题目内容
11.In agrarian(农业的),pre-industrial Europe,"you'd want to wake up early,start working with the sunrise,have a break to have the largest meal,and then you'd go back to work,"says Ken Albala,a professor of history at the University of the Pacific."Later,at 5or 6,you'd have a smaller supper."This comfortable cycle,in which the rhythms of the day helped shape the rhythms of the meals,gave rise to the custom of the large midday meal,eaten with the extended family."Meals are the foundation of the family,"says Carole Couniban,a professor at Millersville University in Pennsylvania,"so there was a very important interconnection between eating together and strengthening family ties."
Since industrialization,maintaining such a slow cultural metabolism has been much harder,with the long midday meal shrinking to whatever could be stuffed into a lunch bucket or bought at a food stand.Certainly,there were benefits.Modern techniques for producing and shipping food led to greater variety and quantity,including a tremendous increase in the amount of animal protein and dairy products available,making us more energetic than our ancestors.
Yet plenty has been lost too,even in cultures that still live to eat.Take Italy.It's no secret that the Mediterranean diet is healthy,but it was also a joy to prepare and eat.Italians,says Counihan,traditionally began the day with a small meal.The big meal came at around 1p.m.In between the midday meal and a late,smaller dinner came a small snack.Today,when time zones have less and less meaning,there is little tolerance for offices'closing for lunch,and worsening traffic in cities means workers can't make it home and back fast enough anyway.So the formerly small supper after sundown becomes the big meal of the day,the only one at which the family has a chance to get together."The evening meal carries the full burden that used to be spread over two meals,"says Counihan.
24.What does Professor Carole Counihan say about pre-industrial European families eating meals together?B
A.It was helpful to maintaining a nation's tradition.
B.It brought family members closer to each other.
C.It was characteristic of the agrarian culture.
D.It enabled families to save a lot of money.
25.What does"cultural metabolism"(Line 1,Para.3)refer to?D
A.Evolutionary adaptation.
B.Changes in lifestyle.
C.Social progress.
D.Pace of life.
26.What does the author think of the food people eat today?B
A.Its quality is usually guaranteed.
B.It is varied,abundant and nutritious.
C.It is more costly than what our ancestors ate.
D.Its production depends too much on technology.
27.What does the author say about Italians of the old days?A
A.They enjoyed cooking as well as eating.
B.They ate a big dinner late in the evening.
C.They ate three meals regularly every day.
D.They were expert at cooking meals.
分析 本文属于说明文阅读,作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了工业化前的欧洲家庭一起吃饭使家庭成员更接近对方,现代的食物虽然品种丰富,营养丰富,但人们的节奏变快了.
解答 24.B.细节理解题.根据第二段a professor at Millersville University in Pennsylvania,"so there was a very important interconnection between eating together and strengthening family ties可知工业化前的欧洲家庭一起吃饭使家庭成员更接近对方;故选B.
25.D.词义猜测题.根据第三段Since industrialization,maintaining such a slow cultural metabolism has been much harder,with the long midday meal shrinking to whatever could be stuffed into a lunch bucket or bought at a food stand工业化以来,维持这样一个缓慢的文化新陈代谢已经非常困难;可知意为生活的速度;故选D.
26.B.推理判断题.根据第三段Modern techniques for producing and shipping food led to greater variety and quantity,including a tremendous increase in the amount of animal protein and dairy products available,making us more energetic than our ancestors可知人们吃的食物品种丰富,营养丰富;故选B.
27.A.细节理解题.根据第四段Italians,says Counihan,traditionally began the day with a small meal.The big meal came at around 1p.m可知意大利人喜欢做饭,也喜欢吃东西;故选A.
点评 考察学生的细节理解和推理判断能力,做细节理解题时一定要找到文章中的原句,和题干进行比较,再做出正确的选择.在做推理判断题不要以个人的主观想象代替文章的事实,要根据文章事实进行合乎逻辑的推理判断.
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A. | touching on | B. | diving in | C. | getting across | D. | going about |
Although these things could not (46)A,something new eventually came to take their place.Everyone (47)B a new compassion(同情)in his care for the soldiers who each day streamed in.Before,he was an extremely devoted physician,who treated his work seriously and (48)Cpatients very much.Now there was a(n)(49)Apersonal compassion,like that of a father for his son.
Like most people who have(50)D such losses,Osler must have spent considerable time on (51)B.Pain will change us,often in various ways.It can leave us angry and broken,or,as in the case of Osler,it can bring forth good (52)C such as compassion or tenderness.It is as if the physician channeled his pain into energy and love for others,caring for them as he would care for his own child.
Helen Keller,who went through life both blind and deaf,knew plenty about (53)A.She once wisely said,"The (54)D of life is one of our greatest blessings.It makes us patient and sensitive'(55)B us that although the world is full of pain,it is also full of the overcoming of it."
The world is full of suffering,and we can't (56)C it no mater how hard we try.But those who overcome great challenges will change (57)A.For our struggles enter our lives as unwelcome guests,but they also bring (58)D gifts.And once the pain decreases,the gifts (59)A.These gifts are life's true treasures,bought at great price,but can not be(60)Bin any other way.
41.A.decision | B.message | C.position | D.memory |
42.A.Inspired | B.Disappointed | C.Shocked | D.Affected |
43.A.previously | B.purely | C.exactly | D.obviously |
44.A.gone | B.far | C.free | D.safe |
45.A.over | B.beyond | C.around | D.except |
46.A.return | B.disobey | C.neglect | D.develop |
47.A.invented | B.noticed | C.collected | D.analyzed |
48.A.1onged for | B.heard of | C.cared for | D.believed in |
49.A.extra | B.terrible | C.suspected | D.odd |
50.A.treasured | B.escaped | C.witnessed | D.experienced |
51.A.regret | B.sadness | C.guilty | D.anxiety |
52.A.behaviors | B.habits | C.qualities | D.relationships |
53.A.suffering | B.mercy | C.society | D.responsibility |
54.A.origin | B.process | C.meaning | D.struggle |
55.A.warning | B.teaching | C.promising | D.instructing |
56.A.discover | B.attract | C.avoid | D.tolerate |
57.A.unexpectedly | B.purposely | C.occasionally | D.instantly |
58.A.affordable | B.1uxurious | C.mysterious | D.valuable |
59.A.remain | B.increase | C.share | D.1eave |
60.A.exchanged | B.acquired | C.selected | D.given |