It is difficult for doctors to help a person with a damaged brain. Without enough blood, the brain lives for only three to five minutes. More often the doctors can’t fix the damage. Sometimes they are afraid to try something to help because it is dangerous to work on the brain. The doctors might make the person worse if he operates on the brain.

Dr. Robert White, a famous professor and doctor, thinks he knows a way to help. He thinks doctors should make the brain very cold. If it is very cold, the brain can live without blood for 30 minutes. This gives the doctor a longer time to do something for the brain.

Dr. White tried his idea on 13 monkeys. First he taught them to do different jobs, and then he op­erated on them. He made the monkeys' blood go through a machine. The machine cooled the blood. Then the machine sent the blood back to the monkeys' brains. When the brain’s tempera­ture was 10°C, Dr. White stopped the blood to the brain. After 30 minutes he turned the blood back on. He warmed the blood again. After their operations the monkeys were like they had been before. They were healthy and busy. Each one could still do the jobs the doctor had taught them.

1.The biggest difficulty in operating on the damaged brain is that _______.

A. the time is too short for doctors

B. the patients are often too nervous

C. the damage is extremely hard to fix

D. The blood cooling machine might break down

2.The brain operation was made possible mainly by _______.

A. taking the blood out of the brain

B. trying the operation on monkeys first

C. having the blood go through a machine

D. lowering the brain’s temperature

3.With Dr. White’s new idea, the operation on the damaged brain ______.

A. can last as long as 30 minutes

B. can keep the brain’s blood warm

C. can keep the patient’s brain healthy

D. can help monkeys do different jobs

If you do not use your arms or your legs for some time, they become weak; when you start using again, they slowly become strong again. Everybody knows this, and nobody would think of questioning the fact. ____1.____ When someone says that he has a good memory, he really means that he keeps his memory in practice by exercising it regularly, either consciously or unconsciously. When someone else says that his memory is poor, he really means that he does not give it enough opportunity to become strong. ____2.____ One of them exercises his arms and legs by playing tennis, while the other sits in a chair or a motor car all day.

If a friend complains that his arms are weak, we know that it is his own fault. __3.__, many of us think that his parents are to blame, or that he is just unlucky, and few of us realize that it is just as much his own fault as if it was his arms or legs that were weak. Not all of us can become extremely strong or extremely clever; but all of us can, if we have ordinary bodies and brains, improve our strength and our memory by the same means––practice.

Have you ever noticed that people who cannot read or write usually have better memories than those who can? ___4.____ Of course, because those who cannot read or write have to remember things:they cannot write them down in a little notebook. They have to remember dates, time and prices, names, songs and stories; so their memory is the whole time being exercised.

____5.___, learn from the poor: practice remembering.

A.What do you think of it?

B.Yet many people do not seem to know that the memory works in the same way.

C.But if he tells us that he has a poor memory

D.So if you want a good memory

E.When someone else says that he is poor in the health

F.Why is this?

G.The position is exactly the same as that of two people.

I went to India for a 2-week vacation to visit my relatives. We stopped on a red light, and as always, there were a lot of activities outside the cars near the . People walked in, between the cars newspaper, water and a number of kids looked for a bit of charity from the car owners. It’s a familiar in most poor developing countries.

While we were for the red light to turn green, I noticed a man outside a couple of in front of ours trying to sell bottles of water. It’s unusual at first. He was a man in his 40s with relatively clothes. But he walked around in a strange way. He kind of his way around the spaces. He was blind.

Carrying a couple of water bottles on one hand, he got to the outside of our car. Out of , my mum decided to buy one water bottle. As she gave the man the money, the light turned green. The car behind sounded loudly and , trying to get ahead of traffic. Seeing this, my mum kindly told the man to the change. However, with his sense of touch, he quickly went through his shirt pocket and threw the money at my mum’s . It was the exact change. The cars behind us were really getting out of control, we decided to go on our way.

