the northwest．The center of the state is dominated by the Central Valley，one of the most productive agricultural areas in the world．California is the most geographically diverse state in the nation，and contains the highest （Mount Whitney） and lowest （Death Valley） points in the contiguous United States．Almost 40% of California is forested，a high amount for a relatively arid state．
Beginning in the late 18th century，the area known as Alta California was colonized by the Spanish Empire．In 1821，Mexico，including Alta California，became the First Mexican Empire，beginning as a monarchy，before shifting to a republic．In 1846a group of American settlers in Sonoma declared the independence of a California Republic．As a result of the Mexican-American War，Mexico ceded California to the United States．It became the 31st state admitted to the union on September 9，1850．
In the 19th century，the California Gold Rush brought about dramatic social，economic，and demographic change in California，with a large influx of people and an economic boom that caused San Francisco to grow from a hamlet of tents to a world-renowned boomtown．Key developments in the early 20th century included the emergence of Los Angeles as center of the American entertainment industry，and the growth of a large，state-wide tourism sector．In addition to California's prosperous agricultural industry，other important contributors to the economy include aerospace，petroleum，and information technology．If California were a country，it would rank among the ten largest economies in the world，with a GDP similar to that of Italy．It would be the 35th most populous country．

46．Which of the following is TRUE about California？A
A．The population in California is larger than that in any other state in the US．
B．A state of Mexico lies to the southeast of California．
C．Eight biggest cities in California are among the most developed ones in North America．
D．Few races of people live in California except the white and black people．
47．What is the second paragraph mainly about？D
A．California's culture B．California's history
C．California's location D．California's geography
48．How did the United States admit California as its 31st state？C
A．By occupying the land．
B．By colonizing the land．
C．By winning a war against Mexico．
D．By offering aids to Mexico．
49．Why did San Francisco grow from a hamlet of tents to a world-famous boomtown？C
A．Because it became the center of the American entertainment industry．
B．Because it had the best growth of a large，state-wide tourism．
C．Because a large number of people rushed there in search of gold．
D．Because it developed many such important contributors to economy as IT．
50．What if California were a country？B
A．It would be richer than Italy，a European country．
B．It would be one of the ten richest countries．
C．Its population would be larger than that of 34countries．
D．It would have a better economy than it has now．

7．Third-generation mobile phones，known as 3G，are the next big step for the electron industry．Data speed in 3G networks are much quicker than present technology．This means users can have high-speed Internet access and enjoy video and CD-quality music on their phones．
"Mobile data is not a dream； it's not an option but a requirement，"said Len Lauer，head of a US communications company，Sprint PCS，at a 3G conference in Bangkok earlier this month．
With 3G，you can forget about text messages telling you yesterday's news； a 3G phone can receive video news programs，updated four times a day．Internet access will also be much quicker，making it easier to surf the Web on your phone than on your computer at home．
Face-to-face video calls
And don't worry about getting lost.3G phones offer map services so you can find a new restaurant just by pressing a few keys on your handset．
However，the most impressive part of 3G technology is video calling．With live two-way video communication，you can have face-to-face talks with friends and family on your mobile phone．
Many European countries have already launched the service．In May 2000the US Government issued five license to run 3G wireless services，while the first 3G phones arrived in Italy in March this year．
International telecom companies can't wait to sell 3G in China，the world's largest mobile telecommunications market．But they will have to be patient．At the moment，China is busy testing its 3G-based technologies，networks and services．This will be followed by a trial period before the phones can finally hit the shops．
"We need to create a pool of 3G customers before the large-scale commercial launch of the service，"said Fan Yunjun，marketing manager for Beijing Mobile．"We expect that the 3G licenses will be issued late next year．"
64．With 3G，you can do the following EXCEPTC．
A．find your way easily
B．learn what's going on in th world
C．make your computer run faster
D．make face-to-face video telephone calls
65．According to the text，which function of the following makes 3G technology most extraordinary？B
A．It can provide video news programs，updated four times a day．
B．Users can have face-to-talks with friends and family on their mobile phones．
C．Users can enjoy video and CD-quality music on their phones．
D．It'll be easier for users to surf the Web on their phone than on their computers at home．
66．Which of the following is true according to the passage？D
A．3G mobile phones were first used in America．
B．Foreign telecom companies won't enter China．
C．3G technology is now at the commercial stage in China．
D．Users in China won't probably use 3G mobile phones until late next year．
67．What does Len Lauer want to inform the readers？A
A．Realizing the dream of mobile data based on the application of 3G is a must．
B．There is no need to send messages since 3G，can receive video news programs．
C．3G is supposed to own all the functions that a computer has．
D．It is a choice to carry mobile data with 3G phones．

