E

People talk about energy everywhere．Green energy, for example．Then, energy independence．It has a nice ring to it．Doesn' t it? If you think so, you' re not alone, because energy independence has been the dream of American president for decades, and never more so than in the past few years, when the most recent oil price shock has been partly responsible for kicking off the great recession（经济衰退）．

"Energy independence" and its rhetorical （修辞的） companion "energy security" are, however, unreliable concepts that are rarely thought through．What is it that we want independence from, exactly?

Most people would probably say that they want to be independent from imported oil．But there are reasons that we buy all that oil from elsewhere．

The first reason is that we need it to keep our economy running．Yes, there is a trickle （ 涓涓细流） ）of biofuel （ 生物燃料 ）available, and more may become available, but most biofuels cause economic waste and environmental destruction．

Second, Americans have basically decided that they don't really want to produce all their own oil．They value the environmental quality they preserve over their oil imports from abroad．Vast areas of the United States are off-limits to oil exploration and production in the name of environmental protection．To what extent are Americans really willing to tolerate the environmental influence of domestic（国内的） energy production in order to cut back imports?

Third, there are benefits to trade．It allows for eoonomic efficiency, and when we buy things from places that have lower production costs t1i;m we do, we benefit．And although you don't read about this much, the United States is also a large exporter of oil products, selling about 2 million barrels of petroleum products per day to about 90 countries．

There is no question that the United States imports a great deal of energy and, in fact, relies on that steady flow to keep its economy stable．When that flow is interrupted, we feel the pain in short supplies and higher prices．At the same time, we get massive economic benefits when we buy the most affordable energy on the world market and when we engage in energy trade around the world．

1.What does the author say about energy independence for America?

A．It sounds very attractive．

B．It ensures national security．

C．It will bring oil prices down．

D．It will protect the environment．

2.Why does America rely heavily on oil imports?

A．It wants to expand its storage of raw oil．

B．Its own oil reserves are quickly running out．

C．Its own oil production falls short of demand．

D．It wants to keep its own environment untouched．

3.What does the author say about oil trade?

A．It improves economic efficiency．

B．It makes for economic recession．

C．It brings benefit only to the sellers．

D．It saves the cost of oil exploration．

4.What is the author' s purpose in writing the passage?

A．To explain the increase of international oil trade．

B．To raise Americans' awareness of the energy crisis．

C．To argue for America' s dependence on oil imports．

D．To stress the importance of energy protection．

-Shall we go for a picnic this Saturday?

. Will next Saturday be OK?

A. Sure, it’s up to you

B. Sure,it's no problem

C Sorry, I can’t make it

D.Sorry, I'm not available today

Don’t forget to put the tools back where they were after you have finished your work, ?

A. do you B.don't you

C. will you D. won’t you

Cherish your life and keep away from drug! It is something at no time touch!

A. you should B. should you

C.you will D.will you

A

Two workers was rescued 188 hours after they trapped in a coal mine collapse(倒塌)in the south China’s Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region The two were among 18 miners trapped after the mine, collapsed midday on July 2 because of days of heavy rain.

A total of 71 miners were working underground when the accident occurred on July 2---49 managed to escape. Rescuers have got eight bodies so far.

Ye Fangyong, commander of the rescue headquarters, said that the place where the survi- vors were found was at 320 meters underground. It was filled with mud after the collapse, but there was still room for fresh air. He said three more miners trapped at a work platform390 meters underground may survive because the place also have some space for fresh air.

Rescuers had believed that four other miners would be found with the rescued two, but the chances of the remaining 12 being found alive are not good due to the conditions in the mine.

However, the rescuers have not given up. They are using scientific measures such as a water-proof radar device(裟置)to help find the exact locations of trapped workers. Moreover, rescuers have been offered 2 million yuan for each miner they pull out alive.

The two survivors have been identified a) 41-year-old Liu Jiagan and 35-year-old Qin Hongdang. They are in safe condition.

Before they were rushed to Heshan People's Hospital for treatment, they told rescuers in weak voices that they survived under the mine by drinking spring water that seeped(渗漏) through the top of the shaft(矿井).

1.The local mine coal accident was probably reported on.

A.July8 B.Julylo C.July2 D.July3

2.What caused the coal mine break down?

A. Workers abnormal xvc}rking

B. Typhoonn.

C. Days of heavy rajp

D. Shock of the ca:thquake

3.According to the passage,th. e rrmPrs could be alive unaerground if .

A. there is some space for fresh air

B. they are equippeci with water-proof raciar device

C. they drink enough water

D. there is enough food

4.Which of the following is TRUE accoraing to the passage?

A. Scientific measures are used to help rescue the trapped workers.

B. Each miners being pulled out alive will be offered 2 miliion yuan.

C. Officials offered to give the continuing rescuers higher rank

D. Water-proof radar- will be puf down to give light.

E

Speaking two languages can actually help offset(抵消) some effects of aging on the brain, a new study has found,

Researchers tested how long it took participants to switch from one cognitive(认知的) task to another, something that-s known to take longer for older adults, said lead researcher, Brian Gold, a neuroscientist at the University of Kentucky.

Gold’s team compared task-switching speeds for younger and older adults, knowing they would find slower speeds in the older population because of previous studies. However, they found that older adults who spoke two languages were able to switch mental activities faster than those didn’t . The study only looked at life long bilinguals(会说两种语言的人) defined in study as people speaking a second language daily since they were at least 10 years old.

Gold and his team asked 30 people, either bilingual or monolingual(只僮一种语言 人) , to have a series of tests. They found that bilingual people were not only able to switch tasks faster they had different brain activity than their monolingual peers.

Kristina called bilingualism "a beautiful natural experiment”, because people grow up speaking two languages,and studies have shown that they get certain cognitive benefits from switching between languages and determining which to respond with based on what's going on around them.

Gold said he grew up in Montreal, where he spoke French at school and English at home, prompting relatives to question whether his French language immersion would somehow hinder his ability to learn English.

"Until very recently, learning a second language in childhood was thought of as dangerous," he said. "Actually, it's beneficial. "

1.What-s the main idea of the passage?

A. Researchers found that speaking two languages is important.

B. Researchers found that bilingual people respond slowly.

C. Researchers found that bilingual people can slow down the speed or aging on the brain and respond fast.

D. Researchers found that bilingual people are great.

2.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Older bilinguals can-t respond faster in mind.

B. Older adults speaking a second language daily since they were at least 10 years old can respond faster than those who don't

C. Young bilinguals can respond faster in mind than those monolinguals.

D. Bilingual children respond slower in mind than those monolinguals.

3.Kristina called bilingualism "a beautif'ul natural experiment" because

A. people grow up, benefiting from speaking two languages

B. people speaking two languages are natural

C. people speaking two languages are beautiful

D. people speaking two languages like the experiment

4.We can learn from the last paragraph that learning a second language in childhood is________

A. dangerous to children

B. not beneficial to children

C.dangerous but beneficial to children

D. not dangerous but beneficial to children

Your ______ as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.

A. performance B. growth

C. operation D. character

________is power is a famous saying known to all.

A. What knowledge B. How knowledge

C. That knowledge D. When knowledge

By 17:30, _______ was almost closing time, nearly all the products had been sold.

A. what B. when

C. which D. that

After pains-taking efforts, he eventually concluded that the principle he stuck _______ true.

A. to proved B. to proving

C. to be proved D. to being proved