14．Across the world，mobile phones are very popular with young people．They think that the phones are more than a means of communication-having a mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected．
The explosion in mobile phone use around the world has worried some health professionals．Some doctors are concerned that in the future many people will suffer from health problems because of the use of mobile phones．But mobile phone companies say that there is no proof that mobile phones are bad for health．
On the other hand，why do some medical studies show changes in the brain cells of some people who use mobile phones？Signs of change in the tissue （组织） of the brain and head can be detected with modern scanning equipment．In one case，a traveling salesman had to retire at a young age due to the fact that he couldn't remember even simple tasks．The man had been talking on his mobile phone for about six hours a day for a couple of years．His family doctor blamed his mobile phone use．
What is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful？The answer is radiation．High-tech machines can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones．Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation，but they say the amount is too small to worry about．
As the discussion about their safety continues，it appears that it is better to use mobile phones less often．Use a normal phone if you want to talk for a long time．Use your mobile phone only when you really need it．Mobile phones can be very useful and convenient，especially in emergencies．So，for now，it is wise not to use your mobile phone too often．

81．Why do young people buy mobile phones according to the passage？（No more than 11words） （2marks）Because they think mobile phones make them cool and connected．
82．Why did the salesman mentioned in the passage retire young？（No more than 7words） （2marks）Because he couldn't remember simple tasks．
83．What do the manufacturing companies think of the safety issue of mobile phones？（No more than 14words） （3marks）They believe that the amount of radiation is too small to worry about．
84．What's the purpose of the author's writing this passage？（No more than 11words） （3marks）To advise people to use mobile phones less often．
13．In America，if you are invited to a wedding，baby shower，bar mitzvah（成人礼）or other celebrations，you're expected to bring a gift．Usually，it should be modest in（1）B，about $25．
For a wedding，the bride will often have"registered"a list of gifts at a local department store，indicating the items she（2）A．When you buy a registered item，tell the store that you're doing this，so the couple doesn't receive the（3）Cgift twice．For a baby shower，bring a gift（4）Bfor a new born baby．For a bar mitzvah，bring a gift appropriate for a 13-year-old boy．Because they are such important occasions，gifts for bar mitzvahs tend to be more（5）D，for example，a gold-plated pen．（6）Athe pen by carving the boy's full name will be appreciated．
If you wish to give a gift to American friends，choose something that is（7）Cto your country．It  needn't be valuable or（8）B，just typical of your homeland．（9）Dinclude a book about your country，an inexpensive souvenir，or something else that reflects your（10）C．Young children who like collecting will probably be very（11）Bwith a set of your country's coins or stamps．Items that are（12）Cin your country but difficult to find abroad are also good．
If staying with an American family，a good way of expressing your thanks is to take them to a form of（13）D，such as a baseball game or a concert．
When giving gifts to a business acquaintance，don't give anything too personal，（14）Bto a woman．A scarf or a hat is OK，but other types of（15）Aare not．Something appropriate for the office is best．
 
1．A．sizeB．valueC．weightD．appearance
2．A．prefersB．ownsC．usesD．imagines
3．A．firstB．bestC．sameD．similar
4．A．generalB．suitableC．demandingD．expensive
5．A．modestB．cheerfulC．normalD．formal
6．A．PersonalizingB．ReplacingC．DesigningD．Changing
7．A．convenientB．appropriateC．uniqueD．beneficial
8．A．colorfulB．rareC．heavyD．nice
9．A．OpportunitiesB．ExpectationsC．InventionsD．Possibilities
10．A．characterB．interestC．cultureD．progress
11．A．annoyedB．impressedC．amusedD．puzzled
12．A．limitedB．bannedC．commonD．priceless
13．A．educationB．discussionC．exerciseD．entertainment
14．A．directlyB．especiallyC．merelyD．deliberately
15．A．clothingB．perfumeC．jewelryD．equipment．
12．A major source of teen stress is school exams，and test anxiety is not uncommon．When you recognize your teen is under stress，how can parents help your teen stay calm before an exam？
Be involved．Parents need to be involved in their teen's work．（36）DWhat they look for is your presence-to talk，to cry，or simply to sit with them quietly．Communicate openly with your teen．Encourage your teen to express her worries and fears，but don't let them focus on those fears．Help them get organized．（37）ETogether，you and your teen can work out a schedule in which she can study for what she knows will be on the test．
Provide a calm environment．Help your teen set up a quiet place to study and protect his privacy．Give them a nutritious diet．It is important for your teen to eat a healthy，balanced diet during exam times to focus and do her best．（38）AIf this happens，encourage your teen to eat light meals or sandwiches．A healthy diet，rather than junk food，is best for reducing stress．