6．The name of Macau comes from the word Magao （A-Ma Temple），which were shrines （圣地） dedicated to Mazu，a holy sea goddess worshiped by Macau people．It was said that when the Portuguese people first came here in the middle of sixteenth century，one of the officers asked a fisherman the name of the land．The man misunderstood the officer's question，and answered"Magao"-the name of A-Ma Temple in front them．
Many people wonder how Macau is spelled．Is it"Macao"or"Macau"？Both are actually correct．Macao is Portuguese，and this is the official spelling backed by Macau SAR Government．Macau is English，that's how they spell it in the U．S．and other parts of the world．However，most publications use"Macau"as the preferred spelling
Members of the Southern Song Dynasty and some 50，000followers were the first recorded inhabitants （居民） of the area，seeking shelter in Macau from invading Mongols in 1277．They were able to defend their settlements and establish themselves there．
The Hoklo Boat people were the first to show commercial interest in Macau as a trading center for the southern provinces．During the Ming Dynasty （1368-1643），fishermen migrated to Macau from various parts of Guangdong and Fujian provinces and built the A-Ma Temple in which they prayed for safety on the sea
Chinese fishermen have been living and working in the Pearl River Delta for more than four thousand years．The small peninsula and islands that came to be called Macau were first settled by the Portuguese in the sixteenth century
In 1998，Chinese （Cantonese） was given official status and the same legal power as Portuguese，the official language．The Chinese government assumed sovereignty over Macau on December 20，1999，ending 329years of Portuguese rule

68．We can learn from the text that the name"Macau"B
A．is named after a sea goddess
B．is first called by the Portuguese
C．is only used in publications
D．is given by a fisherman
69．Which is the correct order of the things that happened in Macau？A
a．Portuguese people first came to Macau
b．The fishermen of Guangdong and Fujian migrated to Macau
c．The first recorded inhabitants established themselves in Macau
d．the A-Ma Temple was built in Macau
A．c，b，d，a B．d，c，b，a
C．b，c，a，d D．a，c，b，d
70．Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage？D
A．Both Chinese and Portuguese are official languages in Macau
B．The A-Ma Temple was built in honour of a holy sea goddess
C．The inhabitants in Macau mainly made their living by fishing before the 16th century
D．Macau didn't belong to China until December 20，1999
71．Members of the Southern Song Dynasty went to Macau in order toC
A．show commercial interest in Macau
B．find a good place for fishing
C．get away from their enemies
D．establish Macau SAR there．

5．Erica David lives in Pinedale，Wyoming，USA，where winter can bring temperatures of below 35degrees Fahrenheit，howling winds，and a lot of snow．So it was just natural that she chose to study snow for her school science fair in the sixth grade．
Now a junior in high school，Erica is in her sixth year of snow experiments，and is well on her way to becoming a snow expert．She started with a basic question：Could snow fences be built to work better？
Snow fences are used to keep snowdrifts（雪堆）from covering areas like roads of train tracks，or to help build up snow where it can help with water shortages in spring when it melts（融化）．"Also，I wanted to protect my animals better from blowing snow，"says Erica，who raises goats，sheep，and pigs．
Before she could test fence designs，Erica had to figure out what would act like real snow in her experiments．"I tested flour，sugar，and salt before I settled on dishwasher powder，"she explains．
Science fairs offer students the chance to test theories，present findings to judges，and meet other researchers．Erica's many achievements include competing at the Discovery Channel Young Scientist Challenge for middle school students and the Intel International Science and Engineering Fair，where students from around the world present their science research．
But perhaps the best reward is that her research is already being put to good use．She has come up with an improved snow fence design，and this year she's helping think out how to provide water supply to native plants，which have been killed off by drilling at nearby natural gasfields．
"Science fairs are an amazing experience，"says Erica．"Just pick your true feeling and go for it．"

