Two Christmas traditions have come under attack in recent years from environmentalists: Christmas cards and Christmas trees.
Paper cards are seen as wasteful and, for some people, going card-free is another way of going green. They also argue that in a world of e-mail, Skype, Facebook and Twitter, people are in touch all the time anyway; they no longer need the yearly card that connects them with long lost friends. If you want to send Christmas greetings, there are free e-cards, which get the job done with no postage or wasted paper.
However, especially for people who didn’t grow up with e-mail, there is something missing from a Christmas e-mail. The first Christmas cards appeared in London in 1843 and were designed by the same man who had introduced the world’s first postage stamp three years earlier. His name was Sir Henry Cole.
They rose in popularity throughout the 20th century. Many people sent cards that were sold for charity. The most famous of these are the ones sold for UNICEF. In the UK this year, in the three weeks before Christmas, the post office expects to handle 100 million cards every day. Environmental awareness also means that nowadays many people recycle their cards; this helps raise money to plant more trees, as well as recreating more paper.
When we think of trees at Christmas, there is one that immediately springs(跃入)mind---the evergreen tree that people decorate with ornaments and place their presents under. The custom dates back almost a thousand years to Germany. Nowadays 33 to 36 million Christmas trees are produced in America and 50 to 60 million in Europe each year. Some trees are sold live with roots and soil so people can plant them later and reuse them next year.
Some people prefer artificial trees as they are reusable and much cheaper than their natural alternative. However, environmentalists point out that they are made from petroleum (石油) products and so have many pollution issues

  1. 1.

    What is the main idea of the article?

    1. A.
      To introduce the history of two typical Christmas traditions
    2. B.
      To explain the debate about some Christmas traditions
    3. C.
      To analyze how two Christmas traditions grew in popularity
    4. D.
      To point out the problems caused by celebrating Christmas
  2. 2.

    What does the underlined word “They” in the fourth paragraph probably mean?

    1. A.
      Many people
    2. B.
      Christmas e-mails
    3. C.
      Postage stamps
    4. D.
      Christmas cards
  3. 3.

    Some people suggest getting rid of paper cards because     .
    a. they cannot be recycled         b. they are not environmentally friendly
    c. they are mostly sold for charity  d. the e-cards have many advantages over them
    e. they are not as necessary as they used to be for people

    1. A.
      a, b, d
    2. B.
      a, c, d
    3. C.
      b, d, e
    4. D.
      b, c, e
  4. 4.

    What can we conclude from the article?

    1. A.
      The first Christmas cards were designed earlier than the world’s first stamps
    2. B.
      This year has seen a dramatic drop in Christmas card sales
    3. C.
      Environmentalists advise people to buy cards that are sold for charity
    4. D.
      Growing environmental awareness is encouraging people to recycle their cards
  5. 5.

    Which of the following statements in TRUE according to the article?

    1. A.
      There is always a wider Christmas tree market in America than in Europe
    2. B.
      The custom of decorating Christmas trees first appeared in Britain
    3. C.
      Some people prefer to buy live trees that can be reused next year
    4. D.
      Artificial trees are better than natural ones in all aspects

