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　　The diamond is the hardest natural substance in the world．What causes this superhardness?Pressure and heat are the answers．The pressure has to be close to two million pounds．That’s per square inch．Much heat is required too．Experts say over 5,000 degrees．To make a diamond, one more thing is needed．This is ________．Pressure, heat, and carbon combine．They create a sparkling diamond．The very best are colorless．Pale blue stones─very rare─are high quality too．

　　Where do most diamonds come from?Over 97 percent come from Africa．The first diamond in Africa was not found by miners．Children found it, in 1866．They were playing in a shallow stream．One picked up “a pretty pebble”．The “pebble” was placed on the mantel of the fireplace．It was soon forgotten．Much later, a guest noticed the sparkle．He urged the farmer to have the stone looked at．He did．He took it to an expert in town．The “pebble” proved to be a diamond worth ＄2,500．That was a small fortune in those days．To date, the mines in Africa have produced over 1 billion dollars worth of diamonds．

　　Not all diamonds are found in Africa．Our hemisphere produced diamonds too．Brazil was a big producer in earlier times．The famous gem the Star of the South was found in brazil in 1853．

　　The gem the President Vargas was found more recently in Brazil．This was in 1938．A poor prospector found the stone．It was in the San Antonio River．It weighed 726.6 carats．The man sold the stone for ＄10,000 to a local broker．The broker almost immediately resold it．He got about ＄425,000．What a nice guy!

1．What is the best title of the passage?(Please answer within 10 words)

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2．Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

Some diamonds are found in Africa but some are not．

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3．Please fill in the blank in the first paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence．(Please answer within 10 words)

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4．What do you think of the diamond in modern days?(Please answer within 30 words)

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5．Translate the underlined sentence in the first paragraph into Chinese．

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答案：
解析：

　　1．The world’s Hardest Substance．

　　2．Not all diamonds are found in Africa．

　　3．black carbon

　　4．Nowadays, diamond is a symbol that not common people can have it．Only the rich can own it．

　　5．钻石是世界上最硬的天然物质。


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　　“No one is an island”is a well-known line from John Done's Devotion, written more than three hundred years ago．Even now people still agree with him．No one can live a completely isolated life．Without other people, life became empty and sad．We all need to have friends．

　　For some of us, though making friends is not difficult, feeling sheepish, we may not want to make the first move．It is also difficult at times to keep the friends we already have．

　　There are many books about friendship, but Dale Carnegie's How to Win Friends and Influence People, written in 1936, is the most famous．This“how to”book about getting along with other people bacame a best seller．It was later put into 28 languages．

　　Dale Carnegie's advice seems to be simple．But can his advice help you? Do you need to change the way you act? Here is the list of advice from his book．

　　1．Be friendly and polite．

　　Always greet with a smile．Begin with“excuse me”or“would you mind”when you want to ask somebody．Remember to say“thank you”and try to be as helpful as you can．

　　2．Go out of your way to be nice．

　　Find some time to do special things for other people．Making some soup for a sick neighbour may seem like a little thing to you, but it will make your neighbour feel a lot better．

　　3．Remember names．

　　They say that the sweetest music to a person's ears is the sound of his or her own name．

　　4．Be open-minded．

　　Try to understand other people's way and ideas and learn something from them．

　　5．Listen patiently．

　　When someone is talking to you, look at her, listen carefully and say something when necessary．

1．What is the meaning of the underlined sentence in the first paragraph?(Please answer within 10 words．)

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2．What is the best title for this passage?(Please answer within 10 words．)

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3．Why do some of us feel it not easy to make friends?(Please answer within 15 words．)

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4．Why should we remember others' names?(Please answer within 15 words．)

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5．Translate the underlined sentence in the second paragraph．

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　　Recently investors are being offered a new way to support independent media in developing countries．The Swiss private bank Vontobel and the social investment group Ability started the offering last week．

　　They say the new product will provide not just a financial return, but “social added value．”They say it is a chance to invest in press freedom with a moderate(稳当的)level of risk．Vontobel spokeswoman Claudia Kraaz says the new financial product will be listed on the Swiss Exchange starting on May the eighteenth．

　　The product ________．One is a bond-like(公债)investment．The other is a loan to a New York non-profit organization, the Media Development Loan Fund．

　　The announcement said Bank Vontobel and the Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation will guarantee that investors can resell it, if necessary, before the end of the five-year term．

　　The media Development Loan Fund will use the money for low-cost financing of projects in developing democracies．The group has financed independent media companies in seventeen countries．

　　The money is used for such things as broadcasting equipment, computers and printing presses．The Media Development Loan Fund so far has been out about thirty million dollars in loans．Spokesman Peter Whitehead tells us that loan losses are three percent．

　　Sasa Vucinic started the Media Development Loan Fund in 1995．He was chief of independent Radio B-92 in Serbia．He calls the new investment product a “truly revolutionary step．”He says it could provide an example for using private finance to support other social projects around the world．The announcement came on May the third-World Press Freedom day．

1．What is the best title of the passage?(Please answer within 10 words．)

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2．Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

They will make sure that investors can sell the product again within five years if it is necessary．