（39）CPersuade your teenager to get some sleep and/or do something active when she needs a real break from studying．Making time for relaxation，fun，and exercise are all important in reducing stress．Help your teen balance her time so that she will feel comfortable taking time out from studying to spend time with friends or rest．
Show a positive attitude．（40）GYour panic，anxiety and blame contribute to your teen's pressure．Make your teen feel accepted and valued for her efforts．Most importantly，reassure （安慰）your teen that things will be all right，no matter what the results are．

A．Exam stress can make some teens lose their appetite．
B．They will only make the situation worse                        
C．Encourage your teen to relax．\
D．The best thing is simply to listen．
E．Help your teen think about what she has to study and plan accordingly．       
F．Your teen may also make negative comments about themselves．
G．A parent's attitude will dictate their teen's emotions．
11．Like many other small boys，I was fascinated by cars，especially because my oldest brother was a bit of a car guy and subscribed to cool magazines like Car and Driver and Motor Trend．Every so often，one of those magazines would run an article on the"Car of the Future"．They featured unconventional things like small nuclear reactors as power sources．Yet，frankly，my car doesn't do anything that my brother's Studebaker didn't do．It goes，it stops，it burns gasoline．I still have to steer it，and it still runs into things if I don't steer it carefully．
But guess what？All of these things are likely to change in the not-so-distant future．It may not burn gasoline，I may not have to steer it，and it may be a lot better at not running into things．
Airbags aren't the be-all and end-all in safety．In fact，considering the recent news about people occasionally being killed by their airbags in low-speed crashes，they obviously still need some development．But they aren't going away，and in fact，you can expect to see cars appearing with additional，side-impact airbags，something some European car manufacturers already offer．
Better than systems to minimize injury in the event of an accident，however，are systems that minimize the likelihood of an accident happening in the first place？Future cars may be able to remove many of the major causes of accidents，including drunk-driving，and tailgating （与前车距离过近）．Cars could be equipped with sensors that can detect alcohol in a driver's system and prevent the car from being started，for example．As early as next year，you'll be able to buy cars with radar-equipped control systems．If the radar determines you're closing too quickly with the car in front，it will ease up on the throttle（油门）．
Scientists are now working on a system that can brake，accelerate and steer a vehicle down a highway on its own．Will cars eventually be able to drive themselves？

66．The author was fascinated by cars becauseB．
A．other small boys liked to own a car of their own，too
B．he read untraditional things about cars in his brother's magazines
C．his oldest brother loved to take him to places in his car
D．he often booked cool car magazines himself
67．By saying"my car doesn't do anything that my brother's Studebaker didn't do"，the author means thatD．
A．my car is far better than my brother's
B．my car is not as good as my brother's
C．much improvement has been made in the design of cars recently
D．not much has changed in the performance of cars so far
68．Which of the following statements is true of airbags？B．
A．They are going to disappear gradually．
B．They are in need of further improvement．
C．They are a standard feature of European cars．
D．They kill people instead of protecting them in low-speed crashes．
69．According to the author，what will future cars do if the sensors detect alcohol in the driver's system？A．
A．They will not start．
B．They will ease up on the throttle．
C．They will brake automatically．
D．They will give a warning in advance．
10．Trust has been considered as the basis of any relationship，including friendship．No relationship can last long with a lack of trust．Not many of your friends will have real faith in you as you would like to believe．（36）C Sometimes，it takes years，even a complete lifetime，to trust someone．However，how do we know if our friends have faith in us？
（37）F With whom will you share things that you don't want everyone to know？It would be with a close friend，whom you trust as much as you trust yourself．
Whom do you look up to for advice when you need it the most？It has to be either your parents or your friends．（38）B This is a shining example of trust．You only seek advice from people you hold in high regard and find dependable．The friends who trust you will never forget to include you in the important decisions of their life．
Arguments and heated discussions are a part of every relationship，and this is also true for friendship．（39）D While some people find it difficult to forgive and forget，your friends will never have problems moving on．It is because they trust you and believe that you will never cause any pain to them on purpose．
 There are times in life when you find yourself a lonely soldier．（40）GYour friends will never let you down and will strongly stand for you when you need encouragement．You can determine that they trust you and believe in your beliefs，if they side with you when you need them the most．
 
