短文改错Colleges and universities in America consider a great deal of things about a student who want to be admitted. They says the most important thing is the student's high school record. Admission offic 题目和参考答案——青夏教育精英家教网—

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短文改错

Colleges and universities in America consider a great deal of things about a student who want to be admitted. They says the most important thing is the student's high school record. Admission officers look only at the grades that the student has had earned. They also look at the level of difficulty of the classes. A student's interests and activities may also play a part of getting accepted. But in most cases another consideration is how good the student does in college entrance exams. This week in us Foreign Student Series, we will discuss two of these test: the SAT or the ACT. Most American schools accept either one.

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阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

On any collecting trip, obtaining the animals is, as a rule, the simplest part of the job. As soon as the local people discover that you are willing to buy live wild creatures, the stuff comes __1.___(pour) in; ninety percent is, of course, the more common types, but they do bring an occasional rarity. If you want the really rare stuff, you generally have to go out __2.___ find it yourself.

The chief difficulty you __3.___ when you have got a newly caught animal is not so much the shock it might be suffering, but the fact __4.___ being caught forces it to exist close to a creature it regards as an enemy of the worst possible sort: yourself. On many occasions an animal may take beautifully to being in a cage but __5.__ (get) used to the idea of living with people is another matter. This is the difficulty you ___6.___ only deal with by patience and kindness. For month after month ___7.___animal may try to bite you every time you approach its cage, ___8.___you have lost all hope of making a favorable impression on it. Then, one day, sometimes without any ___9.___ (warn), it will trot forward and take food from __10.__ hand, or allow you to tickle it behind the ears. At such moments you feel that all the waiting in the world was worthwhile.

If asked if space exploration should continue, most Americans would give an immediate response either in favor of continuing or in favor of ending space exploration. A common response would be that space exploration is a waste of money. An average American, uneducated on the subject, might believe that the government is wasting billions of dollars on the research that has no merit. Someone strange to the subject might say that a space shuttle goes up once in a while and that is about all that happens. Research is ongoing and continues when there are no shuttles being launched. This also costs the government money. Does the extreme cost of space exploration make sense?

One argument is that the government is wasting money on the research not being used on Earth. Actually, the money goes to workers and scientists that support National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) missions (任务), and goes to major companies that play important roles in major sectors of the US economy. Boeing is a partner of NASA for aircraft, the same company that makes commercial aircraft for the airline industry.

Another benefit to continuing space exploration is the many spinoff (衍生的) technologies it provides. The artificial heart resulted from experiments on the space shuttle. The handheld Jaws of Life used to save victims from car accidents originated from the system used to separate the space shuttle from its booster rockets. Insulation in homes that keeps them warm and energy efficient is based on the technology used to insulate the space shuttle.

There are direct benefits to the economy provided by NASA missions as well as spinoff technologies. These advances are found in food, building materials, medical procedures and the vehicles we drive. While it can be proven that billions of dollars that could be used elsewhere is being spent on space exploration, the benefits it provides outweigh the terrible aspects. As a matter of fact, the money spent helps to improve the quality of our lives.

1.How is Paragraph 2 mainly developed?

A. By offering analyses.

B. By making comparisons.

C. By giving some examples.

D. By presenting research findings.

2.The function of Jaws of Life is to _____.

A. save people from traffic accidents

B. do experiments on the space shuttle

C. keep houses warm and energy efficient

D. separate the space shuttle from its booster rockets

3.In the author’s opinion, space exploration _____.

A. has changed our life completely

B. costs too much of our time

C. benefits us in many ways

D. has nothing to do with us

4.What would be the best title for the text?

A. Benefits of space exploration

B. Is space exploration worth the cost?

C. How to make space exploration affordable

D. Missions of the NASA space shuttle program

Alibaba has become China’s largest online commercial company, ______ a profit of 1.47 billion yuan in 2010.

A. earns B. earning C. earned D. to have earned

People who are slightly overweight or mildly obese(肥胖的) have a lower risk of early death than normal weight individuals(个人;个体), according to a new analysis of nearly 100 international studies.