“My work is done.” Those words were some of the last penned by George Eastman. He included them in his suicide note. They mark an ignoble end to a noble life, the leave taking of a truly great man. The same words could now be said for the company he left behind. Actually, the Eastman Kodak Company is through. It has been mismanaged financially, technologically and competitively. For 20 years, its leaders have foolishly spent down the patrimony of a century’s prosperity. One of America’s bedrock brands is about to disappear, the Kodak moment has passed.
But George Eastman is not how he died, and the Eastman Kodak Company is not how it is being killed. Though the ends be needless and premature, they must not be allowed to overshadow the greatness that came before. Few companies have done so much good for so many people, or defined and lifted so profoundly the spirit of a nation and perhaps the world. It is impossible to understand the 20th Century without recognizing the role of the Eastman Kodak Company.
Kodak served mankind through entertainment, science, national defense and the stockpiling of family memories. Kodak took us to the top of Mount Suribachi and to the Sea of Tranquility. It introduced us to the merry old Land of Oz and to stars from Charlie Chaplin to John Wayne, and Elizabeth Taylor to Tom Hanks. It showed us the shot that killed President Kennedy, and his brother bleeding out on a kitchen floor, and a fallen Martin Luther King Jr. on the hard balcony of a Memphis motel. When that sailor kissed the nurse, and when the spy planes saw missiles in Cuba, Kodak was the eyes of a nation. From the deck of the Missouri to the grandeur of Monument Valley, Kodak took us there. Virtually every significant image of the 20th Century is a gift to posterity from the Eastman Kodak Company.
In an era of easy digital photography, when we can take a picture of anything at any time, we cannot imagine what life was like before George Eastman brought photography to people. Yes, there were photographers, and for relatively large sums of money they would take stilted pictures in studios and formal settings. But most people couldn’t afford photographs, and so all they had to remember distant loved ones, or earlier times of their lives, was memory. Children could not know what their parents had looked like as young people, grandparents far away might never learn what their grandchildren looked like. Eastman Kodak allowed memory to move from the uncertainty of recollection, to the permanence of a photograph. But it wasn’t just people whose features were savable; it was events, the sacred and precious times that families cherish. The Kodak moment, was humanity’s moment.
And it wasn’t just people whose features were savable; it was events, the precious times that familes cherish.  Kodak let the fleeting moments of birthdays and weddings, picnics and parties, be preserved and saved. It allowed for the creation of the most egalitarian art form. Lovers could take one another’s pictures, children were photographed walking out the door on the first day of school, the person releasing the shutter decided what was worth recording, and hundreds of millions of such decisions were made. And for centuries to come, those long dead will smile and dance and communicate to their unborn progeny. Family history will be not only names on paper, but smiles on faces.
The cash flow not just provided thousands of people with job, but also allowed the company’s founder to engage in some of the most generous philanthropy in America’s history. Not just in Kodak’s home city of Rochester, New York, but in Tuskegee and London, and at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. He bankrolled two historically black colleges, fixed the teeth of Europe’s poor, and quietly did good wherever he could. While doing good, Kodak did very well. Over all the years, all the Kodakers over all the years are essential parts of that monumental legacy. They prospered a great company, but they – with that company – blessed the world.
That is what we should remember about the Eastman Kodak Company.
Like its founder, we should remember how it lived, not how it died.
History will forget the small men who have scuttled this company.
But history will never forget Kodak

  1. 1.

    According to the passage, which of the following is to blame for the fall of Kodak?

    1. A.
      The invention of easy digital photography
    2. B.
      The poor management of the company
    3. C.
      The early death of George Eastman
    4. D.
      The quick rise of its business competitors
  2. 2.

    It can be learnt from the passage that George Eastman         

    1. A.
      died a natural death of old age
    2. B.
      happened to be on the spot when President Kennedy was shot dead
    3. C.
      set up his company in the capital of the US before setting up its branches all over the world
    4. D.
      was not only interested in commercial profits, but also in the improvement of other people’s lives
  3. 3.

    Before George Eastman brought photography to people,             

    1. A.
      no photos has ever been taken of people or events
    2. B.
      photos were very expensive and mostly taken indoors
    3. C.
      painting was the only way for people to keep a record of their ancestors
    4. D.
      grandparents never knew what their grandchildren looked like
  4. 4.

    The person releasing the shutter (Paragraph 5) was the one        

    1. A.
      who took the photograph
    2. B.
      who wanted to have a photo taken
    3. C.
      whose decisions shaped the Eastman Kodak Company
    4. D.
      whose smiles could long be seen by their children
  5. 5.

    What is the writer’s attitude towards the Eastman Kodak Company?

    1. A.
      Disapproving
    2. B.
      Respectful
    3. C.
      Regretful
    4. D.
      Critical
  6. 6.

    Which do you think is the best title for the passage?