A．People can be extraordinarily jealous sometimes．
B．You know they will never pass on a wrong suggestion．
C．In fact，winning trust is，by far，the most challenging aspect of relationships．
D．Two people can't have the same reactions to a situation and different opinions do exist．
E．No matter how close you are to your friends，you can't take that comfort level for granted．
F．If your friends share their secrets，there's a good possibility that they have much faith in you．
G．However，people fortunate to have been blessed with true friends are never alone in any battle．
9．Many people rush into the commitment of bringing home a four-legged family member，only to find out that they are not ready for a pet．This often results in the dog being turned over to a shelter where it may not find another home．This can be avoided if potential pet owners take the time to figure out if they are truly ready for the responsibilities of pet ownership．
Being a responsible pet owner involves a financial commitment that goes beyond buying dog food．There are also parasite （寄生虫） prevention，boarding costs while traveling and the cost to care for the pet should it become ill or injured．That is not to say that one must be rich in order to have a dog，but it is important to be prepared for the expenses that come with being a pet owner．
Another consideration is the time commitment．An owner away from home for 14 hours every day is not an ideal situation for a dog．A potential dog owner must also consider the time it takes to care for his or her pet，the time it takes to feed，walk，play with，bathe and clean up．Also，dogs require attention．Be prepared to spend time each day petting and playing with it．
Dogs are dogs，and will act like dogs．This includes barking，digging，having accidents in the house and，possibly，destroying some of the owner's prized possessions，such as furniture，shoes and cell phones．If the above would cause an owner to want to get rid of the dog，then he or she is not yet ready to be a pet owner．Many wonderful pets end up in shelters simply because they acted like dogs!

29．Who might be qualified to be a dog owner，according to the text？A
A．Kari，a teacher who works eight hours a day．
B．Jim，who has a daughter sensitive to dog's smell．
C．Dick，a jobless teenager who can hardly pay his rent．
D．Steven，a business man who travels a lot on business．
30．To be a responsible dog owner you need to do all the following EXCEPTD．
A．buying dog food and feeding it
B．taking it to hospital when necessary
C．spending time each day playing with it
D．finding a shelter for it when you are bored with it
31．What does the underlined part in the first paragraph probably mean？D
A．Rush to adopt a dog formally．
B．Commit to buy a dog and take it home．
C．Run into a pet shelter and take one home so quickly．
D．Decide to be a pet owner without thinking about it carefully．
32．What might be the best title for the text？B
A．Dogs Are Dogs
B．Ready for a Pet？
C．Have Time for a Dog？
D．Pets Are Family Members．
8．Humans aren't the only ones getting a buzz from coffee．Caffeine can improve memory among honeybees and lead to better pollination（授粉）．According to a recent study published in the journal Science．
The study was conducted by a team of researchers at Newcastle University in the United Kingdom．They found that the nectar（花蜜） of some flowers，such as those from grapefruit and lemon plants，as well as certain coffee flowers，contains low doses of caffeine．To get bees to feed on these flowers，the team trained the insects to associate food with the smell of the flowers．They also trained another group of bees to feed on nectar from flowers that were sweetened with a sugar，but did not contain caffeine．After 24 hours，the bees trained on caffeinated flowers returned to these plants three times as often as those trained on the sweetened flowers returned to the uncaffeinated plants．
Professor Geraldine Wright led the researchers．"Remembering floral traits （花部特征） is difficult for bees to perform at a fast pace as they fly from flower to flower and we found that caffeine helps the bee remember where the flowers are，"Wright said in a statement．
Improved memory led to the better pollination．That's because once bees sip the caffeine nectar，they continue to look for more coffee plants to pollinate．This also suggests that caffeine plays a role in improving the bees'ability to search for food．
Researchers found that caffeine's effect on the bee brain is similar to its effect on mammals．"The change is similar to that produced by caffeine in neurons （神经元）"associated with learning and memory in the rat brain，"Wright said．
Bee populations have declining since 2007．The dramatic drop in the insects'numbers has serious effects for ecosystems and the farming industry．Bees are needed in the reproduction of crops and spreading wild flower species．Understanding what keeps bees buzzing could help to make sure that the insects are able to remember and pollinate their favorite flowers．

56．Which of the following is mentioned in the passage？C
A．Caffeine has no effect on the rat brain．
B．Bee population has been increasing．
C．The nectar of lemon plants contains caffeine．