I broke down and even when I got home. Here’s a blind man, born in , trying to sell water bottles on the streets to make ends meet. He our sympathy. Life hasn’t been to him, yet he’s giving it his best shot. I think that is what is all about facing life bravely.

1.A. signs B. crossroads C. stations D. theatres

2.A. giving B. buying C. selling D. throwing

3.A. scene B. play C. activity D. street

4.A. watching B. asking C. waiting D. changing

5.A. blocks B. crossings C. turns D. cars

6.A. everything B. something C. anything D. nothing

7.A. expensive B. fashionable C. ragged D. fastened

8.A. pushed B. drove C. cleared D. felt

9.A. eventually B. quickly C. frequently D. happily

10.A. curiosity B. sympathy C. thirsty D. politeness

11.A. impatiently B. casually C. naturally D. carefully

12.A. keep B. return C. borrow D. count

13.A. poor B. superior C. limited D. enlarged

14.A. hand B. arm C. face D. lap

15.A. still B. yet C. so D. but

16.A. smiled B. shouted C. complained D. cried

17.A. pain B. poverty C. sadness D. loneliness

18.A. refused B. enjoyed C. doubted D. cheated

19.A. rich B. unfair C. kind D. bad

20.A. kindness B. courage C. experience D. challenge

Once there were two mice, a city mouse and a country mouse. They were distant relatives. One day the city mouse, 1. lived in a big house wrote a letter to the country mouse inviting him for a visit.

Delighted, the country mouse accepted the 2. (invite) and came to the city mouse’s house. He was greeted by the city mouse cheerfully. The country mouse was surprised 3. big the house was. The city mouse was pleased 4. led the country mouse to the kitchen. When 65 climbed up the table, there were a large piece of bread, fruit and cheese 5. it. But just as they began to eat, they heard 6. great noise. The city mouse cried, “Run! Run! The cat 7. (come)!” They ran away quickly and hid.

8. (breath) heavily after hiding in the mouse-hole, the country mouse said to the city mouse, “I should go back to my house in the country. Even if I eat nothing but beans, I can live 9. (peace). Why don’t you come with me to the country? It is nicer to be poor and happy than to be rich and afraid.”

假如英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号∧，并在此符号下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线＼划掉。

修改：在错词下面划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1、每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2、 只允许修改10处 ，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Three years ago I failed an important exam in my life and became a student in a ordinary school. Disappointing as I felt at the shabby campus and the poorly-equipped classroom, I found the teachers patiently and considerate. Besides, I enjoyed the friendly atmosphere in class. I decided make the best of it. I worked hard and get along well with my teachers and classmates. Whenever I had difficulties, they were always available. Soon, I became one of the top student in my class, and which greatly increased my confidence and got him motivated.

My experience tell me that it is not what you are given but how you make use for it that determines who you are.

假设你班将举行一次英语班会，主题为“如何做一个好学生”。请你根据以下要点写一篇短文。短文中须包括以下要点：

1、严格自律,刻苦学习

2、尊敬师长,乐于助人

3、遵守校规,不染恶习

4、不无故旷课, 不以强凌弱.

5、不断进步,实现目标

注意：1 词数：100左右。

2 内容可适当发挥，注意行文连贯。

文章开头已给出(不计入总词数

It’s important and necessary for us to be good students. But how can we became good students?

Most young people enjoy some forms of physical activities. It may be walking, cycling or swimming, or in winter, skating or skiing. It may be a game of some kind, football, hockey, golf, or tennis, it may be mountaineering.

Those who have a passion for climbing high and difficult mountains are often looked upon with astonishment. Why are men and women willing to suffer cold and hardship, and to take risks on high mountaineering? This astonishment is caused probably by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activity to which men give their leisure.

Mountaineering is a sport and not a game. There are no man?made rules, as there are for such game as golf and football. There are, of course, rules of a different kind, which would be dangerous to ignore, but it is this freedom from man?made rules that makes mountaineering attractive to many people. Those who climb mountains are free to use their own methods.