    1. A.
      Great Contributions of Kodak
    2. B.
      Unforgettable moments of Kodak
    3. C.
      Kodak Is Dead
    4. D.
      History of Eastman Kodak Company

Many of Nalade Resorts’ hotels have Kids Club with special facilities for young children, making holidays more relaxing for parents and undoubtedly more pleasant and interesting for youngsters!
Kids Club in Beau Rivage (9 a.m. to 10 p.m.)
The club has a lovely atmosphere, with a large room for activities and a fenced, grass play-area outside. The qualified hostesses really know how to get on with children, as they look after and entertain youngsters from 3 to 12.
Activities are adapted according to children’s ages and talents and include:
●Glass-bottom boat trips to see the brightly colored games
●Drawing and painting
●Making things and a whole host of indoor games
●Learning how to snorkel and water-ski
A baby sitting service is also available on request, for a fee. Children’s dinner is served in the main restaurant at 6:30 p.m.
Kids Club in Legends (9 a.m. to 10 p.m.)
Three qualified hostesses entertain youngsters from 3 to 11 years old. For children under 3, a baby sitting service is also available on request, for a fee.
Children’s lunch is served between 12:30 and 1:30 p.m. in the main restaurant or in the Kids Club depending on the day. The children have dinner in the main restaurant between 6:30 and 7:30 p.m.
Kids Club in Les Pavillons (9:30 a.m. to 10:00 p.m.)
Friendly, experienced, well-trained staff keep youngsters from 3 to 11 happy and occupied throughout the day and evening. Activities include:
●Learning the local dance, the Sega
●Gathering crabs on the beach by torchlight
●Making things and a whole host of indoor games
●Learning to play a traditional musical instrument
A special children’s dinner is served from 6 p.m. to 7 p.m. Baby sitting service can also be provided, for a fee.
Kids Club in Diva
The ideal arrangement for both parents and their youngsters! Qualified staffs look after children aged from 3 to 11 from 9 a.m. to 10 p.m. daily and organize a whole range of activities to keep them busy and happy.
Children have dinner between 6 and 7 p.m. A baby sitting service is also available, for a fee

  1. 1.

    If you have a 12-year-old child, you can choose ______ for your Family holidays

    1. A.
      Diva
    2. B.
      Legends
    3. C.
      Beau Rivage
    4. D.
      Les Pavillons
  2. 2.

    Children may have two meals in ______

    1. A.
      Legends
    2. B.
      Beau Rivage
    3. C.
      Les Pavillons
    4. D.
      Diva
  3. 3.

    According to the activity lists, children can learn some water sports in the Club of ______

    1. A.
      Les Pavillons
    2. B.
      Beau Rivage
    3. C.
      Diva
    4. D.
      Legends
  4. 4.

    We know from the passage that ______

    1. A.
      the staff in all hotels can get along well with the youngsters
    2. B.
      all the hotels open daily from 9 a.m. to 10 p.m
    3. C.
      all the hotels provide baby-sitting service for fee
    4. D.
      parents have to play with their children in the activities

Has Tiger Mom gone soft? One year after the release of her book, "Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother," Amy Chua is back in the spotlight, reflecting on how overnight infamy（恶名）affected her life, her family and her parenting.
"I've changed a lot," she told The Huffington Post. "In October, we had 30 kids at our house! We've hosted parties with lots of food and music."
Last January, the Wall Street Journal published an excerpt（节选）from Chua's book with the headline "Why Chinese Mothers Are Superior." In the excerpt, Chua described how her daughters were never allowed to have sleepovers（在外过夜的儿童聚会）, appear in school plays, earn any grade lower than an A . Chua, an author and professor at Yale Law School, spent much of 2011 on the defensive. In fact, many of her interviews seemed to lend fuel to her critics' fire.
Now, with the book out in paperback（简装）,she said, "I put passages in the book and used very harsh words that I regret. Everybody has those moments you wish you could take back." Many of the scenes she described in the book are a far cry from the child-raising methods she advocates.
For those who still read "Battle Hymn" as an advice guide, Chua argues that so-called tiger parenting should be employed mainly during a child's early years, ideally between the ages of 5 and 12. These "super-strict parenting methods" are not meant for all ages. Remaining strict after middle school makes you a helicopter parent, according to Chua. And she is quick to point out how different that is from being a tiger mom.
"By the time kids get to high school, helicopter parents are hiring all these tutors, carrying their kids' sports bags. I never checked older daughter Sophia's papers because I knew she knew how to sit down and focus," Chua said.
As for younger daughter Lulu, 15, the rebel for whom the book waswritten, Chua has really backed off. Instead of forcing Lulu to practice violin for hours a day -- the source of their biggest fights, Chua "let her give that up". "My compromise is that I'm going to still be as strict academically, but in exchange she has a lot of social freedom. Lulu has had four sleepovers in the last two months!" Chua said. "Chua predicts she'll only get more easygoing with age

  1. 1.

