Grandma Moses is among the most famous twentieth- century painters of the United States, yet she did not start painting until she was in her late seventies. As she once said of herself; "I would never sit back in a rocking chair, waiting for someone to help me.  No one could have had a more productive old age.  

   She,Anna Mary Robertson,was born on a farm in New York State,one of five boys and five girls. At twelve she left home and was in domestic service until, at twenty-seven, she mar?ried Thomas Moses, the hired hand of one of her employers. They farmed most of their lives, first in Virginia and then in New York State,at Eagle Bridge. She had ten children, of whom five survived;her husband died in 1927. Grandma    Moses painted a little as a child and made embroidery(刺綉) pictures as a hobby, but only changed to oils in old age because her hands had become too stiff to sew and she wanted to keep busy and pass the time. Her pictures were first sold at the local drugstore(杂货店) and at a market and were soon noticed by a businessman who bought everything she painted. Three of the pictures exhibited in the Museum of       Modern Art,and in 1940 she had her first exhibition in New York. Between the 1930*s and her death she produced some 2,000 pictures:detailed and lively portrayals(描绘) of the country life she had known for so long,with a wonderful sense of color and form. "I think really hard till I think of something really pretty, and then I paint it”,she said.

(   ) 4. According to the passage, Grandma Moses began to paint because she wanted to

   A. make herself beautiful   B. keep active

   C.  earn more money   D. become famous 

(   ) 5. Grandma Moses spent most of her life         .

   A. nursing   B. painting   C. embroidering   D. farming 

(   ) 6. The underlined word "survived" means         .

   A.graduated from college

   B.examined the condition of the house

   C.lived longer than the other children

   D.  gave up themselves to the police 

(   ) 7. From Grandma Moses' description of herself in the first paragraph, it can be inferred that she was         .

   A. independent   B. pretty   C. rich   D. nervous

(   ) 8. Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

   A.Grandma Moses:Her Life and Pictures

   B.The Children of Grandma Moses

   C.Grandma Moses:Her Best Exhibition

   D.Grandma Moses and Other Older Artists

 Women have been making scientific discoveries since ancient times. Twelve women have won the Nobel Prize for science, one of the highest honors in the world. Some women scientists never married,some worked with their husbands, and others raised large families. It has been difficult for women to be successful scientists.

 In the early 1800s in England, Mary Anning became one of the first women recognized for her discoveries about the ancient history of the earth. Mary and her father collected fossils(4匕石) in their village on the south coast of Great Britain. Fossils are parts of plants or animals that have been saved in rocks for millions of years.

 When she was only twelve years old,Mary became the first person to find the almost com?plete skeletons(骨架) of several animals that no longer existed on earth. She didn't become fa?mous for her discoveries at that time because she often sold her fossils to get money to support her family.

In 1891 ,a young Polish woman named Marie Sklodowska traveled to Paris to study phys?ics. She did so because she could not get a college education inPoland. She began working in the laboratory of a man named Pierre Curie. Marie and Pierre Curie got married and made many discoveries together. They received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1903 along with another sci?entist. Marie Curie became the first person to be awarded a second Nobel Prize in 1911,this time for Chemistry. Marie Curie was one of the few women at the time who became famous as a scientist.

(   ) 1. Mary Anning was one of the first women to         .

   A.win the Nobel Prize for Science after getting married

   B.make achievements in the study of ancient Earth

   C.research animals and their bones

   D.study the mystery of all kinds of plants

(   ) 2. What can we learn about Marie Sklodowska?

   A.She studied physics inPolandand got a college education.

   B.She received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1903 on her own.

   C.She only got one Nobel Prize during her lifetime.

   D.She made many discoveries together with her husband after she got married. 

(   ) 3. What's the passage mainly about?

   A. Ancient discoveries.   B. Women scientists.

   C.  Successful marriages.   D. Different prizes.

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