D．Bees dislike nectar from sweetened flowers．
57．After reading the passage，John，who works in the farming industry，will probably feelD．
A．annoyed          
B．angry               
C．nervous         
D．excited
58．Which of the following relationship is correct according to the passage？B
A．improved memory-caffeine nectar-better pollination
B．caffeine nectar-improved memory-better pollination
C．improved memory-better pollination-caffeine nectar
D．caffeine nectar-better pollination-improved memory
59．We can know from the passage thatA．
A．the rat is a mammal                      
B．caffeine has nothing to do with memory
C．bees are good at remembering floral traits      
D．Geraldine Wright did the research on his own
60．What section of a newspaper may this passage be taken from？A
A．Science              
B．Education           
C．Culture         
D．Sports．
7．In 1958，Jean Berko Gleason，an American psycholinguist，created an experiment called the Wug Test．It investigated how children learn to make plural forms of nouns in English like cats，dogs，and horses．The children were shown imaginary words in the singular and asked to change the word into their plural forms．There are three ways of pronouncing the"s"that comes after plural nouns in English； it can be pronounced like/z/，/s/，or/iz/．The most common sound is the/z/sound like in dogs，then the/s/sound like in cats，then the/iz/sound like horses．
In the experiment，the child was presented with a picture of some kind of pretendcreature．He or she was told that the creature was a"wug"．The experimenter said，"This is a wug．"Another card was pulled out with another wug，and the experimenter said，"Now there are two of them．These are two…？"Children who understood the proper use of plural form for nouns ending with a"g"would say，"They are two wugs，"with a/z/sound．Very young children were often confused by this and said"Two wug．"Generally，children who were 4 years or older got the question right．The researchers also carried out several other experiments to create plural forms ending with the/s/sound and with the/iz/sound and found that children usually learned these rules later in their lives because they are not as common as the/z/sound plurals．
The Wug Test also included questions that explored a child's understanding of the proper use of verbs and the suing of the possessive，such as"This is Rob's bike．"Possessives are parts of grammar that show ownership．Also，the children were prompted to use the"-er"suffix （后缀）of a noun to demonstrate a person's job，such as someone who drives is a"driver"．Again，the children were given a nonsense word，this time"zib"．The researcher asked the child，"A man who‘zibs'is a…？"Some young children replied"zibber"，but many young children replied"zibman"．
The Wug Test demonstrated that even very young children have established grammatical systems that allow them to make plurals，possessive，and other forms of words that they have never heard before．This test was the first of its kind to prove that children learn their language akills naturally without needing to be taught grammar rules．
32．The author introduces Jean Berko Gleason as a psycholinguist in order toBA．explain why she used imaginary words for the experiment
B．show that she was interested in how the mind learns language
C．suggest that she studied the language of the mentally ill
D．state that she illustrated the pictures used in the experiment
33．The underlined word"pretend"is closest in meaning toA
A．artificial         B．domestic            C．incorrect          D．living
34．According to the passage，which of the following statements is TRUE about the Wug Test？C
A．It was an experiment to show that children must be taught the rules of language
B．It investigated whether children could use English verbs to show ownership
C．It examined how children learned complex language rules （ like forming plurals ）
D．It proved that children acquire/z/-sound possessives before/s/-sound ones
35．The passage probably comes fromD．
A．a book review                           
B．an official documentary
C．a biography of Jean Berko Gleason           
D．a language learning journal．
6．Neil Armstrong，the first man ever to set foot on the moon，is best remembered by his words"That's one small step for （a） man，one giant leap for the mankind"．Once，in an interview with his son，he said it was difficult to watch a sci-fi movie with his dad，because Armstrong would keep complaining about how unrealistic their vision of space were．
In fact，even the Oscar-winning Gravity，described as"the most realistic space movie ever"by Forbes，is not 100 percent faithful to reality．Here is part of a former NASA astronaut-Garrett Reisman's movie review．
On the whole，it's a great movie．But the question that most people want me to answer is how realistic it was．
In general，sci-fi movies are usuallyfar-fetched．So it's amazing how many things Gravity gets right．The danger of space debris（残骸）is very real．There are currently more than 600，000 pieces of debris larger than 1 cm orbiting Earth and they pose a great risk to spacecrafts．However，in the movie，astronauts can see the debris coming and quickly seek shelter．In reality，debris can travel at 20 times the speed of sound，which means that if you can see it，it's already too late to hide．