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3．Please fill in the blank in the third paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence．(Please answer within 10 words．)

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4．Do you think the investors will benefit from the new project?Why?(Please answer within 30 words．)

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5．Translate the underlined sentence in the last paragraph into Chinese．

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　　A year ago, the World Bank announced a new program to control malaria in Africa and Southeast Asia．It launched the Global Strategy and Booster Program on Africa Malaria Day．The five-year plan calls for expanded use of medicines and preventions like bed nets treated with insect poisons．Public health experts say mosquitoes spread as many as five hundred million cases of malaria each year．

　　Now, thirteen of those experts in North America, Africa and Europe have criticized the World Bank for its history on the disease．Their criticism appeared in the medical publication－THE LANCET．

　　They accuse the World Bank of wasting money on ineffective medicines．They say claims of “success stories” in India and Brazil are wrong．And they accuse the bank of false claims about increased spending in Africa in the past five years．

　　Amir Attaran at the University of Ottawa in Canada and the other experts to close down its malaria projects．They say the bank should finance groups that are better able to save lives quickly．

　　THE LANCET published a reaction from World Bank officials, led by Jean-Louis Sarbib．The officials call the financial reporting accusations untrue．And they use evidence from India to dispute the accusations about treatments．

　　Malaria kills more than one million people each year, mostly young children in Africa．The Abuja declaration of 2000 calls for a fifty percent cut in malaria deaths in Africa by 2010．A Lancet editorial says that if the World Bank is serious about being judged on results, then this is a chance for cost-effective action．

1．What is the best title of the passage?(Please answer within 10 words．)

__________________．

2．Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

It was declared by the Abuja in 2000 that malaria deaths should be reduced by 50％by the year 2010．

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3．Please fill in the blank in the passage with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence．(Please answer within 10 words．)

__________________

4．If you were an official of the World Bank, what should you say about the criticism from experts?(Please answer within 30 words．)

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5．Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese．

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　　In the course of working my way through school, I took many jobs I would rather forget．But none of these jobs was as dreadful as my job in an apple plant．The work was hard; the pay was poor; and, most of all, the working conditions were terrible．

　　First of all, the job made huge demands on my strength．For ten hours a night, I took boxes that rolled down a metal track and piled them onto a truck．Each box contained twelve heavy bottles of apple juice．I once figured out that I was lifting an average of twelve tons of apple juice every night．

　　I would not have minded the difficulty of the work so much if the pay had not been so poor．I was paid the lowest wage of that time－two dollars an hour．Because of the low pay, I felt eager to get as much as possible．I usually worked twelve hours a night but did not take home much more than ＄100 a week．

　　But even more than the low pay, what made me unhappy was the working conditions．During work I was limited to two ten-minute breaks and an unpaid half hour for lunch．Most of my time was spent outside loading trucks with those heavy boxes in near-zero-degree temperatures．The steel floors of the trucks were like ice, which made my feet feel like stone．And after the production line shut down at night and most people left, I had to spend two hours alone cleaning the floor．

　　I stayed on the job for five months, all the while hating the difficulty of the work, the poor money, and the conditions under which I worked．By the time I left, I _________．

1．What is the best title of the passage?(Please answer within 10 words．)

____________________

2．Which sentence in the passage can be replaced by the following one?

The worst job among all my jobs was working in an apple plant．

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3．Please fill in the blank in the last paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence．(Please answer within 10 words．)

____________________

4．Which of the conditions do you think is the most terrible? Why?(Please answer within 30 words．)

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5．Translate the underlined sentence in the third paragraph into Chinese．

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　　The Internet has opened up a whole new online world for us to meet, chat and go where we’ve never been before．But just as in face–to-face communication, there are some rules of behavior that should be followed when online．

　　The basic rule is simple：treat others in the same way you would want to be treated．Imagine how you’d feel if you were in the other person’s shoes．For anything you’re about to send：ask yourself, “Would I say this to the person’s face?” If the answer is “no”, rewrite and reread．Repeat the process till you feel sure that you’d feel comfortable saying the words to the person’s face．

　　If someone in the chat room is rude to you, your instinct(本能反应)is to fire back in the same manner．But try not to do so．You should either ignore the person, or use your chat software to block their messages．If it was caused by disagreement with another member, try to fix the situation by politely discussing it．Remember to respect the beliefs and opinions of others in the chat room．

　　If you do decide to tell someone in the chat room about a mistake, point it out politely．At the same time, if you find you are wrong, be sure to correct yourself and apologize to those that you have offended．

　　It is not polite ________ such as their age, sex, and marital status．Unless you know the person very well, and you are both comfortable with sharing personal information, don’t ask such questions．

1．What’s the best title of the passage?(Please answer within 10 words．)

2．Why should we ask ourselves “Would I say this to the person’s face?” when we are to send a message online?(Please answer within 20 words．)

3．Please fill in the blank in the last paragraph to complete the sentence．(Please answer within 10 words．)

4．Which rule do you think is the best? Why?(Please answer within 30 words．)

5．Translate the underlined sentence in the first paragraph into Chinese．

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