72．What does the passage suggest to us？C
A．Science fairs are held for high school students in America．
B．Erica is the youngest show expert well known in America．
C．The environment brought much convenience for Erica to study snow．
D．The hope to contribute to her hometown made Erica experiment on snow．
73．In Erica's hometown，snow fences may play a part inD．
a．reducing the harm blowing snow does to animals
b．supplying water resource to the nearby gas fields
c．making up for the lack of water resource．
d．keeping the traffic smooth
A．a，b，c           B．a，b，d
C．b，c，d            D．a，c，d
74．Science fairs are attractive to students because theyB．
A．can have their research put into practical use
B．can have their scientific ideas tested out
C．are allowed to help protect the local wildlife
D．can learn about the most advanced technology
75．Which of the following material can best replace snowing in Erica's experiment？D
A．Flour．        B．Sugar．
C．Salt．          D．Dishwasher powder．

4．Beijing：The highly anticipated Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway will begin operation next year，and is expected to cut travel time to four hours，railway officials said．
The high-speed railway between China's two most important metropolises was scheduled to open in 2012but will now open one year ahead of time，said Zheng Jian，chief planner with the Ministry of Railways．
Wang Zhiguo，vice-minister of railways，said that it would be a four-hour journey from Beijing to Shanghai，and only three hours from Beijing to Nanjing，capital of East China's Jiangsu province．
At present，it takes about 10hours to travel from Beijing to Shanghai and Nanjing by train．A new-generation bullet train that will travel up to 380kilometers per hour （kph） is now under development for the high-speed rail link．
It will be rigorously tested this year，and engineers want the train to run at a top speed of 420kph to guarantee a safe operational speed of 380kph，Huang Qiang，chief researcher with the China Academy of Railway Sciences told he Beijing News．
Vice-Minister Wang Zhiguo said it was expected that high-speed trains would one day take passengers from Beijing to most capital cities within eight hours，except for Haikou，Urumqi，Lhasa and Taipei．
It is expected that an 110，000-km railway network will be completed by 2012，including 13，000km of high-speed rail，he said．
China already has 6，552km of rail track in operation---the longest amount of high-speed rail track in the world．
At present，at least 10，000km of high-speed rail line is under construction in China．About 3，676km of new track for running trains at speeds up to 350kph have already been laid and put into operation．Another 2，876km of old tracks have been upgraded to run trains of 200to 250kph．
Ultimately，China plans to construct a 120，000-km railway network，including 50，000-km of high-speed rail track，by 2020．
The Ministry of Railways wants to export China's high-speed railway technology to North America，Europe and Latin America．
Wang said，"State-owned Chinese companies are already building high-speed lines in Turkey and Venezuela．Many countries，including the United States，Russia，Brazil and Saudi Arabia，have also expressed interest．"

56．When will the Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway come into use？C
A．In 2012．       B．In 2013．
C．In 2011．        D．In 2010
57．How much time will a passenger save by train from Beijing to Shanghai after the high-speed railway is open？B
A.4hours．       B.6hours．
C.10hours．      D.3hours．
58．Which of the following countries owns the longest railway in the world？A
A．China．        B．America．
C．Canada．      D．Russia．
59．Which city，in the opinion of vice-minister Wang Zhiguo，can passengers from Beijing reach  in high-speed trains within 8hours？D
A．Haikou．    B．Urumqi．
C．Lhasa．       D．Changsha．
60．What can we learn from the last two paragraphs？B
A．The Ministry of Railways wants to increase GDP by exporting railway technology．
B．China's railway technology is superior to that of many other countries．
C．Countries in North America have already imported the railway technology of China．
D．The United States also wants to build high-speed railways in Turkey and Venezuela．