If we compare mountaineering with other more familiar sports, we might think that one big difference is that mountaineering is not a “game”. We would be mistaken in this assumption. There are, it is true, no “matches” between “teams” of climbers, but when climbers are on a rock face linked by a rope on which their lives may depend, there is obviously teamwork.

The mountain climber knows that he may have to fight forces that are stronger and more powerful than man. He has to fight the forces of nature. His sport requires high mental and physical capacities.

A mountain climber continues to improve in skill year after year. A skier is probably past his prime by the age of thirty, and most international tennis champions are in their early twenties. But it is not unusual for a man of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in the Alps. They may take more time than younger men, but they probably climb with more skill and less wasted effort, and they certainly experience enjoyment.

1.Mountaineering is a sport which involves all the following things EXCEPT ______.

A．hardship B. comfort

C．physical risk D．cold

2.The main difference between a sport and a game lies in origin of the ________.

A．uniform B．activity

C．skills D． rules

3.Mountaineering is also a team sport because ________.

A．it involves rules as well

B．it involves matches between teams

C．mountaineers depend on each other while climbing

D．it requires mental and physical qualifications

4.Which of the following is TRUE?

A．Mountaineers compete against nature.

B．Mountaineers compete against teams.

C．Mountaineers compete against each other.

D．Mountaineers compete against international standard.

5.What is the best title for the text?

A．Mountain Climbers.

B．Mountaineering.

C．Mountaineering is gaining popularity.

D．Mountaineering is More Dangerous than Other Sports.

Today, nearly 400 animals are listed as threatened or endangered animals in the United States. Many are at risk of becoming extinct or disappearing permanently. Unless efforts to save these vulnerable(易受攻击的) animals succeed, many of the country's greatest creatures will be lost forever. From the facts listed, guess which animals are endangered. Click on the picture to find out more about each of these animals in trouble.

American Crocodile

●American crocodiles are about 12 feet long. They live on land and in shallow water, swamps and marshes.

●American crocodiles like to float in the water with only their eyes and noses above the water surface.

●American crocodiles eat mostly small animals, which they grab with their strong jaws and sharp teeth.

●American crocodiles lay eggs. They hide their eggs under twigs and leaves, or bury them in the sand.

●Some crocodiles help their young hatch, and then carry them to the water in their mouth.

Habitat

Southern Florida, Mexico, Central and South American, Caribbean islands.

Why It's Endangered

Overhunted for its skin and habitat destruction.

Peninsular Bighorn Sheep

●Bighorn sheep can weigh as much as 280 pounds and stand about 3 feet tall.

●They live in dry, desert mountain ranges, near rocky cliffs.

●Bighorn sheep eat grass, twigs and leaves.

●Male sheep are called rams and can be recognized by their huge, brown horns. The horns curl back over the ears, down，and up past the cheeks.

●They live in herds or groups. The male sheep with the biggest horns are usually in charge. Male horns can weigh as much as 30 pounds.

●Males will use their massive horns to fight. The fights can last as long as 24 hours.

●Females are called ewes. They are smaller than rams and have shorter, smaller horns.

Habitat

Nevada and California to west Texas and south into Mexico.

Why It's Endangered

Loss of habitat, hunting illegally, drought and disease.

1.Where can the article be found according to the passage?

A．Newspaper. B．Website.

C．Student book. D．Magazine.

2.Which of the following is NOT true according to the description about American crocodiles?

A．American crocodiles live on land and in swamps and marshes.

B．American crocodiles hide their eggs under leaves, or bury them in the sand.

C．American crocodiles grab small animals with their strong jaws and sharp teeth.

D．American crocodiles like to float with their eyes and nose below the water surface.

3.Where can we find both American crocodiles and Bighorn sheep according to the passage?

A．Southern Florida. B．California.

C．Mexico. D．West Texas.

4.Rams make use of their massive horns to ________.

A．master the herds B．show their beauty

C．fight with others D．hunt for food

5.What can be the best title?