    From Paragraph 1 we can know that after the publication of the book_____

    1. A.
      Tiger Mom became stricter with her children
    2. B.
      Tiger Mom was thought highly by the public
    3. C.
      Tiger Mom’s life and family were influenced
    4. D.
      Tiger Mom became wealthy and easygoing
  2. 2.

    What does the passage mainly tell us?

    1. A.
      Tiger Mom has changed and wants to be soft
    2. B.
      Tiger Mom persuaded readers to follow her example
    3. C.
      How Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother came out
    4. D.
      How Tiger Mom became the worldwide spotlight
  3. 3.

    What does the underlined phrase “a far cry from” in Paragraph 4 mean?

    1. A.
      similar to
    2. B.
      just the same as
    3. C.
      very different from
    4. D.
      a cry far from
  4. 4.

    What is the writer’s attitude towards Tiger Mom?

    1. A.
      supportive
    2. B.
      opposed
    3. C.
      unconcerned
    4. D.
      objective

Life on earth depends on water, and there is no substitute for it. The current assumption is that our basic needs for water—whether for drinking, agriculture, industry or the raising of fish—will always have to be met. Given this premise (前提), there are two basic routes we can go; more equal access to water or better engineering solutions.
Look at the engineering solutions first. A lot of my research concentrates on what happens to wetlands when you build dams in river basins, particularly in Africa. The ecology of such areas is almost entirely driven by the seasonal changes of the river—the pulse of the water. And the fact is that if you build a dam, you generally spoil the downstream ecology. In the past, such problems have been hidden by a lack of information. But in the near future, governments will have no excuses for their ignorance.
The engineers’ ability to control water flows has created new kinds of unpredictability, too. Dams in Africa have meant fewer fish, less grazing and less floodplain (洪泛区) agriculture, none of which were expected. And there average economic life is assumed to be thirty years. Dams don’t exist forever, but what will replace them is not clear.
The challenge for the future is to find new means of controlling water. Although GM technology(转基因) will allow us to breed better dry-land crops, there is no market for companies to develop crops suitable for the micro-climates of the Sahel and elsewhere in Africa. Who is going to pay for research on locally appropriate crops in the Third World?

  1. 1.

    What’s the main idea of this passage?

    1. A.
      The engineering solutions to water resource and their limitation
    2. B.
      The challenge for the future
    3. C.
      The basic means of controlling water
    4. D.
      The challenge for developing crops
  2. 2.

    The author suggests that governments will have no excuse for their careless ignorance in the future because _____

    1. A.
      The ecological destruction will be known to the public by researchers
    2. B.
      The ecological destruction will no longer be a problem in the future
    3. C.
      The future is an information age
    4. D.
      Governments will face greater challenge in the future
  3. 3.

    Which of the following statements is NOT true for meeting our basic needs for water?

    1. A.
      Water resource should be used more reasonably
    2. B.
      More dams should be built in river basins
    3. C.
      More wetlands should be protected from destruction
    4. D.
      More dry-land crops could be developed in Africa
  4. 4.