3．UNICEF is appealing for more than one billion dollars in aid for women and children around the world．The United Nations Children's Fund has released its"Humanitarian Action Report"for two thousand ten． The report lists twenty-eight countries and territories with some of the world's most pressing crisis affecting women and children．
Haiti was considered to be in crisis long before the earthquake in January．The deputy executive director of UNICEF，Hilde Johnson，says the quake has only made the need for aid more immediate．But she says children all over the world have the right to the same assistance as children everywhere else．
The"Humanitarian Action Report"discusses several issues that UNICEF says increasingly threaten the basic rights of women and children．It says climate change has caused droughts and'food insecurity in many areas．High food prices and the global financial crisis of two thousand eight-two thousand nine have only added to poverty and malnutrition （营养不良）．And armed conflict continues to threaten the lives of millions．
Hilde Johnson says children are always the most affected by conflicts and disasters．They face an increased risk of abuse，including sexual violence and other serious rights violations （侵犯）．
UNICEF deals with about two hundred emergencies around the world every year．The greatest need last year was in sub-Saharan Africa．The report says drought，food insecurity and civil unrest affected about twenty-four million people．
Violence and displacements（驱逐）of people were especially bad in Sudan，Chad，the Democratic Republic of Congo and the Central African Republic．
In Asia，UNICEF expects its financial assistance needs to more than double this year．This is partly the result of adding Pakistan and the Philippines to the latest report．In Pakistan，it says，more than two million people have been forced from their homes by the conflict in the．Swat Valley and other areas of the northwest．And in the Philippines，more than two hundred thousand people are still living in shelters after severe storms last year．
This years UNICEF report talks about the value of public and private partnerships in helping children and families in emergencies．
And thats the VOA Special English Development Report，written by June Simms．For a link to the UNICEF report listing the twenty-eight countries and territories in crisis，go to www．unsv．com．I'm Steve Ember．

72．According to Hilde Johnson，the most easily affected persons suffering from conflicts and disasters areB．
A．women             B．children
C．the old           D．the disabled
73．From this passage we know that the most serious problems in Asia areB．
A．earthquakes and malnutrition
B．displacements and storms
C．sexual violence and other rights violations
D．droughts and food insecurity
74．By saying"…the quake  has only made the need for aid more immediate．"Hilde Johnson probably intends to convey the idea that"D"．
A．everything must have a beginning
B．grass never grows when the wind blows
C．cloudy mornings turn to clear evening
D．it never rains but pours
75．Which of the following might serve as a suitable title for this passage？C
A．Haiti was in crisis due to the earthquake in January，
B．Violence in the twenty-eight countries and territories
C．UNICEF Appeals for Aid for Women and Children
D．the value of public and private partnerships in helping．

2．Americans are thinking about national education standards recen1y developed by teachers and other education experts．The National Governors Association （NGA） and the Council of Chief State School Officers （CCSSO） led the effort．
The United States，unlike other nations，has never had the same school standards across the country．What is the reason？Education is not discussed in the Consti1ution．That document limits the responsibilities of the federa1government．Other responsibilities，like education，fall to each state．
Loca1control of education probably was a good idea two hundred years ago．Peop1e stayed in the same place and schools knew what students needed to learn．But today，people move to different cities．And some people work at jobs that did not exist even twenty years ago．
Many American educators say that getting a good education should not depend on where you live．They say that some states have lowered their standards in order to increase student sores on tests required by the No Child Left behind Act．
Kara Schlosser is communications director for the CCSSO．She says the new standards clearly state what a student should be able to do to be successful in college and work．
Forty--eight states have a1ready shown approval for the standards．Two states refuse to accept the idea．Critics（批评家） say that working toward the same standards in every state will not guarantee（保证） excellence for all．Some educators in Massachusetts say adopting the national standards wi11hurt their students because the state standards are even higher．Others say the change will be too costly，requiring new textbooks and different kinds of training for teachers．Still others fear federal control．
Supporters say the standards are goals and do not tell states or teachers how to teach．They also say the federal government is not forcing accep1ance．However，approving the standards will help states qua1ify（合格） for some federal grant money．

60．What would be the best title for the passage？B
A．Local Control of Education Standards out of Date
B．American National Education Standards under Consideration
C．Education Standards in Each State--Good or Bad．
D．Acceptance of the New Standards in the United States
61．Why is local control of education no 1onger a good idea today？C
A．Because local standards are limited．
B．Because it is required by the federal government．
C．Because people today moves among states more often than before．
D．Because America has never had the same school standards throughout the country．
62．Some people are against the nationa1education standards becauseC
A．the standards are higher than those of each state
B．they are not yet prepared for the new standards
C．the standards may prevent some students gaining excellence
D．they don't want the federal government to train their teachers
63．If a state agrees to accept the national standards，it will probab1y getD．
A．more students
B．advice on how to improve teaching
C．better textbooks
D．money from the federal government．

