John entered a college and often worked late until 12 at night. He fell into the5       of smoking a year ago. He smoked so 6       that he7       had a cigarette on his lips. He 8       while he read,while he watched television and 9      while he drank a cup of coffee or tea. He smoked nearly forty cigarettes a day,but he was happy. 

  John’s friend,Frank,10      many times to 11        him not to smoke. “Smoking is bad for your      12    !”

he said. “ You’d better give it up. ” But his advice didn’t 13       . Before long,John found that he often got a hard and 14      cough, 15      he went to see a doctor.

The doctor 16        him carefully and asked whether he often smoked. John told him the17       Then the doctor told him that his cough was18        by smoking and he wouldn’t get any better unless he stopped smoking.

“If not,” said the doctor,“your cough will never be and some other illnesses may also be19       caused. ”

John became 20       and made up his mind to give up smoking. At the beginning,it was very 21       for him. Every 22       H when he wanted to smoke,he got some other things to eat. At last,he was not 23      in smoking at all. And he no longer had        .

5. A.  hole   B. habit

   C.  interest   D. love

6.  A. much   B. hard

   C.  fast   D. thickly

7. A.  still   B. seldom

   C.  never   D. always

8.  A. stopped   B. smoked

   C.  ate   D. had

9. A.  still   B. just

   C.  even   D. right

10. A.  talked   B. ordered

   C.  worked   D. tried

11. A.  advise   B. tell

   C.  wish   D. take

12. A.  work   B. study

   C.  health   D. life

13. A.  continue   B. work

   C.  reply   D. answer

14. A.  wet   B. loud

   C.  dry   D. rapid

15. A.  but   B. so

   C. till   D. as

16. A.  saw   B. felt

   C.  cured   D. examined

17. A.  truth   B. reason

   C.  matter   D. thing

18. A.  shown   B. kept

   C.  caused   D. heard

19. A.  stopped   B. cured

   C.  repaired   D. mended

20. A.  angry   B. sad

   C.  sorry   D. worried

21. A.  sick   B. tired

   C.  difficult—   D. easy

22. A.  day   B. time

   C.  way   D. place

23. A.  seen   B. told

   C.  happy   D. interested

24. A.  smokes   B. problems

   C.  coughs   D. cigarettes

AHA Scientific Position found cigarette smoking by children and teenagers in theUnited Statesis a major public health problem.

If not controlled,later in life it will become a major risk factor for coronary heart disease (冠心病) ,which leads to heart attack. Among young men and women— who are otherwise at very low risk of developing coronary heart disease—cigarette smoking may cause as many as 75 per cent of the cases of coronary heart disease. The longer a person smokes,the higher the risk of coronary heart disease. More than 80,000 people die each year from coronary heart disease caused by smoking.

Most adult smokers started when they were teenagers;smoking habits in youth seem to determine lifetime cigarette consumption (消费) .丁here’s also evidence that those who begin smoking before they’re 20 have the highest incidence and earliest onset of coronary heart disease and high blood pressure. Autopsy (尸体解剖) studies of smokers have raised questions about the effects of smoking in childhood and ado-lescence(青春期) on the development of fatty build-ups in arteries in adulthood.

What about passive (被动的) or second-hand smoking? About 59 per cent of American children aged between 4 and 11 are suffering from second-hand smoke at home. Studies have shown that children (especially infants) of parents who smoke have more lung illnesses,such as bronchitis(支气管炎) and pneumonia,and can develop asthma(哮喘) . And because smoking parents are more likely to cough and spread germs,their children are more likely to develop chest illnesses. Exposure to tobacco smoke also increases the risk of heart disease.

1. What’s the best title of the passage?

   A. Passive or second-hand smoking

   B.  Cigarette smoking and children

   C.  Cigarette smoking and disease

   D.  Smoking habits

2. If parents smoke,their children can get illnesses EXCEPT        .

   A. bronchitis   B. pneumonia

   C.  asthma   D. lung cancer

3. The underlined sentence in the third paragraph means that        .

   A. if the children get into the habit of smoking, they must smoke all their lives

   B.  when the children are into the habit of smoking,they perhaps can smoke all their lives

   C.  all adult smokers can smoke all their lives

   D.  all children who get into the habit of smoking can smoke all their lives

4. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

   A. Cigarette smoking by the youth in theUnited Statesis a major public health problem.

   B.  The longer you smoke,the higher the risk of heart attack.

   C.  If the children have second-hand smoking,they have the risk for many illnesses.

   D.  The harm of smoking in children and in adults is the same.

 A single cannabis joint (大麻烟卷) may cause as much damage to the lungs as five chain-smoked cigarettes,research has found. Medical examinations of cannabis and tobacco smokers found the drug increased lung problems.

Smoking one cannabis cigarette caused damage equal to smoking 2. 5 to 5 tobacco cigarettes,researchers at the Medical Research Institute ofNew Zealandfound. Doctors who carried out the study believe the greater damage is connected with the difference in the way cannabis is usually smoked,with users inhaling hard,holding their breath longer and failing to use filters.

The scientists began to look into whether smoking cannabis put users in greater danger of developing emphysema (肺气肿) .

A group of 339 volunteers aged 18 to 70 were divided into four groups according to whether they smoked only cannabis,only tobacco,both,or were non-smokers. Each volunteer went through lung function tests and X-ray scans(扫描) of their chests to measure the level of damage to their lungs and airways.

In the study,published in the journal Thoraxall smokers had coughs and wheeze(气喘) ,while only tobacco smokers showed signs of emphysema. Coughing reduced among people who smoked cannabis and tobacco,possibly because these people smoked pure cannabis cigarettes.

The level of lung damage was directly related to the number of cigarettes

smoked. “The most important finding was that one cigarette of cannabis was

similar to the effect of 2. 5 to 5 tobacco cigarettes in causing airflow obstruc-tion(阻碍) ,” the authors stated. “This pattern is likely to be related to the different characteristics(特征) of the cannabis cigarette and the way in which it is smoked. ”

“Cannabis is usually smoked without a filter,and is smoked at a higher temperature,”they added.

1. What would be the main idea of the passage?

   A. Cannabis cigarettes damage lungs more than tobacco cigarettes.

   B.  Cannabis cigarettes are more dangerous than tobacco cigarettes.

   C.  Medical examinations of cannabis and tobacco smokers.

   D.  Cannabis cigarettes damage the lungs as much as tobacco cigarettes.

2. The underlined word “inhaling ” in Paragraph 2 probably means “     

   A. breathing out   B. breathing in

   C.  breathing   D. smelling

3. According to the research,smoking cannabis cigarettes caused greater damage to lungs mainly because          .

   A. cannabis cigarettes contain more dangerous chemical substances

   B.  smoking cannabis can increase the danger of developing lung cancer

   C.  the way cannabis is usually smoked is different and special

   D.  cannabis is more addictive

4. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

   A. Tobacco smokers have a greater danger of developing emphysema.

   B.  The study shows that all volunteers tested have coughs and short breath.

   C.  Tobacco cigarettes cause greater airflow obstruction than cannabis cigarettes.

   D.  Cannabis should be smoked without a filter.

5. If the passage appears in a newspaper,which section is the best suitable one?

   A. Education Section.

   B.  Show Section.

   C.  Environment Section.

   D.  Health Section.

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