A．Animals in Danger

B．American Crocodile

C．Peninsular Bighorn Sheep

D．How to Save Animals in Danger

Throughout the world, clothing has many uses. It is used to provide protection from cold. It is also worn to prevent others from seeing specific parts of one’s body. However, the parts of the body that must be covered vary widely throughout the world. Some clothing is worn to provide supernatural protection. Wearing a lucky shirt to take an exam is calling for supernatural assistance.

People in all cultures use clothing and other forms of bodily decoration to communicate status(身份), intentions and other messages. In North America, we dress differently for business and various leisure activities. North American women usually are much more knowledgeable of little difference in messages communicated by clothes than men. At times, this leads to silly mistakes of understanding of female intentions on the part of men. Of course, clothing styles also are intended to communicate messages to members of the same gender（性别）.

Long before we are near enough to talk to someone, their appearance tells their gender, age, economic class, and often even intentions. We begin to recognize the important cultural clues at an early age. The vocabulary of dress that we learn includes not only items of clothing but also hairstyles, jewelry, and other body decoration. In most cultures, however, the same style of dress communicates different messages depending on the age, gender, and physical appearance of the individual wearing it.

Putting on certain types of clothing can change your behavior and the behavior of others towards you. This can be the case with a doctor’s white lab coat, or an army uniform. Most uniforms are clearly symbolic so that they can rapidly and unmistakably communicate status. For instance, the strange hairstyle and clothing of the English “punks” are essential aspects of their uniforms.

There are many forms of body decoration other than clothes that are used around the world to send messages. These include body and hair paint, and even body deformation. When doctors put braces on teeth, they are actually doing the same thing – deforming or reforming a part of the body to make it more attractive.

1.Which of the following is the best title for this passage?

A. Clothing and Culture

B. Ways of Sending Message

C. Clothing and Social Behavior

D. Communication through Clothing

2.Some people wear lucky shirts to take an exam because they believe .

A. clothes can hide their fear for the exam

B. clothes have extraordinary power

C. shirts can make them more comfortable

D. shirts provide protection against bad weather

3.In North America, men sometimes misunderstand women’s intention because .

A. men are more careless than women

B. women spend more time on their clothes

C. men and women have different views on clothing styles

D. men care less about the different messages communicated by clothes

4.According to the passage, the behavior of others towards you can be changed by your .

A. age B. dress

C. status D. gender

5. From the passage, it can be inferred that .

A. clothing plays an important role in social activities

B. words of dress are unable to communicate different messages

C. dress is better than language in communicating messages

D. messages communicated by clothes are the same in different cultures

Good student－teacher relationships result from the choices that are made even before school, and how those choices are carried out on a daily basis. Here are a few tips to make this process easier for both parties.

_1.__

For the teacher, this means that they need to look at each student from the perspective(角度) of what that student could learn, rather than what that student learned last week or last year. For the student, this means that they need to enter the classroom every day with the willingness to trust the teacher to help them understand. __2.__ Every school day there are new opportunities to learn new information or to understand subjects that might have been difficult in the past.

__3.__

This is not to say that you have to “buy” the affections(关爱) of the student or the teacher，but you can give the gift of a smile，the gift of attention in class，or the gift of eye contact. Giving this type of gift always helps to build strong relationships.

Demand the best.

__4.__ We can trust friends to keep us responsible and when developing good student－teacher relationships，the same principle of trust applies. Setting high expectations always pushes us to be our best，and when both the student and the teacher are pushing the other for more depth, more wisdom, more insight, etc，then both the student and the teacher will give more.

To develop a good student－teacher relationship，both the student and the teacher must be willing to decide to do these things daily. Each day，they must be willing to try again and work on the relationship. _5.__

A．Buy gifts for teachers.

B．Give gifts to one another.

C．Focus on the positive.

D．We can always learn a lot from our teachers.

E．Future learning is never limited by past experiences.

F. Good relationships are always founded on honesty and high expectations.

G．The most important thing is to trust the relationship to benefit each of the members.