1．As Christmas approaches，towns and cities around the UK are preparing for a very British celebration．
The switching on of a town's Christmas lights has become an increasingly competitive event over the years，with some councils （会议） spending lots of money to attract A-list famous persons to do the honors．
The American singer Mariah Carey flew to London in November to switch on the lights at one of the city's biggest shopping centers，while Jim Carrey lighted Oxford Street and promoted his new film at the same time．
Traffic in the historic English city of Bath was brought to a halt as thousands of fans crowded to see the Hollywood actor Nicolas Cage conducted the switching-on ceremony．
Some celebrations do not go according to the plan，as was seen in Birmingham when dozens of people were injured as the famous British boy band JLS took the stage．
Not all towns can afford to bring in an internationally-known star，so many switchon ceremonies are handled by ex-TV talent show competitors．
Pantomime （圣诞童话剧） stars are also much in demand at this time of year，as they aim to promote their Christmas shows．
But if your council hasn't got the budget to bring in a famous face，what are the cheaper alternatives？
A town in the west of England chose to let the public decide by giving their suggestions online．The result：a 21-year-old DIY store worker was given the honor．
"I was amazed and delighted to be asked，"said Scott Parker，"it's just a special gift and not something I'd，ever thought about before．"

56．According to the passage，what kind of special celebration can you see at Christmas in UK？D
A．People meeting their favorite stars and getting special gifts．
B．Well-known persons invited to make a performance in public．
C．A-list persons lighting Oxford Street and promoting their films．
D．Switching-on ceremonies that are conducted by honored persons．
57．The underlined word"halt"in Paragraph 4probably means"B"．
A．start           B．stop
C．ban             D．run
58．Which of the followings can be learned from the passage？C
A．Mariah Carey is invited to Bath to switch on the lights．
B．Pantomime stars rarely appear at events like this．
C．Not all those who switch on the Christmas lights can make lots of money．
D．Average persons can not get a chance to switch on the Christmas lights．
59．The following are famous persons EXCEPTA．
A．Scott Parker      B．Mariah Carey
C．Nicolas Cage      D．Jim Carrey．

20．United Nations Climate Change Conference
The U．N．Climate Change conference opened in Copenhagen，Denmark on Dec.7th with some 15，000delegates and observers from nearly 200countries attending what is called the last best chance for an agreement to combat（与…战斗） global warming．
Their aim is to find common ground，including on reduction of greenhouse gas emissions，promotion and transfer of new more eco-friendly technology and the necessary funding to make this possible，especially for the less developed and poorer nations．It also means coming up with long term vision and cooperation for the future．
Most scientists believe the warming trend is mainly caused by human activity，especially the use of fossil fuels（矿物燃料） and the cutting down of forests．Skeptics（怀疑论者） say global warming is part of a natural cycle of climate change．
In Copenhagen，experts and officials alike are  putting the emphasis on what people and governments can do to cut the emission of greenhouse gasses．
Scientists say a 25to 40percent cut in carbon-dioxide emissions is needed to control global warming．The European Union，China，and India have already pledged（保证） reductions．The United States is waiting for Congressional（国会的） approval for a proposal put forward by the Obama administration．
Barack Obama，President of the United States said，"Each of us must do what we can when we can to grow our economies without endangering our planet--and we must all do it together．We must seize the opportunity to make Copenhagen a significant step forward in the global fight against climate change.."
Desmond Tutu，Archbishop of South Africa said，"Worldwide，we have the chance to start turning the tide of climate change，but only if all governments commit themselves to a fair，binding（有约束力的） and sustainable climate agreement in Copenhagen．"

56．From the first paragraph we can infer thatD．
A．people think that this conference is of no use
B．this conference is the last one to be held about the climate change
C．before this conference some countries fight against each other．
D．people expect a final agreement will be achieved
57．Which is NOT included in the aim of this conference？B
A．To reduce the emission of the greenhouse gases．
B．To develop the agriculture and industry of the developed countries．
C．To cooperate with each other for the future．
D．To transfer new more eco-friendly technology．
58．Which statement is TRUE according to the passage？C
A．The United States refuses to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases．
B．The European Union is waiting for a proposal put forward by Obama．
C．China and India have already agreed to cut carbon-dioxide emissions．
D．South Africa doesn't think much of this conference．
59．What is Obama's attitude according to his words？B
A．Doubtful．     B．Positive．
C．Negative．     D．Regretful．
60．Dis the reason of global warming according to the skeptics．
A．Human activity                     B．Fossil fuels
C．The cutting down of trees           D．Natural climate change．

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