The studies, most conducted within the past decade, included about three million adults from around the world. The result of these studies by researchers at the National Center for Health Statistics in Maryland, part of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, shows that slightly overweight or obese people were six percent less likely to die from all causes compared to people of normal weight. But the researchers found that seriously obese individuals were still at a 30 percent greater risk of death compared to healthy-weight individuals.

Study lead author Katherine Flegal says she was not surprised that overweight people would not have a higher death risk. “Because we'd actually already read a lot of this literature and realized that death rates for overweight would be at least not higher than normal[weight," she said. “I guess l was a little bit surprised that it was definitely lower. And l was also surprised that the lower rates of obesity didn't seem to differ from normal weight."

But Flegal stresses the difference in death rates appear to be small between normal-weight people and overweight and mildly obese individuals.

The finding by Flegal and colleagues have raised new questions about the reliability(可靠性)of the so-called "body mass index" or BMI, a measurement of body fat as a ratio(比例，比率)of height to weight, that has become popular in recent years among public healthexperts to measure potential health risks.

But Heymsfield warns that individuals should not conclude that it's okay to put on extra kilograms, since being at a healthy weight lowers the risk for heart disease and diabetes.

1.Katherine Flegal feels surprised at the fact that____.

A. obese people have higher death rates

B. slightly obese people have lower death rates

C. obese people tend to die early

D. death rates have nothing to do with body weight

2.What do we learn from the fifth paragraph?

A. BMI may not be so reliable.

B. The study provides further evidence for BMI.

C. BMI tells nothing about potential health risks.

D. BMI has been much questioned recently.

3.What can we conclude from the passage'?

A. It's OK to put on extra weight.

B. It doesn't matter if you are slightly obese.

C. Obese people are much healthier.

D. Body weight has nothing to do with death rates.

4.What topic does the passage mainly deal with?

A. Technology. B. Dieting. C. Health. D. Death.

Decision-making under Stress

A new review based on a research shows that acute stress affects the way the brain considers the advantages and disadvantages, causing it to focus on pleasure and ignore the possible negative (负面的) consequences of a decision.

The research suggests that stress may change the way people make choices in predictable ways.

“Stress affects how people learn,” says Professor Mara Mather. “People learn better about positive than negative outcomes under stress.”

For example, two recent studies looked at how people learned to connect images(影像) with either rewards or punishments. In one experiment, some of the participants were first stressed by having to give a speech and do difficult math problems in front of an audience; in the other, some were stressed by having to keep their hands in ice water. In both cases, the stressed participants remembered the rewarded material more accurately and the punished material less accurately than those who hadn’t gone through the stress.

This phenomenon is likely not surprising to anyone who has tried to resist eating cookies or smoking a cigarette while under stress –at those moments, only the pleasure associated with such activities comes to mind. But the findings further suggest that stress may bring about a double effect. Not only are rewarding experiences remembered better, but negative consequences are also easily recalled.

The research also found that stress appears to affect decision-making differently in men and women. While both men and women tend to focus on rewards and less on consequences under stress, their responses to risk turn out to be different.

Men who had been stressed by the cold-water task tended to take more risks in the experiment while women responded in the opposite way. In stressful situations in which risk-taking can pay off big, men may tend to do better, when caution weighs more, however, women will win.

This tendency to slow down and become more cautious when decisions are risky might also help explain why women are less likely to become addicted than men: they may more often avoid making the risky choices that eventually harden into addiction.

1.We can learn from the passage that people under pressure tend to ______.

A. keep rewards better in their memory

B. recall consequences more effortlessly

C. make risky decisions more frequently

D. learn a subject more effectively

2.According to the research, stress affects people most probably in their ______.

A. ways of making choices B. preference for pleasure

C. tolerance of punishments D. responses to suggestions

3.The research has proved that in a stressful situation, ______.