    The last sentence probably implies that _____

    1. A.
      No one will invest in developing locally appropriate crops in Africa
    2. B.
      Researchers have no interest in developing dry-land crops
    3. C.
      Research on locally appropriate crops in the Third World may be profitable
    4. D.
      There is less water resource in the Third World

Is there a limit to the number of years that a person can expect to live? Can changes in life-style add years to one’s life? Throughout history people have sought answers to these questions and others.
Various myths offer the hope of great longevity. In the imaginary land of Shangri-La, for example, people are said to lead a charmed existence for a thousand years. The Spanish explorer Ponce de Leon was convinced that he would find the Foundation of Youth in what is now the state of Florida. According to the Bible, Methuselah lived to be more than 900 years old.
The subject of longevity is fascinating, and scientists study individuals such as Jeanne Calment to learn about the aging process. Calment died in 1997 in Arles, France, at the age of 122. She never married, and she lived in her own apartment until moving to a retirement community when she was 109.
Most scientists agree that bodies will last, at best, about 125 years. This potential has changed little since modern human beings appeared more than 100 thousand years age. Recent improvements in medicine and the environment have extended life expectancy, especially for those from poorer parts of the world. It is not clear, however, whether such improvements will lengthen life expectancy beyond a certain point.
Life expectancy is the number of years an infant can be expected to live, given the conditions into which it is born. Life expectancy, therefore, is affected by nutrition, medical care, and social and political circumstances. An individual’s genetic makeup is also an important factor. Children from long-lived families can hope to enjoy long lives themselves. According to recent data, the average life expectancy worldwide in 1998 was 67 years. This can be compared with an average life expectancy of 77 in the United States.
In 1970 the average life expectancy worldwide was 61 years, or 6 years less than it was in 1998. This same period saw a drop in infant mortality -— the death of a child before the first birthday-—from 80 births out of 1,000 to 54 births out of 1,000. According to some researchers, the rise in the average life expectancy is due primarily to the drop in infant mortality. It is not so much that adults are living to an older age. It is, rather, that more people are living into adulthood because more children are surviving beyond their first birthdays

  1. 1.

    Infant mortality is defined as ________

    1. A.
      the number of children born alive
    2. B.
      the kinds of behavior typical of very young children
    3. C.
      the number of children, out of 1,000 births, who die before their first birthday
    4. D.
      the typical and obvious thoughts of very young children
  2. 2.

    Although it may be possible to improve the life expectancy of a particular group of people, ________

    1. A.
      it is more difficult to affect the rate of infant mortality
    2. B.
      it is unlikely that one will be able to extend the potential life span of human beings in general
    3. C.
      the process of evolution is extending the potential life span beyond 125 years
    4. D.
      the potential that bodies will last, at best, about 125 years has changed much since modern human beings appeared
  3. 3.

    One can infer that people have at times imagined that ________

    1. A.
      people live longer in the state of Florida
    2. B.
      a long life is a burden rather than a blessing
    3. C.
      it is possible to find a way to live for centuries
    4. D.
      life expectancy is affected by a couple of factors
  4. 4.

    One can conclude that  ________

    1. A.
      the aging process can be stopped
    2. B.
      the aging process is inevitable
    3. C.
      life expectancy in the United States will soon reach 125 years
    4. D.
      the average life expectancy worldwide is decreasing

The managing editor is usually the person in charge of the day-to-day editorial process of a newspaper. He or she makes sure that the newspaper comes out on time each day and that costs are kept within a budget. He or she is usually responsible for hiring and firing newsroom staff, and serves as the spokesperson for the newspaper. The managing editor may also be involved in story, photo and graphics selection, assignments, laying out pages, and editing copy and writing headlines. 
The news editor is in charge of the news pages of the newspaper. He or she makes decisions on which stories are used and which are not. The news editor and his or her assistants also lay out pages of the paper.
The copy editor edits wire and local stories and writes headlines. The copy editor is often the last person to see a story before it actually appears in print.
The city editor makes sure that the news in the city is covered and that as many local stories as possible get into each edition. The city editor monitors the local general assignment, beat and specialty reporters.
The state editor supervises reporters who cover communities and areas outside the city but still within the circulation (流通) area of the newspaper.
The national editor supervises reporters in bureaus in cities outside the circulation area of the newspaper. Most newspapers rely on the wire services for national news, but some have correspondents(通信员) who work in other cities and report to the national editor

  1. 1.

    If you want to apply for a job in a newspaper newsroom, you are likely to be interviewed by ______

    1. A.
      the news editor
    2. B.
      the national editor
    3. C.
      the state editor
    4. D.
      the managing editor
  2. 2.