Another huge error was-there was absolutely no reason for the male astronaut Matt Kowalski to sacrifice himself!!He lets go of the hand of his female partner，Ryan Stone，and drifts away into space．In reality，Kowalski wouldn't have flown away when Stone let go of his hand．Instead，he would have just stayed floating in that spot．
In the movie，Stone travels from the Hubble Telescope to the International Space Station and then to the Chinese Space Station Tiangong，where she finds an escape vehicle to take her back to Earth．But this is actually the biggest error in the movie．The Hubble，the International Space Station and a Chinese space station are not neighbors．Getting from one to the other requires so much energy that not even space shuttles had enough fuel to do it．In addition，space stations travel in different orbits，and they travel quickly．And it would be physically impossible to get from one to the other．
There are other，more minor details that are just unrealistic．For example，Stone doesn't wear a cooling garment（降温服）under her spacesuit to protect herself from the heat in space．
…Yes，I could go on and on about all the things Gravity got wrong．But who cares？All of these inaccuracies were done to help advance the plot or to add drama to the films．This is entertainment，not a documentary．
28．The purpose of the first paragraph is toB．
A．introduce the famous American astronaut Neil Armstrong
B．show that sci-fi movies are often considered unrealistic by astronauts
C．introduce why Gravity is the most realistic space movie ever
D．tell people not to believe everything they see in sci-fi movies
29．The underlined word"far-fetched"can best be replaced by"A"．
A．unlikely to be true                    
B．difficult to understand
C．easy to mislead people                
D．unpopular with astronauts
30．Which of the following situations would agree with the laws of physics in space according to the passage？C
A．Astronauts collecting flying space debris
B．Astronauts wearing only T-shirts under their spacesuits
C．Astronauts staying afloat where they are after they part with a spaceship
D．Astronauts performing a space walk from the Hubble Telescope to the International Space Station
31．We can infer from the passage thatD．
A．Garrett Reisman doesn't think highly of the movie Gravity
B．directors of sci-fi movies usually don't care much about minor details
C．the shooting of space documentaries and sci-fi movies involve totally different skills
D．Garrett Reisman believes that sci-fi movies don't need to be totally faithful to reality．
5．When it comes to success in business and success in life，there are few qualities as important as confidence．
People naturally have different levels of confidence．Some have a higher level of confidence than others do，but even those whose confidence is lacking can learn to build their level of confidence and reach their most important goals．Increasing self confidence is one of the most common reasons people give for seeking the help of psychologists and other professionals．
One of the many places where a greater level of confidence is useful is in the workplace．We all know how difficult it can be，for instance，to ask the boss for a raise．This process can be extremely difficult for those who lack confidence in their own abilities．After all，if you are unsure about your own abilities，how will you ever convince your boss that you deserve more money for the work you do？
Even if you are not asking for that big raise，having plenty of confidence in your abilities is important to success．If you are certain of your abilities，chances are that those around you，whether they are your coworkers，your colleagues or your superiors，will see that confidence，and that will help to assure them that you are the best at what you do．
Being thought of as the person to go to，and being seen as an expert in your chosen field，is naturally very important to success on the job．If you can make yourself the person people go to for guidance and advice，you will help to protect yourself from the ever present danger of downsizing（裁员）．After all，if you are a recognized expert at the office，you will be regarded as an indispensable member of the team．
Having a high level of confidence，after all，does not mean overlooking the places where you could improve．Knowing what you do well and where you need help will help you enjoy increased success and confidence．

63．What is the passage mainly about？B
A．The influence of confidence on one's life．
B．The importance of confidence to success
C．The difference of people's confidence．
D．The judgment on one's confidence．
64．Psychologists and other professionals can offer help to thoseA．
A．who think their goals are hard to reach
B．who expect to give guidance to others
C．who want to ask the boss for a raise
D．who dream to be recognized experts
65．What does the underlined word"indispensable"in Paragraph 5probably mean？A
A．important                        B．attractive
C．outgoing                         D．energetic
66．What message does the author want to convey in the last paragraph？D
A．To overlook one's disadvantages．
B．To make full use of one's advantages．
C．To have great confidence in one's abilities．
D．To make objective evaluations of one's abilities．
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