请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

Homonym: a word that has the same spelling and the same pronunciation as another world, but a different meaning

Same spelling, different meaning

Imagine, then a situation where two words are spelt and pronounced exactly the same way, but have completely different meanings．Welcome to the world of homonyms．Take, for example, the word ‘fail’ --- it can be a kind of festival, and adjective to describe the color of your hair or how you should play a game．

Don’t take it literally

So how do you know which meaning someone is referring to? --- You don’t, except by the context．Obviously, if someone asks you to ‘give them a hand’, they don’t want you to remove what is at the end of your arm．

What’s in a name?

Sometimes even the context doesn’t help much --- the result can be amusing．These sentences play with the double meaning of a noun:

I used to be a banker, but I lost interest．

Have you heard about the cross-eyed teacher who couldn’t control his pupils?

A small boy swallowed some coins and had to go to hospital．When his grandmother phoned to ask how he was, the nurse said: ‘No change yet’．

More ambiguity

And these examples play with the different meanings of a verb:

I wondered why the ball was getting bigger．Then it hit me．

No one knew she had a dental implant until it came out in a conversation．

A boiled egg in the morning is hard to beat．

Double trouble

And sometimes a word can be a noun and a verb, but have different meanings．Can you work this one out?

Time flies like an arrow．Fruit flies like a banana．

If you like these homonyms, you will be pleased to know that English has plenty more!

Explanations of jokes in the text

I used to be banker, but I lost interest．(I became bored with the job / I lost money)

Have you heard about the cross-eyed teacher who couldn’t control his pupils? (students / parts of his eyes)

A small boy swallowed some coins and had to go to hospital．When his grandmother phoned to ask how he was, the nurse said: ‘No change yet’．(no difference in the situation / no money)

I wondered why the ball was getting bigger．Then it hit me．(the ball hit me / I suddenly realized)

No one knew she had a dental implant until it came out in a conversation．(became known / fell out)

A boiled egg in the morning is hard to beat．(can’t be better / difficult to mix with a fork)

Time flies like an arrow．(time goes quickly) Fruit flies like a banana．(insects enjoy eating fruit．)

1.Which of the following statements about homonyms is NOT true?

A．They share the same spellings regardless of meanings．

B．We can’t know their meanings without context．

C．We may still feel confused even with context．

D．Their ambiguity brings great trouble to our life．

2.The “beat” in the sentence “A boiled egg in the morning is hard to beat, making for a satisfying breakfast．” has a similar meaning to _____．

A．The rain was beating down on the tin roof．

B．Taking the bus sure beats walking．

C．The doctor could feel no pulse beating．

D．You’ve been working too hard, you look dead beat．

B

We might think we know which colours do what．The idea that red wakes us up or blue calms us down is deeply rooted in Western culture．But do they really change our behaviour in the ways that we assume?

When it comes to scientific research, the results are mixed and at times contested．Some studies have found that people do better on cognitive tasks when faced with red rather than blue or green; others show the opposite．The idea is that if you repeatedly have a particular experience surrounded by a certain colour, then you eventually begin to associate that colour with the way you were feeling or behaving．A school career spent reading your teacher’s red writing circling your mistakes forever makes you link red with danger．Blue meanwhile is more likely to be associated with calmer situations like marvelling at a big blue expanse of sky．

Of course there will always be exceptions --- the comment from the teacher saying “well done” is also written in red．It is true that people do make different associations with different colours, but whether this translates into behaving in a certain way or succeeding at a particular task is a different question．

In 2009 researchers tried to clarify the situation．They sat their participants at computer screens colored blue, red or “neutral” and tested them on various tasks．With a red screen people did better on tasks requiring attention to detail, but when the screen was blue they did better on creative tasks．In practice this might be tricky．In a classroom you might want to think creatively some of the time and pay attention to detail at others．

However, when another team tried to repeat the study with a larger group of people in 2014, the effect of color disappeared．The initial study consisted of just 69 people．In this new, bigger study, of 263 volunteers, background color made no difference．

So colors might well have an effect, but so far those effects have been difficult to demonstrate consistently and sometimes don’t seem to exist at all．

1.What’s the major function of the first paragraph?