A. women find it easier to fall into certain habits

B. men have a greater tendency to slow down

C. women focus more on outcomes

D. men are more likely to take risks

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。

Cheating is when a person misleads, deceives or acts dishonestly on purpose. 1. . If a basketball team is for kids under 8, it's cheating for a 9-year-old play on the team. At school, in addition to cheating on a test, a kid might cheat by stealing someone else's idea for a science project. 2. .This kind of cheating is called plagiarizing (抄袭).

3. . Jeff is doing it by sneaking（暗中的） answers to a test. And it's also cheating to break the rules of a game or contest or to pretend something is yours when it isn't. When people cheat, it's not fair to other people. It's tempting(诱惑人的) to cheat because it makes difficult things seem easy, like getting all the right answers on the test. 4. , and it won't help on the next test unless the person cheats again.

5. . They want to get good grades but hate hard work. Other kids might feel like they can't pass the test without cheating. Even though there seems to be a "good reason" for cheating, cheating isn't a good idea.

A. For kids, cheating may happen at school, at home, or while playing a sport.

B. Some kids cheat once and feel so bad that they never do it again.

C. Some kids cheat because they're lazy.

D. Kids may also cheat by copying a book report off the Internet and handing it in as it's his or her original work.

E. Cheating can happen in a lot of different ways.

F. But it doesn't solve the problem of not knowing the material（材料）.

G. There are plenty of reasons why a kid shouldn't cheat, but some kids have already cheated.

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的的正确形式。

Now if you’ve got nothing to do today, why not go to the east part of the city and get digging? That’s the message from No.1 Senior High School, _1.__ is organizing a tree planting event near East Mountain. In order to improve the environmental _2._ (educate) of its students and get more people __3._ (organize), the school is planning to plant __4.__ total of 1,400 trees paid by the government over the next few days. They are hoping to plant half of them today and they __5.__(look) for volunteers to come along and help. No experience is necessary, __6.__ there will be experts to give directions and the __7.__ (equip) will be provided. Everyone is welcome to come along anytime __8.__ 10 am and 4 pm. I don’t think you need my advice of what sort of shoes or clothes you have to wear. And of course, gloves will be essential _9.__ (protect) your hands. So it could be10. (real) a nice day out for all the families. Enjoy your day.

As a boy, Charles Robert Darwin(达尔文) collected anything that caught his interest: insects, coins and interesting stones. He was not very clever, but Darwin was good at doing the things that interested him.

His father was a doctor, so Darwin was sent to Edinburgh to study medicine, and was planned to follow a medical career. But Charles found the lectures boring. Then his father sent him to Cambridge University to study to be a priest. While at Cambridge, Darwin’s interest in zoology and geography grew. Later he got a letter from Robert FitzRoy who was planning to make a voyage around the world on a ship, the Beagle. He wanted a naturalist to join the ship, and Darwin was recommended(推荐). That voyage was the start of Darwin’s great life.

As the Beagle sailed around the world, Darwin began to wonder how life had developed on earth. He began to observe everything. After he was home, he set to work, getting his collection in order. His first great work The Zoology of the Beagle was well received, but he was slow to make public his ideas on the origin of life.

Later Darwin and Wallace, another naturalist who had the same opinions as Darwin, produced a paper together. Darwin’s great book “On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection”(《物种起源》) appeared. It attracted a storm. People thought that Darwin was saying they were descended from monkeys. What a shameful idea! Although most scientists agreed that Darwin was right, the Church was still so strong that Darwin never received any honors for his work.

Afterwards, he published another great work, The Descent of Man. His health grew worse, but he still worked. “When I have to give up observation, I shall die,” he said. He was still working on 17, April, 1882. He was dead two days later.

1.Darwin’s father sent him to Edinburgh to _____.

A. make him like natural history

B. make him become a doctor

C. let him change his hobbies

D. have him give up his collection

2.According to the passage, Charles Darwin’s whole life was changed by _____.

A. his study at Cambridge University

B. his collection of coins

C. the naturalists at Cambridge

D. the voyage of the Beagle

3.The underlined part “they were descended from monkeys” probably means “_____”.

A. they gave monkeys life

B. they were different from monkeys

C. they were developed from monkeys

D. they had to live with monkeys

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