    From the passage, we can learn that ______

    1. A.
      the managing editor is mainly responsible for laying out pages of the paper
    2. B.
      the news editor determines which stories are used
    3. C.
      the copy editor is often the first person to see the story
    4. D.
      the state editor supervises the local general assignment, beat and specialty reporters
  3. 3.

    The national news is mostly sent to the national editor by all of the following ways EXCEPT ______

    1. A.
      by e-mail
    2. B.
      by fax
    3. C.
      by letter
    4. D.
      by telephone
  4. 4.

    The underlined word “supervises” in the last paragraph can be replaced by ______

    1. A.
      is in favor of
    2. B.
      is in honor of
    3. C.
      is in charge of
    4. D.
      is in need of
  5. 5.

    What is mainly discussed in this passage?

    1. A.
      How newspapers are made
    2. B.
      People in a newspaper newsroom
    3. C.
      How news is collected and edited
    4. D.
      People in charge of the newspaper industry

He came into the room to shut the windows while we were still in bed and I saw he looked ill. He was shivering, his face was white, and he walked slowly as though it ached to move.
“What's the matter, Schatz?”
“I've got a headache.”
“You better go back to bed.”
“No. I'm all right.”
“You go to bed. I'll see you when I'm dressed.”
But when I came downstairs he was dressed, sitting by the fire, looking a very sick and miserable boy of nine years. When I put my hand on his forehead I knew he had a fever.
“You go up to bed,” I said, “You're sick.”
“I'm all right,” he said.
When the doctor came he took the boy's temperature.
“What's is it?” I asked him.
“One hundred and two.”
Downstairs, the doctor left three different medicines in different colored capsules with instructions for giving them. One was to bring down the fever, another a purgative(泻药), the third to overcome an acid condition. The germs of influenza（流感）can only exist in an acid condition, he explained. He seemed to know all about influenza and said there was nothing to worry about if the fever did not go above one hundred and four degrees. This was a light epidemic(传染病；传染性的) of flu and there was no danger if you avoided pneumonia（肺炎）.
Back in the room I wrote the boy's temperature down and made a note of the time to give the various capsules.
“Do you want me to read to you?”
“All right. If you want to, “ said the boy. His face was very white and there were dark areas under his eyes. He lay still in the bed and seemed very detached（超然的；冷漠的）from what was going on.
I read aloud from Howard Pyle's Book of Pirates（海盗）;but I could see he was not following what I was reading.
“How do you feel, Schatz?” I asked him.
“Just the same, so far,” he said.
I sat at the foot of the bed and read to myself while I waited for it to be time to give another capsule. It would have been natural for him to go to sleep, but when I looked up he was looking at the foot of the bed, looking very strangely.
“Why don't you try to sleep? I'll wake you up for the medicine.”
“I'd rather stay awake.”
After a while he said to me, “You don't have to stay in here with me, Papa, if it bothers you.”
“It doesn't bother me.”
“No, I mean you don't have to stay if it's going to bother you.”
I thought perhaps he was a little lightheaded and after giving him the prescribed capsules at eleven o'clock I went out with my gun and the young hunting dog….I killed two quail(鹌鹑), and missed five, and started back pleased to have found a covey of quail close to the house and happy there were so many left to find on another day.
At the house they said the boy had refused to let anyone come into the room.
“You can't come in,” he said. “You mustn't get what I have.”
I went up to him and found him in exactly the position I had left him, white-faced, but with the tops of his cheeks flushed（发红）by the fever, staring still, as he had stared, at the foot of the bed.
I took his temperature.
“What is it?”
“Something like a hundred,” I said. It was one hundred and two and four tenths.
“It was a hundred and two,” he said.
“Who said so?”
“The doctor.”
“Your temperature is all right,” I said. “It's nothing to worry about.”
“I don't worry,” he said, “but I can't keep from thinking.”
“Don't think,” I said. “Just take it easy.”
“I'm taking it easy,” he said and looked straight ahead, He was evidently holding tight onto himself about something.
“Take this with water.”
“Do you think it will do any good?”
“Of course it will.”
I sat down and opened the Pirate book and began to read, but I could see he was not following, so I stopped.
“About what time do you think I'm going to die?” he asked.
“What?”
“About how long will it be before I die?”
“You aren't going to die. What's the matter with you? “
“Oh, yes, I am, I heard him say a hundred and two.”
“People don't die with a fever of one hundred and two. That's a silly way to talk.”
“I know they do. At school in France the boys told me you can't live with forty-four degrees. I've got a hundred and two.”
He had been waiting to die all day, ever since nine o'clock in the morning.
“You poor Schatz,” I said. “Poor old Schatz. It's like miles and kilometers. You aren't going to die. That's different thermometer. On that thermometer thirty-seven is normal. On this kind it's ninety-eight.”
“Are you sure?”
“Absolutely,” I said, “It's like miles and kilometers. You know, like how many kilometers we make when we do seventy miles in the car?”
“Oh,” he said.
But his gaze at the foot of the bed relaxed slowly. The hold over himself relaxed too, finally, and the next day it was very slack(松驰的) and he cried very easily at little things that were of no importance