A．To present a widely held view

B．To raise a question of behavior change

C．To introduce the theme of the passage

D．To summarize the whole passage

2.The author mentions the exception in Paragraph 3 in order to show _____．

A．there are exceptions to every rule

B．people tend to associate colors with behaviors

C．colors don’t necessarily mean particular behaviors

D．colors do matter to those who desire success

3.It can be concluded from the results of the studies in 2009 and 2014 that _____．

A．the research findings are practical in indoor decoration

B．solid evidence is inadequate to prove how colors affect us

C．a larger study may help confirm colors’ effects on our behaviors

D．walls should be painted different colors depending on different tasks

阅读填空（共1小题）

请认真阅读下列短文，并根据短文的内容要点完成文章后的表格列单。

注意：补全填空应符合语法和搭配要求，每空只填一个单词。请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。

Friends in your life are like pillars on your porch．Sometimes they hold you up and sometimes they lean on you．Sometimes it's just enough to know they're standing by．Friendship doubles your joy and divides your grief．A friendship is priceless and should be cultivated．

●Remembering the golden rule

Without a doubt, the greatest human relations principle is to treat other people like you want to be treated．When you show respect for your friends and gratitude for their friendship, you'll be blessed in untold ways．

You can't know what has gone on in the rude person's life that day, but you can assume that his or her day hasn't gone well．Maybe a loved one lost his job, her boss reprimanded her unjustly, he's coming down with the flu, or she just found out that her teenager is taking drugs．

Whatever the cause of the rudeness, you don't have to accentuate(突出) the problem．A kind word or a gentle, understanding smile may help the person more than returned rudeness would．

● Considering foes as friends

A friend looks after your own good．On the other hand, a foe is someone who isn't interested in your well-being．

Yet some students view their teachers as enemies．However, a student's success in school partly depends on the teacher's effectiveness in the classroom．Instead of being an enemy, a teacher who corrects you and helps you to achieve can be the best friend you ever had．

This kind of thinking, along with a little attitude adjustment, helps you to convert foes to friends, and both of you are better off．

● Making friends by being an optimist

Do you enjoy being around a pessimist, someone who is generally described as being able to brighten up a room just by leaving it? The answer is obvious．Most people prefer to be around people who believe that tomorrow is going to be better than today, rather than people who believe that today is even worse than yesterday．

● Capturing the pleasing personality

How do you develop a pleasing personality? Here are some steps you can take:

Smile when you see someone．You don't have to give a wide grin — just a pleasant, friendly smile．

Speak in a pleasant, upbeat tone of voice．Talk to people as if they are good friends, even if they don't really fall into that category yet．

Take a course in public speaking．The ability to express yourself attracts favorable attention from many sources．

Develop a sense of humor．Pick up a couple of joke books．This makes you a little more outgoing and friendly．

● Don't criticize unjustly

Instead of being eager to dish out criticism all the time, take the humane and sensible approach．Look for the good in others．Encourage them．Build them up．

Most people seldom think through each situation completely and consider the other person's point of view．If you take the time and effort to do this, you'll end up befriending more people．

书面表达（共1小题）

请阅读下面文字,并按照要求用英语写一篇150 词左右的文章。

A netizen wrote on Weibo on Sept 11 regarding a couple’s shameful behavior of carving their names on a 300-year-old vat at the Palace Museum and called for the museum to report the case to the police．

The post caused a heated discussion online．Some criticized the offending behavior, saying, “I don’t want to visit the Palace Museum only to find relics being carved by immoral tourists．” Others said it is common that ancient relics in Palace Museum are being damaged and laws should be introduced．

Apart from random carvings, the Palace Museum has met several cases of shameful behaviors this year．In March open-air relics were trampled(踩踏) and in May unclothed models were photographed riding on ancient relics in the museum’s courtyard．

Similar incidents take place every year．In 2013, a visitor named Liang Qiqi cut “Liang Qiqi has come here” on a vat in the tourist attraction, causing a mass internet hunting．Worse still, in 2013, a Chinese boy carved his name on a stone sculpture at an ancient temple in Egypt and produced widespread reaction worldwide．

写作内容:

1．用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；

2．结合上述信息，简要分析这种行为的不良影响；

3．从社会和个人两方面谈谈如何提升国民素质(不少于两点)。

写作要求:

1．写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；

2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；

3．不必写标题。

- Have you heard about the shark attack accident at the SeaWorld show?

- Yea, how horrible! A trainer ______ in front of the audience．（ ）

A．had been killedB．has been killed

C．was killedD．is killed

The Subway Line 16 ______ in Beijing is planned to open this year．（ ）

A．being builtB．building

C．builtD．to build

The spread of the Ebola virus in Nigeria is believed ______ by August, 2014．（ ）

A．to be controlledB．to have been controlled

C．to controlD．to have controlled

考点：不定式

We have an adviser on hand in this activity ______ you have any worries or problems．（ ）

A．whenB．now that

C．thoughD．in case

With doubts ______ through my mind, I felt it necessary to carry out a research．（ ）

A．to runB．run

C．runningD．having run

- You seem busy these days．

- Yes．I’m writing a story．You know, it’s really not easy to write ______ with attractive plots．（ ）

A．thisB．oneC．itD．that