题目内容
In formal paragraphs you will sometimes see a sentence at the end of the paragraph which summarizes the information that has been presented. This is the concluding sentence. The concluding sentence is similar to the topic sentence. They are both general sentences. The concluding sentence can be written in two ways：
1. State the topic sentence in different words.
2. Summarize the main points in the paragraph.
You can understand concluding sentences with this example. Consider a hamburger that you can buy at a fast―food restaurant. A hamburger has a top bun，meat，cheese，lettuce（生菜），and other elements in the middle of the hamburger，and a bottom bun. Note how the top bun and the bottom bun are very similar. The top bun，in a way，is like a topic sentence，and the bottom bun is like the concluding sentence. Both buns “hold” the meat，onions，and so on. Similarly，the topic sentence and concluding sentence “hold” the supporting sentences in the paragraph. Let’s see how a concluding sentence might look in our sample paragraph about Wheaton：
My hometown is famous for several amazing natural features. First，it is noted for the Wheaton River，which is very wide and beautiful. Also，on the other side of the town is Wheaton Hill，which is unusual because it is very steep. The third amazing feature is the Big Old Tree. This tree stands two hundred feet tall and is probably about six hundred years old. These three landmarks are truly amazing and make my hometown a famous place.
Notice how the concluding sentence，“these three landmarks are truly amazing and make my hometown a famous place”，summarizes the information in the paragraph. Notice also how the concluding sentence is similar to，but not exactly the same as，the topic sentence.
Usually，we begin a concluding sentence with “in conclusion’’ or “in summary”. Remember，not all paragraphs contain concluding sentences，especially if the paragraph is very short. However，if your paragraph is very long，it is a good idea to use a concluding sentence.
65. What does the author mainly intend to tell us in this passage？
A. How to write a concluding sentence.
B. What the top bun and the bottom bun are like.
C. Why his hometown is a famous place.
D. To use a concluding sentence in our writing.
66. Why does the author write about a hamburger？
A. Because he can buy a hamburger at a fast―food restaurant.
B. Because a hamburger has a top bun and a bottom bun.
C. Because the top bun and the bottom bun are very similar.
D. Because he wants to explain his main idea in another way.
67. The underlined word “noted” probably means“ ”
A. written down B. famous C. noticed D. recorded
68. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the passage？
A. A sentence at the end of a paragraph is the concluding sentence.
B. All paragraphs contain concluding sentence.
C. It is a good idea to use a concluding sentence in a long paragraph.
D. The concluding sentence is the same as the to pic sentence.
69. The underlined phrase “These three landmarks” here refers to .
A. the Wheaton River，Wheaton Hill and my hometown
B. natural features，the
C. the
D. my hometown，Wheaton Hill and the Big Old Tree
Almost all cultures celebrate the end of one year and the beginning of another in some way. Different cultures celebrate the beginning of a new year in different ways, and at different times on the calendar.
In western countries, people usually celebrate New Year at midnight on January 1st. People may go to parties, dress in formal clothes—like tuxedos(小礼服)and evening gowns, and drink champagne at midnight. During the first minutes of the New Year, people cheer and wish each other happiness for the year ahead. But some cultures prefer to celebrate the New Year by waking up early to watch the sun rise. They welcome the New Year with the first light of the sunrise.
It is also a common Western custom to make a New Year’s promise, called a resolution. New Year’s resolutions usually include promises to try something new or change a bad habit in the new year.
Many cultures also do special things to get rid of bad luck at the beginning of a new year. For example, in Ecuador, families make a big doll from old clothes. The doll is filled with old newspapers and firecrackers. At midnight, these dolls are burned to show the bad things from the past year are gone and the new year can start afresh (again). Other common traditions to keep away bad luck in a new year include throwing things into rivers or the ocean, or saying special things on the first day o
f the new year.
Other New Year traditions are followed to bring good luck is to eat grapes on New Year’s Day. The more grapes a person eats, the more good luck the person will have in the year. In France, people eat pancakes for good luck at New
Year. In the United States, some people eat black– eyed peas(豇豆)for good luck——but to get good luck for a whole year you have to eat 365 of them!