  1. 1.

    The author writes about the doctor’s visit in order to _____

    1. A.
      show the doctor’s knowledge about influenza and its treatment
    2. B.
      show the boy’s illness was quite serious
    3. C.
      create a situation of misunderstanding around which to build a story
    4. D.
      show the father was very much concerned about the boy’s illness
  2. 2.

    The pronoun “it” in “Papa, if it bothers you” (line 41) refers to _____

    1. A.
      the boy’s high temperature
    2. B.
      the father giving the medicine to the boy
    3. C.
      the father staying with the boy
    4. D.
      the boy’s death
  3. 3.

    It can be inferred from the story that it is _____ by the time the father gets home from hunting

    1. A.
      early in the afternoon
    2. B.
      close to evening
    3. C.
      at noon
    4. D.
      late in the morning
  4. 4.

    From the story we know that the boy kept tight control over himself because _____

    1. A.
      he did not want to be a bother to others
    2. B.
      he wanted to recover quickly so that he could go hunting with his father
    3. C.
      he was afraid that he would die if he lost control over himself
    4. D.
      he thought he was going to die and he must show courage in the face of death
  5. 5.

    That the boy cried very easily at little things of no importance the next day suggests that _____

    1. A.
      he couldn’t control his emotions when he finally relaxed
    2. B.
      his father would go out hunting without him if he didn’t cry
    3. C.
      something went wrong with his brain after the fever
    4. D.
      he often complained about unimportant things as a spoiled boy
  6. 6.

    The theme of the story is _____

    1. A.
      death is something beyond a child’s comprehension
    2. B.
      to be calm and controlled in the face of death is a mark of courage
    3. C.
      misunderstanding can occur even between father and son
    4. D.
      misunderstanding can sometimes lead to an unexpected effect

As a palace, the Tower of London．was a great place to live．As a prison, it, wasn’t so nice ——especially since so many prisoners lost their heads．Today tourists can explore 5the Tower in the
United Kingdom．Here are some reasons why the Tower was and still is a cool place．
Ravens（渡鸦） are like superheroes．
Well, sort of．Legend says if the ravens that live on the Tower grounds ever leave, the Tower will fall apart．No one knows when the ravens first showed up, but Charles II took the legend so seriously that in the 1670s he gave an official order that six ravens be kept there all the time．Today
there are still always six．
You might have lived at a zoo．
In 1204, King John kept a collection of animals, including lions and elephants．About 50 years later, King Henry III received a polar bear．the bear was kept on a piece of rope so it could fish from the Thames River that flows by the Tower．
If you lived at the Tower today, your mom or dad might be in charge．
The 35 Yeoman Warders（伦敦塔卫士）and their families are among the few still allowed to live at the Tower．Established in 1509 a;? bodyguards! for the king, today they give tours and  manage the day-to-day details of the Tower．They’re called "beefeaters," possibly because their job once allowed them to eat beef from the king’s; table．
You need a secret password at night．
Called the "Word," the password changes every 24 hours and is a must-have to enter the Tower
after hours．It’s written on a piece of paper and delivered to the Yeoman on duty for, the night．
You could find buried gold．
In 1662, a goldsmith（金匠） named John Barfcstead supposedly hid more than $40,000 worth of stolen gold somewhere on．the Tower grounds．Many have searched for the gold, but it has never
been found．

  1. 1.

    Charles II decided to keep six ravens in the Tower probably because ______．         ;

    1. A.
      he loved animals a lot
    2. B.
      he believed ravens helped protect the Tower
    3. C.
      he wanted to train the ravens to watch the prisoners
    4. D.
      he thought the Tower was a cool place for the ravens to live
  2. 2.

    According to the passage, the Yeoman Warders ______．

    1. A.
      have to part from their families to work at the Tower
    2. B.
      are currently working as bodyguards for the king
    3. C.
      sometimes serve as tour guides
    4. D.
      are fond of eating beef
  3. 3.

    Which of the following is TRUE about the Tower of London?

    1. A.
      King Henry III kept lions and elephants in it．
    2. B.
      It stands on the bank of the Thames River．
    3. C.
      Nobody is allowed to enter it at night．
    4. D.
      It is also used as a prison nowadays．

Microwaves may be great at warming up food, but what about warming people?
Using microwaves to directly heat owners of a room would save much of the energy wasted by heating walls and furniture. And despite popular ideas about microwaves, this technique would be safe, according to Charles R. Burlier of the Microwave Research Center in Marlborough, New Hampshire. Low-power microwaves only penetrate (贯穿) the skin (low-power microwave penetration in a ham is about 0.2 inches, for example) and with no negative effects.
To test this idea, Buffler subjected himself to microwaves in a special room using a standard 500-watt, 2459 MHz magnetron (磁控管). He found that a person will start to feel warmth at about 20 milliwatts per square centimeter (mw. / sq. cm. ) ; a satisfactory feeling of warmth occurs between 35 and 50mw. / sq. cm. By comparison, a person standing in noonday summer sun feels the amount of 85 mw. / sq. cm. And a frozen meat pie in your microwave oven receives about 1000 mw. / sq. cm.
In houses of the future, each room could be provided with its own magnetron, says Buffler. When you stepped into the living room, for example, a motion detector (运动感应器)would turn on the magnetron, filling the room with low-power microwaves. In the same way that a microwave oven heats up a hamburger, but not the plate it’s on, you would feel warmth from the microwaves without changing the temperature of your coffee table. (You could, however, make your favorite easy chair even more comfortable by treating it with a radiation-absorbing chemical.)
While it might be some time before homeowners are comfortable enough with the idea to set up whole-body microwave heaters in houses, Buffler says microwaves may attract livestock(家畜) farmers. Lambs that are born outdoors in winter, for example, are frequently lost to cold. Microwaves could warm the lambs safely and quickly

  1. 1.

    Which of the following can tell the main idea of the passage?

    1. A.
      A new heating system
    2. B.
      A new microwave oven
    3. C.
      A popular technique
    4. D.
      The magnetron
  2. 2.

    According to Paragraph 2, which of the following does not describe the characteristics of a microwave heater?

    1. A.
      It directly heats people in a room
    2. B.
      It heats walls and furniture in a room
    3. C.
      It is safe
    4. D.
      It saves energy
  3. 3.

    The test conducted by Buffler shows that when a person feels comfortable warmth, he receives about ______

    1. A.
      20 mw. / sq. cm
    2. B.
      40 mw. / sq. cm
    3. C.
      60 mw. / sq. cm
    4. D.
      85 mw. / sq. cm
  4. 4.

    According to Paragraph 4, which of the following fills the room with low-power microwaves?

    1. A.
      The magnetron
    2. B.
      The motion detector
    3. C.
      The microwave oven
    4. D.
      The radiation-absorbing chemical
  5. 5.

    Which of the following statements about microwave heaters would Buffler most probably agree with?

    1. A.
      Microwave heaters will soon be widely used by homeowners
    2. B.
      Microwave heaters sometimes make people feel uncomfortable
    3. C.
      Perhaps microwave heaters will be first used by livestock farmers, who wish to protect their lambs in winter
    4. D.
      Microwave heaters cannot be accepted by the public because they are somewhat unsafe
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