【小题1】Which culture celebrates New Year in the morning?
| A．The United States. | B．Spain. |
| C．France. | D．The passage doesn’t say. |
| A．Something you burn. | B．Something you eat. |
| C．Something you say. | D．Something you wear. |
| A．Bringing good luck. | B．Keeping away bad luck. |
| C．Planning for the next year. | D．Remembering the past. |
| A．Black-eyed peas taste bad. | B．The peas are very difficult to cook. |
| C．One pea brings one day of luck. | D．It is bad luck to eat a lot of black-eyed peas. |
Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships. For example, in American culture the smile is in general an expression of pleasure. Yet it also has other uses. A woman’s smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child. A smile may show love or politeness. It can also hide true feelings. It often causes confusion (困惑) across cultures. For example, many people in Russia consider smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper. Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in big cities). Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places; some Americans believe that Russians don’t smile enough. In Southeast Asian cultures, a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings. Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile.
Our faces show emotions (情感), but we should not attempt to “read” people from another culture as we would “read” someone from our own culture. The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions. Rather, there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressiveness permitted. For example, in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do. When with friends, Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly.
It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural backgrounds in the United States. People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others. The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotion are different. If we judge according to our own cultural habits, we may make the mistake of “reading” the other person incorrectly.
【小题1】What does the smile usually mean in the U.S.?
| A．Love | B．Politeness | C．Joy | D．Thankfulness |
| A．show friendliness to strangers |
| B．be used to hide true feelings |
| C．be used in the wrong places |
| D．show personal habits |
| A．Learn about their relations with others |
| B．Understand their cultural backgrounds |
| C．Find out about their past experience |
| D．Figure out what they will do next |
| A．Cultural Differences |
| B．Smiles and Relationships |
| C．Facial Expressiveness |
| D．Habits and Emotions |
AAAGH! The Generation 90s is coming!
Wearing earphones, using complex Net language and constantly text messaging friends, the Gen-90s following the Gen-80s begin to make their world debut （初次登台）．
Each generation or age group has its own symbols and lifestyle．Read on and judge for yourselves if you fit the Gen-90s group．
Earphones
These little devices seem to grow on the heads of the Gen-90s．They might lead to MP3, MP4 or MP101 players, giving these young people a plugged-in, cool and perhaps self-addicted look, of course, life is not always music to the ears．
Martian language
They have created their own code-like online language．It’s a mixture of English, Japanese and Chinese that perhaps only Martians can understand．This is an imaginative generation, though they need to be careful to keep it out of their term papers．
Self-Portrait
Saying “cheese” to their own digital cameras is usual for this generation．A little bit of narcissism （自恋） never hurts anyone．It helps them reflect a little on their own lives．But be aware of the risks of posting private photos online．
Text-messaging
They can type their mobile phones as fast as they can speak．This is a generation that respects efficiency．However, oral communication is important and will never go out of style．
1.According to the text, the writer will choose ______ as a good example to the Gen-90．
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A．Li Hua likes music and always wearing ipod |
|
B．Zhang Chao is not only an imaginative boy but do everything efficiently． |
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C．Lily is a shy girl and she doesn’t like making friends． |
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D．Fangfang likes being taken photos and often posting them on line． |
2.According to this passage, which is FALSE?
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A．Not all teens are cautious about posting photos． |
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B．They type their mobile phones so fast that it can catch the speed of speaking． |
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C．The Gen-90s have a preference for some music players, and even regard them as a necessary part of life． |
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D．They don’t use the cool and complex online language in formal writing． |
3.The main idea of the passage is about________．
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A．the Gen-90s’ happy life |
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B．the difference between the Gen-80s and the Gen-90s |
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C．the Gen-90s’ unique lifestyle and some practical warnings |
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D．the similarities between the Gen-80s and the Gen-90s |